ISD单片语音录／放器件及电路设计

ＩＳＤ单片语音器件的独特之处，是有用直接模拟存储技术，语音信号以其原本的模拟形式直接存入模拟量存储器中并长远保存。省去了传统的Ａ／Ｄ和Ｄ／Ａ数模转换机制，能高保真的将语音内容再生。这是一种高新录／放技术。另外，给出的ＩＳＤ基本录／放电路十分简单易用。可方便地为微机系统、测控仪表、电器和广播等设备所采用，使设备具有高效功能。     

Recognition of design symbols from midship drawings

Despite the availability of 3D CAD systems, the designers in shipyards still use 2D CAD systems because of the need to produce drawings rapidly and a shortage of labor. The shipyard spends much time and labor analyzing the design information contained in 2D drawings and creating 3D model for the downstream processes. The design information is represented by symbols that are well known among designers in shipyard. Symbols are expressed by meaningless geometric shapes. These shapes are recognized to have meanings by analysis of experienced and knowledgeable designers.We propose a method for automatic recognition of 2D symbols and the extraction of design information from the midship drawings. The shape and rationale of 2D symbols used in ship design have been analyzed, and symbols have been classified according to the analysis. Based on the classified symbols, the developed system recognizes the symbols expressed in 2D drawings. The extracted design information is assorted by design rationales. The meaningless geometric shape is translated into the design information including designer's intents. The extracted design data can be applied to the design process in shipyards, and the 3D ship model can be automatically created.     

催化阴极溶出伏安法测定海水中的铁及实验条件的优化

电分析测定海水样品中的铁离子具有准确、快速的优点 ,通过拉丁方正交实验设计分析各个因子的影响 ,优化了催化阴极溶出伏安法的实验条件。分析表明催化电流受到 p H值的显著影响 ,而其它试剂的浓度及富集时间对峰高影响不显著 ,优化后方法的检出限为 6.5× 10 - 1 0 mol· dm- 3,线性范围在 1× 10 - 9mol· dm- 3至 1× 10 - 6 m ol·dm- 3。可应用于海水中痕量铁的分析。     

元洪港设计波高参数的推算和分析

根据福建元洪港无长期海浪和风观测资料及该水域的多岛礁地形的特征，以邻近的平潭海洋站３０ａ实测海浪资料，采用考虑底摩擦效应的浅水波浪折射数值模式进行港区设计波高计算，并与港工程规范算法相比较，得出码头，航道口门和航道中段的设计波高参数。     

滨海湿地公园旅游差异化设计

滨海湿地公园是保护滨海湿地的一种有效措施,旅游差异化是提高滨海湿地公园市场影响力、增强市场竞争力的有效方式。以迈克尔·波特的一般性战略理论为依据,针对滨海湿地公园规划设计中旅游产品竞争力问题进行深入研究,提出了滨海湿地公园规划设计的2个旅游差异化类型和4个差异化设计原则。条件差异化和创新差异化是滨海湿地公园规划设计中的两个旅游差异化类型,而"高度""深度""广度""亮度"的"四度"原则是实现旅游差异化产品设计的具体实施办法。     

面向服务的信息化测绘关键问题探讨

首先对信息化测绘的内涵进行了分析,提出了信息化测绘的服务本质,加强地理信息资源建设的关键任务,提出以数据库作为地理信息载体的观点;提出了信息化测绘建设的技术思路,总结了地理数据库的逻辑结构;对信息化测绘的组织运行方式提出了建议.     

闭合导线平差程序设计

根据导线近似平差原理,以Visual FoxPro 6.0为开发平台,设计导线平差程序.该程序可完成闭合导线的平面控制和高程控制平差,并能将平差结果根据不同需要生成多种格式文件导出,同时还能绘制导线图.     

A study of methods to estimate debris flow velocity

Debris flow velocities are commonly back-calculated from superelevation events which require subjective estimates of radii of curvature of bends in the debris flow channel or predicted using flow equations that require the selection of appropriate rheological models and material property inputs. This research investigated difficulties associated with the use of these conventional velocity estimation methods. Radii of curvature estimates were found to vary with the extent of the channel investigated and with the scale of the media used, and back-calculated velocities varied among different investigated locations along a channel. Distinct populations of Bingham properties were found to exist between those measured by laboratory tests and those back-calculated from field data; thus, laboratory-obtained values would not be representative of field-scale debris flow behavior. To avoid these difficulties with conventional methods, a new preliminary velocity estimation method is presented that statistically relates flow velocity to the channel slope and the flow depth. This method presents ranges of reasonable velocity predictions based on 30 previously measured velocities.     

Debris flow affecting the Cubatão Oil Refinery,Brazil

On February 6, 1994, a large debris flow developed because of intense rains in a 800-m-high mountain range called Serra do Cubatão, the local name for the Serra do Mar, located along the coast of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It affected the Presidente Bernardes Refinery, owned by Petrobrás, in Cubatão. The damages amounted to about US $40 million because of the muck cleaning, repairs, and 3-week interruption of the operations. This prompted Petrobrás to conduct studies, carried out by the authors, to develop protection works, which were done at a cost of approximately US $12 million. The paper describes the studies conducted on debris flow mechanics. A new criteria to define rainfall intensities that trigger debris flows is presented, as well as a correlation of slipped area with soil porosity and rain intensity. Also presented are (a) an actual grain size distribution of a deposited material, determined by laboratory and a large-scale field test, and (b) the size distribution of large boulders along the river bed. Based on theory, empirical experience and back-analysis of the events, the main parameters as the front velocity, the peak discharge and the volume of the transported sediments were determined in a rational basis for the design of the protection works. Finally, the paper describes the set of the protection works built, emphasizing their concept and function. They also included some low-cost innovative works.