黔桂地区泥盆纪层序地层和台内裂陷槽的形成演化

黔桂地区是泥盆纪时期南华海盆内裂陷活动作用初始且十分显著的地区。本文结合区域构造和盆地格局分析，通过典型剖面研究，将黔桂稳定型滨岸一台地相区的泥盆系划分为２１个３级海平面变化控制的层序。根据南丹罗富、大厂裂陷槽盆地泥盆系层序地层研究和与相邻稳定型泥盆系层序地层对比及层序地层格架分析，揭示了裂陷槽盆地的形成演化过程。指出构造幕式沉降是裂陷槽盆地层序发育和层序构成的主控因素。     

Geochemical evolution within a Devonian intra-oceanic island arc: The Gamilaroi terrane, southern New England orogen, Australia

Abstract Geochemical analyses of volcanic rocks in the Gamilaroi terrane reveal several phases of arc activity within an intra-oceanic island-arc terrane. Felsic volcanic rocks at the base of the section have rare earth element (REE) and trace element compositions which indicate that they were derived from an island-arc source. Basalts immediately overlying the felsic volcanic rocks have a distinctive geochemical signature with low levels of Ti and Y and high levels of Ni, Cr and Mg. Low concentrations of REE and trace elements relative to mid-ocean-ridge basalts (MORB) indicate that they were also derived from an intra-oceanic island-arc source. Extensive basalts and basaltic andesites among the youngest rocks of the terrane have typically flat to enriched REE and trace element compositions, indicating a transitional arc-back-arc source. The change in basalt compositions indicates that rifting had occurred by this stage in the evolution of the arc. Confirmation of an intra-oceanic setting for this terrane enables a more detailed comparison with similar intra-oceanic rocks in the northern New England orogen. This study of the Gamilaroi terrane is an example of the potential use of geochemical data to identify other ancient intra-oceanic island-arc-rift suites.     

秦岭造山带泥盆系热水沉积岩相应用研究及实例

构造-热水沉积岩相与盆地的古地理环境,热水沉积岩相与热水沉积成矿,热 (水 )流体岩相与构造背景、构造古地理,它们之间有密切地内在联系.应用热水沉积岩相、沉积相及沉积体系分析方法,对凤县铅硐山-双石铺三级构造热水成矿盆地进行研究.     

湖北建始写经寺组的弗拉期化石

根据珊瑚化石 Phillipsastrea hunanense,Mictophyllum zhuzhouense,Pseudozaphrentis?curvatum,Peneck-iella sp.及 Crassialveolites sp.等确定建始长梁子一带的写经寺组底部属弗拉阶。鄂西写经寺组应属法门阶及部分弗拉阶沉积。     

内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗西山巴润特花组孢型化石及其时代

本文首次报道内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗西山下泥盆统巴润特花组底部所发现的丰富的孢型石。共发现孢子１８属，３９种，其中新种２个；凝类４属５种，通过孢型化石的研究，确定巴润特花组为早泥盆世早期，相当西欧吉丁阶，并可与中国云南东部，四川龙门山，西秦岭和新疆西准噶尔同时期孢带比较。     

Devonian Sequence Stratigraphy and Sea Level Change Cycles in South China

southChinaisoneofWellknownregionSwitheddeVelops~~inthe~es~intheGulzhouandG~provinCeSwherethe~manhashowellstudiedwithgreatachie~,whichhave~a~a~nfromthe~iSbothatdomticandabroad.SinCelabac~hasbornethe.hotPOint"forthemeearchofoutcrops~stratigraphyinClam,andconS~yyieldssomehigh--qualitypapeds(Muetal.,1992;XuandMa1992;Xuetal.,1993;DUetal.,1994;DUandYak1994;Gongatal.,1994;Wuetal.,1994;ChenandChen,1994a,b).Onthebasisofco~noftheDevonhasequenceinGultheuandG~,SouthernQinlingandho~han.thispape…     

中国瓣甲鱼类化石的生物地层学意义

瓣甲鱼类在我国泥盆系中分布较广,具有相当重要的生物地层学意义。根据化石在地层中的分布,我国的辦甲鱼类自上而下可分为5个组合(带):拟辦鱼一广西辦甲鱼(Quasipetalichthys-Guangsipetalichthys)组合,宽头鱼(Eurycaraspis)带,中华瓣甲鱼-西南瓣甲鱼(Sinipetalichthys-Xinanpetalichthys)组合,新瓣鱼(Neopetalichthys)带,滇东瓣甲鱼(Diandongpetalichthys)带。它们的时代分别相当于吉维期,吉维期早期,布拉格期,布拉格期早期和洛赫科夫期早期。     

Geochemical characterisation of organic matter in Keg River Formation (Elk point group, Middle Devonian), La Crete Basin, Western Canada

Carbonates from the Keg River Formation, La Crete Basin, Alberta, western Canada were examined in order to define: (a) oil source rock potential; (b) bulk maceral composition; (c) extract yield; and finally (d) facies variations using PY-GC-MS. Thirty samples from 6 different wells were examined from the lower Keg River member and 4 from the upper Keg River member using conventional geochemical methods. As maturity differences are absent within the sample set, variations in TOC, T_max, hydrogen index, organic petrography and extract yields are caused by variability in organic matter input, which is revealed by molecular characterisation using PY-GC-MS. Lower Keg River member bituminous wackestones are excellent potential source rocks containing Types I–II and Type II organic matter. Types I–II organic matter contains large well preserved (up to 200μm in diameter) thick-walled Tasmanites (10–15% of sample) and akinete algal cells indicative of algal blooms within an amorphous bituminite. Type II organic matter contains a higher proportion of degraded alginites/bituminite relative to well-preserved alginites. Extract yields (mg/g TOC) were seen to increase from Types I–II to Type II organic matter. PY-GC-MS revealed that 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene was a major peak in most samples. This is a pyrolysis product arising from β-cleavage of C₄₀ diaromatic carotenoids incorporated within the kerogen during diagenesis. The source of this compound is thought to be from an unknown diaromatic compound with a 2,3,6-/3,4,5-trimethyl substitution pattern and isorenieratene, which is specific to photosynthetic green sulphur bacteria (Chlorobiaceae) suggesting that the photic zone was at least partially anoxic during deposition of these samples. The relative abundance of this compound/n-C11-alkene and organic sulphur (calculated from the thiophene ratio) both increase from Types I–II to Type II organic matter. This trend was grossly similar to the trend seen in the variability of extract yield with hydrogen index. A similar trend for HI and T_max indicates samples containing a higher proportion of degraded alginites/bituminite relative to well-preserved alginite are more labile than Type I–II organic matter. Upper Keg River member marls contain Type II organic matter, which is characterised by heavily degraded algal material within a bituminous groundmass. Pyrolysates of two of the marl samples contain only low amounts of 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene, in contrast to the bituminous wackestones, indicating that the depositional environment/source input was different during deposition of the marl samples. Although both marls contain similar organic matter, their pyrolysates were significantly different. One marl (1141.9 m) was highly paraffinic containing dominantly short-chain alkene/alkane doublets, while the other marl (1137.6 m) contained a bimodal n-alkane/alkene distribution and high amounts of alkylphenols, which may be derived from preservation of resistant algal polyphenolic molecules or suggest a terrestrial input.     

Late Devonian and Triassic basalts from the southern continental margin of the East European Platform,tracers of a single heterogeneous lithospheric mantle source

In Late Devonian and Early-to-Late Triassic times, the southern continental margin of the Eastern European Platform was the site of a basaltic volcanism in the Donbas and Fore-Caucasus areas respectively. Both volcanic piles rest unconformably upon Paleoproterozoic and Late Paleozoic units respectively, and emplaced during continental rifting periods some 600 km away from expected locations of active oceanic subduction zones. This paper reports a comparative geochemical study of the basaltic rocks, and views them as the best tracers of the involved mantle below the Eastern European Platform. The Late Devonian alkaline basic rocks differ from the calc-alkaline Triassic basic rocks by their higher alkali-silica ratio, their higher TiO₂, K₂O, P₂O₅ and FeO contents, their higher trace element contents, a higher degree of fractionation between the most and the least incompatible elements and the absence of Ta-Nb negative anomalies. These general features, clearly distinct from those of partial melting and fractional crystallization, are due to mantle source effects. With similar Nd and Sr isotopic signatures indicating mantle-crust mixing, both suites would originate from the melting of a same but heterogeneous continental mantle lithosphere (refertilized depleted mantle). Accordingly the Nd model ages, the youngest major event associated with mantle metasomatism occurred during Early Neoproterozoic times (∼650Ma).     

新疆北山黑石山地区下泥盆统大南湖组地层的发现

在1/25万《红宝石幅》区域地质调查过程中,在新疆北山黑石山地区发现早泥盆世火山—沉积地层,通过岩石地层、生物化石及地层年代研究,结合区域地层对比,将其划归大南湖组。该组的确定为恢复哈萨克斯坦板块南缘区域地质演化历史提供了新的资料。