地质图空间数据库建设中的拓扑关系处理

拓扑关系是空间数据库的核心。主要阐述拓扑关系的基本概念，详细介绍MAPGIS和ARC/INFO两大模块中，拓扑关系具体表现形式、处理方法及处理过程中的注意事项，形成了一套较为完善的工作流程，提高了工作效率，为今后的信息化提供了行之有效的工作方法。     

天山北麓灌溉绿洲的形成和发展

17世纪以前，天山北麓是以牧为主地区，由“兵屯”建立的古代绿洲仅在交通要道呈星、点分布，且屡兴屡废。18－20世纪中叶，由清朝到民国，大力发展屯田，使社会发展进入半农半牧时期，这里形成的旧绿洲，呈断续岛状小片。1949年以后，由大规模农垦建立的新绿洲群，把分散小片旧绿洲联结在一起，形成与天山相平行绿洲带。本区绿洲形成特点是由屯垦和内地移民发展起来，起步虽晚，但发展很快；而且古绿洲、旧绿洲和新绿洲之间有延续性，不象塔里大盆地的很多古代绿洲已沦为沙漠、戈壁或风蚀地。     

区域可持续发展评价:进展与展望

可持续发展的评价是目前可持续发展研究的热点和前沿。当前评价可持续发展的单项指标和指标体系在指标与可持续性的关系、指标权重的选择、指标的定量化、可持续性的总体判别方法、资本替代性与替代速度、指标阈值的确定等方面具有不同的局限性 ,这也是可持续发展评价的主要难点。可持续发展的评价必然要落实到不同尺度的空间地理单元上 ,区域发展是评价的对象 ,因而可持续发展的评价必然具有显著的区域性 ,不同区域的评价指标或指标体系必然会有所不同。社会、经济与人口的发展是人类社会发展的主要目标 ,而发展的可持续性依赖于自然环境的质量 ,包括自然资源的再生或替代、生命支持系统与生物多样性的维持或改善。据此 ,论文构建了区域可持续发展评价的理论框架和发展——可持续性二维评价坐标体系 ,并提出了“自上而下”和“自下而上”的指标遴选方法。     

南宁市旅游商品开发研究

分析南宁市旅游商品资源优势及旅游商品开发中存在的问题。根据旅游商品资源优势及旅游商品开发设计的原则 ,设计旅游商品系列和旅游商品销售网点空间布局。提出旅游商品开发生产实施措施     

Planning a Prosperous Sydney: The challenges of planning urban development in the new urban context

Since their post-war inception, Sydney's metropolitan plans have tended to be overtaken by the social, economic and environmental conditions they have had to confront. The depth and scope of Sydney's recent urban transformation threatens again to overtake metropolitan planning capacity creating, in the context of competitive globalisation, a potentially significant market disadvantage for the city, not to mention poor urban development outcomes. This paper reviews Sydney's post-war metropolitan planning strategies, examining the social and economic contexts and the policy paradigms in which they have been framed, in order to draw out the lessons to be learned from their successes and failures. We argue that future success in planning urban development will rely on richly informed and fine-grained understanding of the complex spatial outcomes of Sydney's ever-deeper global integration. Only such fine-grained understanding can empower metropolitan planning to be responsive to the evolving challenges of managing development in the contemporary urban context.     

Employment and Socio-spatial Relations in Australia's Cultural Economy

This paper examines the significance and contribution of Australian 'creative' industry activities in light of recent debates on the emergence of the 'cultural economy of cities'. First, census employment data and business location counts are used to illustrate patterns of metropolitan primacy and concentration in the cultural industries both across states and in Sydney. Second, the specificities of the locations of cultural production, and the links between cultural industry activities and wider urban-regional change are explored in more detail. A set of observations of urban-regional change is used to demonstrate how the notion of 'cultural economy' should include complex interactions between the material activities of consumers and producers, and the discursive worlds of image makers and place marketers. Urban renewal, housing market pressures and intra-regional migration all mediate Australian experiences of the 'cultural economy'. Such interactions, in addition to key quantitative data on employment and business activity, suggest important policy considerations.     

SARS的世界性和中国旅游商品的可持续开发

SARS是一种世界性灾难题，医学专家提示，它将与人类长期共存。但2003年春天的SARS却对华人经济圈造成巨大冲击。在这种疫情的紧急状态和长期影响下，中国国民经济各行业中，旅游业所受冲击很大。人民的生命安全重于经济利益，但如何最大限度缩小损失是我们旅游研究者的责任。基于这种背景，结合我国旅游商品长期存在的问题，本文重点探讨了在SARS的紧急状态下，中国旅游商品如何实施可持续开发。作者认为，中国旅游商品开发应坚持走由被动型向主动型转变、计划型向市场型转变、模糊型向标准型转变、短期型向长期型转变的可持续发展之路。     

国外开发欠发达地区的经验教训对中国西部城镇化的启示

美国、英国、日本、意大利、巴西等国先后对本国欠发达地区进行了开发建设。它们以城镇化为动力、大力发展城镇工业，已经取得许多成功经验，也有着深刻的教训。中国西部大开发可从国外开发欠发达地区的经验教训中受到启迪，以城镇化为增长点带动区域经济的全面发展，重视生态环境的保护和建设，加强以交通运输为重点的城镇基础设施建设，探索出西部地区城镇工业独特的发展道路，实现经济、社会和环境的可持续发展。     

‘Bringing government to the people’: women, local governance and community participation in South Africa

This paper considers the ongoing political transformations in South Africa in the context of debates about good governance and participatory democracy. It first appraises the current transformations of local government in South Africa, focusing specifically on relationships between gender equality and citizenship on the one hand, and local government policy, legislation, and community participation on the other, and then explores meanings of participation and how they inform approaches towards local socio-economic development. The findings of primary research conducted with civil society organisations and black women in communities in the Cape Town metropolitan area are explored through three interrelated themes. First, the model of structured participation that is central to South Africa’s democratic transformation is assessed from the perspective of black women. Second, cultures of alienation, both within local governance structures and amongst black women and the extent to which recent restructuring is combating or contributing to these are explored. Third, how participation policies are dealing with conflict within and between target groups are analysed, whether stakeholder group politics obliterate important differences in interests and whether alternative structures might be more effective in terms of women’s participation and empowerment. Finally, the findings are interpreted in relation to theoretical concepts of good governance and participatory democracy, and the potential and problems of realising South Africa’s transformation process toward developmental local government are assessed.     

中国西部退耕还林(草)和沙漠化土地绿化的区域性气候效应

中国正在实施的西部大开发必将导致较大规模的土地利用和地表覆盖(LULC)变化,其中最重要的两类LULC变化是退耕还林(草)和沙漠化土地绿化工程。利用最新的全球地表特征资料数据库(GLCCD)识别以上两项生态建设工程的实施规模与范围,并以此更新了目前比较流行的区域气候模式的下边界条件,利用修正了的区域气候模式研究上述大规模LULC变化可能对中国区域性气候造成的影响。使用的卫星资源数据库是由美国地质测绘局(USGS)和Nebraska-Lincoln大学牵头,根据NOAA卫星的AVHRR资料、USGS掌握的高分辨率数字化地图,以及生态区划和植被分布等资料组建的。