松辽盆地北部嫩江组一段油页岩测井识别

利用松辽盆地北部地区的测井资料,总结出松辽盆地北部地区嫩江组一段（K₂n¹）油页岩测井响应特征.并优选参数,以深度700 m为界,建立了油页岩测井识别图版.图版精度在72.4%以上,为松辽盆地北部地区油页岩勘探开发提供了依据.     

区域综合地图集总体设计思路探析

区域综合地图集的编制已成为一个国家或地区综合制图水平的体现,其设计与制作仍然是最本质的内容。本文首先分析了在数字制图环境下,区域综合地图集的编制现状及特点,接着重点从可持续发展观、区域特色等5个方面阐述了区域综合地图集的总体设计思路,以此为区域综合地图集的编制总结理论与实践经验。     

Adsorption of Metal Ions onto the Chemically Modified Agricultural Waste

This paper discusses about the adsorption of metal ions such as Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), and Ni(II) from aqueous solution by sulfuric acid treated cashew nut shell (STCNS). The adsorption process depends on the solution pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial metal ions concentration, and temperature. The adsorption kinetics was relatively fast and equilibrium was reached at 30 min. The adsorption equilibrium follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity values of the modified cashew nut shell (CNS) for metal ions were 406.6 mg/g for Cu(II), 436.7 mg/g for Cd(II), 455.7 mg/g for Zn(II), and 456.3 mg/g for Ni(II). The thermodynamic study shows the adsorption of metal ions onto the STCNS was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The kinetics of metal ions adsorption onto the STCNS followed a pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. The external mass transfer controlled metal ions removal at the earlier stages and intraparticle diffusion at the later stages of adsorption. A Boyd kinetic plot confirms that the external mass transfer was the slowest step involved in the adsorption of metal ions onto the STCNS. A single‐stage batch adsorber was designed using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation.     

Wavelet-based generation of spatially correlated accelerograms

For the seismic analysis of complex or nonlinear extended structures, it is useful to generate a set of properly correlated earthquake accelerograms that are consistent with a specified seismic hazard. A new simulation approach is presented in this paper for the generation of ensembles of spatially correlated accelerograms such that the simulated motions are consistent with (i) a parent accelerogram in the sense of temporal variations in frequency content, (ii) a design spectrum in the mean sense, and (iii) with a given instantaneous coherency structure. The formulation is based on the extension of stochastic decomposition technique to wavelet domain via the method of spectral factorization. A complex variant of the modified Littlewood-Paley wavelet function is proposed for the wavelet-based representation of earthquake accelerograms, such that this explicitly brings out the phase information of the signal, besides being able to decompose it into component time-histories having energy in non-overlapping frequency bands. The proposed approach is illustrated by generating ensembles of accelerograms at four stations.     

锚索抗滑桩工程的优化设计研究

锚索抗滑桩与普通抗滑桩相比,其受力状态更加合理。本文通过建立合理的计算模型和计算简图,推导出锚索在桩身任意位置的计算公式,并编制程序实现弯矩和应力的计算,确定出最优的锚固角和最优的锚索位置,可以有效减小抗滑桩的弯矩,更加充分的发挥锚索的作用。文中最后结合延安宝塔山滑坡治理,给出了实际应用结果。     

航海通告编发模式的研究与进展

通过回顾改革开放以来航海通告发布工作的发展历程,重点是应用“航海通告数字化综合编辑出版系统”的情况,对航海通告编发技术的改进和发展进行全景分析,并对今后航海通告的发展提出设想。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article: USA, Eine Geographische Landeskunde , Vol. I, Der Grossraum in Strukturellem, Wandel, 3rd Ed. Helmut Blume . Introduction to Remote Sensing . James B. Campbell . The Sounds of People and Places: Readings in the Geography of American Folk and Popular Music . George O. Carney , ED. Development and Underdevelopment . John Cole . Mobility and Employment in Urban Southeast Asia: Example from Indonesia and the Philippines . Michael A. Costello , Thomas R. Leinbach , AND Richard Ulack . Soviet Asia: Economic Development and National Policy Choices . Leslie Dienes . The Third World City . David Drakakis -Smith . Scholars' Guide to Washington, DC for Cartography and Remote Sensing Imagery (maps, charts, aerial photographs, satellite images, cartographic literature and geographic information systems). Ralph E. Ehrenberg . Population and Development in the Third World . Allan AND Anne Findlay . The Early Mapping of Hawaii . Gary L. Fitzpatrick . Energetics of Physical Environment: Energetic Approaches to Physical Geography . K. J. Gregory , ED. Wildland Recreation: Ecology and Management . William E. Hammitt and David N. Cole . Agricultural Commercialization and Government Policy in Africa . J. Hinderink AND J. J. Sterkenburg . The Dynamics of American Housing . James W. Hughes AND George Sternlieb . Thailand: Buddhist Kingdom as Modern Nation State . Charles F. Keyes . Resolving Locational Conflict . Robert W. Lake , ED. Lands at Risk in the Third World: Local-level Perspectives . Peter D. Little and Michael M. Horowitz , EDS. Nathaniel Southgate Shaler and the Culture of American Science . David N. Livingstone . Regions: The Economics and Politics of Territory . Ann R. Markusen . Wetlands . William J. Mitsch and James G. Gosselink . Historical Geography: Progress and Prospect . Michael Pacione , ED. Loess and Periglacial Phenomena . Marton P$eacsi and Hugh M. French , EDS. Regional Management of Metropolitan Floodplains, Experience in the United States and Abroad . Rutherford H. Platt , ED. Human Cartography: Mapping the World of Man . Janos Szegö . Atlas of Great Lakes Indian History . Helen H. Tanner , ED. The Botany of Mangroves . P. B. Tomlinson . Urban Spatial Traffic Patterns . Rodney Vaughan . The Night After … Climatic and Biological Consequences of a Nuclear War . Yevgeni Velikhov , ED. Industrial Geography . H. D. Watts . Dictionary of Quotations in Geography . James O. Wheeler and Francis M. Sibley . Vermont Townscape . Norman Wiliams , Jr. , Edmund K. Kellogg and Peter M. Lavigne .     

城市地质图的特点编图原则方法

论述了城市地质图的主要特点、编图原则和方法, 其主要内容概括如下: (1)编制城市地质图的重要意义首先在于为不断完善和适应城市建设和发展的需要, 更好地使地质工作为城市建设总体规划和政府决策服务, 同时为具体工程设计和施工提供基础资料。其次为合理地开发利用城市土地资源、保护城市地质环境提供科学依据。(2)城市地质图是一个具有以专业地质规划目标与工程地质要求、城市发展总体效益评估为内容的系列图件, 是一个分别具有适应于地质专业人员、城市规划设计工程师和政府决策管理官员需要的多功能特点的系统性图件。(3)城市地质图编制原则, 第一在于客观性; 第二为评价性; 第三为预测性; 第四为实用性。前三项是前提和基础, 后者为目的。力求做到内容准确、明晰可读、易懂, 紧紧围绕城市规划设计和政府决策对地质技术的要求进行。(4)城市地质图包容了基础地质图类、分析评价图类、效益决策评估类三个等级的功能各异的图件, 在制图方法和程式上体现了图件的等级内容性质用途的统一、技术性与管理决策的统一。     

一个有限区嵌套细网格模式的设计及预报结果检验

在钱永甫等研制的ｐ－σ混合坐标系原始方程模式的基础上，建立、发展了一有限区域的单向影响嵌套细网格数值预报模式，并选取台风Ｗａｙｎｅ对应的天气形势演变过程为例，通过与ＭＭ４模式对同一例预报结果的比较分析以及统计学检验，对该模式的预报能力进行了验证。结果表明，该模式能够较好地预报实际天气形势的演变过程，各层大气高度场的预报结果与实况的相关系数都超过０．７４。和ＭＭ４对温压场的预测结果相对比，二者间只有