A graph deep learning method for landslide displacement prediction based on global navigation satellite system positioning

The accurate prediction of displacement is crucial for landslide deformation monitoring and early warning. This study focuses on a landslide in Wenzhou Belt Highway and proposes a novel multivariate landslide displacement prediction method that relies on graph deep learning and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning. First model the graph structure of the monitoring system based on the engineering positions of the GNSS monitoring points and build the adjacent matrix of graph nodes. Then construct the historical and predicted time series feature matrixes using the processed temporal data including GNSS displacement, rainfall, groundwater table and soil moisture content and the graph structure. Last introduce the state-of-the-art graph deep learning GTS (Graph for Time Series) model to improve the accuracy and reliability of landslide displacement prediction which utilizes the temporal-spatial dependency of the monitoring system. This approach outperforms previous studies that only learned temporal features from a single monitoring point and maximally weighs the prediction performance and the priori graph of the monitoring system. The proposed method performs better than SVM, XGBoost, LSTM and DCRNN models in terms of RMSE (1.35 mm), MAE (1.14 mm) and MAPE (0.25) evaluation metrics, which is provided to be effective in future landslide failure early warning.     

New electron energy transfer rates for vibrational excitation of N2

In this paper we present the results of a study of the electron cooling rate, the production rates of vibrationally excited N₂(v), and the production frequency of the N₂ vibrational quanta arising from the collisions of electrons with unexcited N₂(0) and vibrationally excited N₂(1) molecules as functions of the electron temperature. The electron energy transfer rates for vibrational excitation of N₂ have been calculated and fit to analytical expressions by use of the revised vibrationally excited N₂ cross sections. These new analytical expressions are available to the researcher for quick reference and accurate computer modeling with a minimum of calculations.     

地震作用下黄土斜坡的稳定性分析预测

基于对中国西部黄土地区大量地震滑坡实例的考察分析,对影响黄土斜坡稳定性的各类因素尤其是地震因素进行了分析,讨论了黄土斜坡滑裂面的产生机制及几何特征．在此基础上提出了一种基于随机搜索法和遗传算法确定黄土斜坡最危险滑裂面,进而对区域黄土地震滑坡进行预测的方法．以回回川滑坡为例进行了验证．结果表明,该方法具有较好的效果和实用性．     

Regional hydrological thresholds for landslides and floods in the Tiber River Basin (central Italy)

 The definition of landslide warning thresholds, based on the analysis of hydrological data, is proposed. In the Tiber River Basin of central Italy historical information on landslides and floods, for the period 1918–1990, was available from a nationwide bibliographical and archive inventory on geohydrological catastrophes. Hydrological data were obtained from mean daily discharge records at various gauging stations within the basin. Several hundred hydrological events, broadly defined as a series of consecutive days having mean daily discharge exceeding a predefined value, were identified. Hydrological parameters obtained from the discharge records were used to rank the events according to their probability to trigger mass movements or inundations and to define regional thresholds for the occurrence of landslides and floods. The proposed approach, not lacking limitations, has conceptual and operational advantages, among which is the possibility of using historical information on geohydrological catastrophes. Received: 20 November 1996 · Accepted: 25 June 1997     

昭通头寨沟特大型灾害性滑坡研究

昭通头寨沟滑坡具有启程剧动、行程高速、来势凶猛、破坏严重和灾害面广的特点。该滑坡是一个剧动式高速特大型岩质滑坡。本文分析了滑坡的成因和滑动的机制,根据滑坡运动后的残留痕迹和堆积地貌特征,认为头寨沟滑坡的运动方式和路径独具特点。通过对滑后斜坡稳定性的评价,说明滑坡部分残体仍有活动迹象,据此提出了滑坡的防治措施。     

金风村滑坡成灾特征与减灾分析

1997－07－1713：40,四川省兴文县的金风村因暴雨引发的小型山体滑坡,瞬间吞噬一小商店及两间村舍,造成53人死亡和40人受伤的严重灾害．据此探讨了此次灾害的成灾特征、减灾防灾对策和需要深思的其他问题．     

浅析升钟水库右总干渠石爬明渠填方段滑坡形成的原因

本文阐述了升钟水库右总干渠石爬明渠填方段滑坡的地质环境、规模及特征,分析了渗漏对填筑土、粉砂质泥岩C、值的影响,论述了红层丘陵区填方输水渠道滑坡形成的原因,计算了孔隙水压力、渗透压力对填方渠堤稳定性的影响,介绍了该区的防渗整治措施。     

云南省崩塌滑坡泥石流灾害及防治

对云南省崩塌,滑坡,泥石流灾害概况,时空分布特征,以及防治工作作了系统总结,并对今后的工作提出建议,对云南省的地质灾害研究及防治工作有参考意义。     

Landslide activity as a geoindicator in Italy: significance and new perspectives from remote sensing

Landslide activity responds to rapid environmental changes and represents a relevant geoindicator in mountainous or hilly areas. This paper discusses the socio-economic relevance of landslide hazard in Italy and the problems encountered in establishing relationships between landslide frequency, climate and vegetation changes at different time scales. Landslides blocking a river channel have been carefully taken into account because they are usually characterized by high intensities (with regard to the involved masses and movement velocities) and their occurrences are often datable via radiocarbon dating. This is due to the recovery of organic matter in the landslide dammed lakes. For these reasons they can be considered important geoindicators in the wider category of slope failures. The marked effects of the anthropogenic activity on slope instability processes in the last 50 years are discussed with reference to two case histories: the Chianti hills in Tuscany and the Cinque Terre National Park in Liguria. Finally, two novel techniques of remote sensing are proposed as tools for a systematic monitoring of slope instability at different time and spatial scales. Both techniques are based on the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technology and differ on the type of platform (satellite and ground-based) used to acquire data.     

The Cheam rock avalanche,Fraser Valley,British Columbia,Canada

The Cheam rock avalanche, which occurred about 5,000 years ago in the lower Fraser Valley, British Columbia, is the largest known catastrophic landslide in western Canada (175×10⁶ m³). A photo-draped digital elevation model of the rock avalanche reveals two morphologically distinct areas, an eastern area of arcuate hummocky ridges separated by flat-floored depressions and a lower western area with a subdued, gently rolling surface. Debris is up to 30 m thick and consists of rubbly, clast- and matrix-supported diamicton derived from local argillaceous metasedimentary rocks. Failure was probably caused by high pore water pressures on a thrust fault that daylights in the source area. Plastic deformation of sediment beneath the rock avalanche debris suggests that liquefaction occurred due to undrained loading when the debris struck the Cheam terrace. Liquefaction also explains the morphology and travel distance of the western debris lobe. The coincidence of well-sorted sands (the Popkum Series soil) with the rock avalanche debris indicates that significant amounts of water flowed over the surface of the landslide just after it came to rest. Stó:lõ Nation oral history suggests that the debris may have buried a village, causing the first known landslide fatalities in Canada.