鄂尔多斯盆地周缘晚古生代火山活动对盆内砂岩储层的影响

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界天然气储集体是一套以次生孔隙为主的低渗透砂岩。通过次生孔隙成因研究发现，各种溶蚀孔隙的形成与砂岩中火山物质和硅酸盐碎屑颗粒的溶蚀、蚀变关系密切。通过储层岩石学研究，对火山物质成分、结构构造、物态、次生变化等特征精细观察表明，这些火山物质具有同沉积的特点，即来源于盆地周缘同期的火山喷发。这些同沉积火山物质不仅改变了储层砂岩的物质成分，而且为储层次生孔隙的形成提供了溶蚀母质，形成了晶屑溶孔、岩屑溶孔、灰屑溶孔以及蚀变高岭石、绿泥石晶间孔，在原生孔隙基本消失的砂岩中形成了以次生孔隙为主的砂岩储层。同时，火山物质的残存、蚀变和溶蚀的差异使储层表现出强烈非均质性。     

新疆北山黑石山地区下泥盆统大南湖组地层的发现

在1/25万《红宝石幅》区域地质调查过程中,在新疆北山黑石山地区发现早泥盆世火山—沉积地层,通过岩石地层、生物化石及地层年代研究,结合区域地层对比,将其划归大南湖组。该组的确定为恢复哈萨克斯坦板块南缘区域地质演化历史提供了新的资料。     

Pioneer organisms after F-F mass extinction in Dushan region, Guizhou Province, and their significance in establishing new ecosystem

After bio-mass extinction, the ecosystems in most areas were damaged seriously and may become an “ecologically barren area” lacking or even without ecosystems. To know what the pioneer organisms would be and their development, and to trace the es- tablishment process of the ecosystems are of great importance for the study of the biological evolution and recovery in aftermath. As one of the “big five” mass extinctions in the geological history, the Late Devonian Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) e…     

Petrogenesis and metallogenesis of the Yanshanian adakite-like rocks in the Eastern Yangtze Block

Many of the Yanshannian intermediate-acid intrusive rocks related to Cu-Au mineralization in the Eastern Yangtze Block are characterized by high Al2O3, Sr contents, while low in Y, Yb contents, thus with high Sr/Y, and La/Yb ratios, and variational isotope signatures in particular, e.g. εNd(t) = -11.92-1.96, (143Nd/144Nd)i = 0.5120-0.5125, TDM = 0.70-1.71 Ga,(87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.7043-0.7076. The geochemical characteristics of these rocks suggest that: (1) these rocks are geochemically similar to adakite, which might have been stemmed from the partial melting of thickened basaltic lower crust due to basalt underplating; and (2) the high pressure (1.2-4.0 GPa) and high temperature (850-1150℃) surroundings of the lower crust favor both the fluid and adakite-like magma to generation. Not only can the adakite-like magma carry abundant fluid and Cu-Au ore-froming materials, but also can it bring them to the shallow part with ease and contributes to the Cu-Au mineralization.     

湖南栖霞期的生物群落、古地理与生物礁

湖南栖霞期发育了8种不同类型的生物群落,各自反映了不同的沉积环境。这些生物群落的时空分布规律反映了当时的古地理概貌。根据群落分布及岩性特征可将栖霞期的湖南浅海划分为5个古地理单元。在涟(源)浏(阳)开阔浅海的部分海底隆起区,由Peronidella群落形成了生物礁。这是国内首次发现的栖霞期生物礁。     

塔里木盆地中部志留-泥盆系沉积构造背景

我国陆上最深的钻井塔参1井位于塔里木盆地中央隆起,井深7200m,在井深3742～4001m钻遇志留泥盆系碎屑岩259m,包括下志留统125m,上泥盆统134m。在该段岩心采样23块(下志留统15块,上泥盆统8块),其全岩和微量元素地球化学分析表明,塔参1井的志留泥盆系碎屑岩均为稳定大陆克拉通内部的沉积,物源可能来自其底部以前震旦纪花岗岩为代表的古老陆壳基底。     

分叉波痕在广西上泥盆统钙质浊积岩中的发现及意义

小型不对称分叉波痕(简称分叉波痕)发现于桂林杨堤剖面上泥盆统弗拉斯阶linguiformis牙形石带，桂林碳酸盐台地东南缘斜坡相钙质浊积岩鲍马序列C段。波长7．5～8．0cm，波高0．5～0．8cm，波痕指数15～10；向流面长5．0～7．0cm，背流面长2．5～4．0cm，波痕对称指数2．0～1．8；背流面向东倾；波脊较圆滑、缓曲，且具明显的分叉现象。是浊流流速减缓，密度流转化为牵引流后在低流态条件下，并叠加有推进型风暴浪作用形成的复合成因波痕。根据该波痕和寄主地层特征，推断含分叉波痕的阳朔碳酸盐盆地的最大水深约100m，极限水深小于200m。这一估计值应能代表广西乃至华南板块泥盆纪广泛发育的含牙形石动物群和钙质浊积岩碳酸盐沉积盆地的定量水深，可能也代表了弗拉斯阶一法门阶之交受集群绝灭事件重创的浅水海相生物与基本未受影响的深水海相生物的水深分界线。     

The Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age in the Daihai Area, North China

Rb/Sr ratio, CaCO3 content, organic carbon (Corg) concentration, magnetic suscep-tibility and clay mineralogy of 4.0 m sediments samples recovered from Daihai Lake, northern China, are presented in the paper. Weathering and paleoclimatic change history during the last 2300 years is reconstructed in terms of the variations of Rb/Sr ratios in the sediment sequence, including the Little Ice Age and Medieval Warm Period. Our results suggest that the evolution processes of weathering and paleoclimate can be rebuilt in terms of the variations of Rb/Sr ratios in the lake sediment sequence, in combination with magnetic susceptibility, Corg, CaCO3 contents and clay mineralogy.     

滇西南早泥盆世地层研究新进展

滇西南西盟里拉、孟连回库腊垒组发现早泥盆世Ｍｏｎｏｇｒａｐｔｕｓｈｅｒｃｙｎｉｃｕｓ、Ｍ．ｆａｌｃａｒｉｕｓ等７个笔石种,从下到上识别出Ｍ．ｕｎｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ带、Ｍ．ｈｅｒｃｙｎｉｃｕｓ带和Ｍ．ｆａｌｃａｒｉｕｓ带３个笔石带,分别属于洛赫科夫期早期、晚期和布拉格期早期,并与国内外其他地区的笔石带进行了对比。对该时期笔石的生物地理分析表明,洛赫科夫期的笔石具有全球性,而布拉格期的笔石则显示出一定程度的地区性。     

陕西商南地区上泥盆统旋回层序研究

将旋回地层学（ｃｙｃｌｏｓｔｒａｔｉｇｒａｐｈｙ）和层序地层学（ｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｓｔｒａｔｉｇｒａｐｈｙ）有机地结合起来并应用沉积学和地层学的基本理论研究了陕西省商南地区上泥盆统王冠沟组旋回层序级别的划分、层序边界特征、三级旋回层序内部组成特征以及米级旋回的沉积特点。王冠沟组可以识别出１．５个三级旋回层序,４个四级旋回层序,共发育８６个米级旋回,归属８大类。三级旋回层序发育低水位体系域（ＬＳＴ）、海进体系域（ＴＳＴ）、高水位体系域（ＨＳＴ）和陆架边缘体系域（ＳＭＳＴ）。第一个三级旋回层序的底界面为Ⅰ型层序界面（ＳＢ１）,顶界面为Ⅱ型层序界面（ＳＢ２）,明显地具间断－加积旋回（ＰＡＣ）沉积特征。通过详细的旋回层序研究以及与中国黔南和世界晚泥盆世弗拉斯阶海进－海退旋回进行比较研究,并结合区域地层对比研究,商南地区上泥盆统王冠沟组旋回发育不完整,推测可能地层发育不全。