无机碳与雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)细胞调节物质

以单细胞雨生红球藻为材料，采用酸碱滴定和CO2加富通气培养微藻的方法，对旧液中HCO3^-和CO3^2-浓度变化以及对红球藻细胞生长的影响进行了研究。结果表明，旧液具有限制红球藻细胞生长和诱导细胞转化的作用。同时，旧液中无机碳离子浓度明显高于新液。培养液中富含CO3^2-时，各细胞数量与CO3^2-浓度呈正相关，相关系数为0．88。溶液中仅有HCO3^-时，各细胞数与HCO3^-浓度也呈正相关性。因此，排除了CO3^2-和HCO3^-作为旧液中的调节物质，限制红球藻细胞生长和诱导细胞转化的可能性。旧液乙酸乙酯提取物生物检测实验表明，在粗提取物中有降低细胞增长和诱导细胞转化的活性，表明调节物质能溶于有机相，也反过来证实无机碳离子不是旧液中的调节物质。DNA含量和倍性分析结果表明，红球藻游动细胞DNA复制可以加倍后不经过原生质分裂就可以再次进行，因此推测旧液中的调节物质对原生质分裂过程产生抑制作用，而不对DNA复制过程产生抑制作用。     

埕岛油田数据基础重组及开发应用

从数据管理及后期应用的角度提出了数据平台的要领，讨论了该数据平台的物理结构、逻辑结构，在分类与组织的基础上给出了相应的数据字典。同时，还基于该平台探讨了测井曲线库及图形库的建设方法，并实现了具体功能。     

Physiological and behavioral responses of Bathynerita naticoidea (Gastropoda: Neritidae) and Methanoaricia dendrobranchiata (Polychaeta: Orbiniidae) to hypersaline conditions at a brine pool cold seep

Bathynerita naticoidea (Gastropoda: Neritidae) and Methanoaricia dendrobranchiata (Polychaeta: Orbiniidae) are two of the most abundant invertebrates associated with cold‐seep mussel beds in the Gulf of Mexico. At the methane seep known as Brine Pool NR‐1 (27 °43.415 N, 91 °16.756 W; 650 m depth), which is surrounded by a broad band of mussels (Bathymodiolus childressi), these species have distinctly different patterns of abundance, with the gastropod being found mostly at the outer edge of the mussel bed (average density in November 2003: 817 individuals·m⁻² in outer zone, 20·m⁻² in inner zone) and the polychaete being found almost exclusively near the inner edge (average density in November 2003: 3155 individuals·m⁻² in inner zone, 0·m⁻² in outer zone), adjacent to the brine pool itself. The salinity of the brine pool exceeds 120, so we hypothesized that M. dendrobranchiata should be more tolerant of high salinities than B. naticoidea. The opposite proved to be true. The gastropods were capable of withstanding salinities at least as high as 85, whereas the polychaetes died at salinities higher than 75. Both species were osmoconformers over the range of salinities (35–75) tested. Behavioral responses of B. naticoidea to salinities of 50, 60, and 70 were investigated in inverted vertical haloclines. Gastropods generally did not enter water of salinity greater than 60, but tolerated short periods at 60. Behavioral avoidance of brine should limit the vertical distribution of B. naticoidea in the inner zone to the top 2.5–5 cm of the mussel bed. Behavior is also a likely (though unproven) mechanism for controlling horizontal distribution of this species across the mussel bed. Methanoaricia dendrobranchiata can tolerate short excursions into the brine, but probably avoids hypersaline conditions by aggregating on the tops of the mussels.     

大气污染物质SO2对雾水酸度的控制作用

主要研究了青岛大气污染物质ＳＯ２对雾水酸度的控制作用，用实测结果统计得到雾得水ＰＨ值与Ｃｓｏ２的经验关系式，青岛、烟台等地雾水ｐＨ值与计算值吻合一致，表明统计关系的合理性。通过对青岛雾水中ＳＯ２清除率的估算，说明在青岛雾期，人为污染物质所占比值越高，其污染物质沉降百分率也越高，存留在大气雾中百分率就愈低。     

油田水动力系统与油气藏的形成

油田水中存在“沉积承压水”和“地表渗入水”两个相对独立而又相互作用的水动力系统,前者由上覆地层重量所引起的地静压力以及地静压力等引起的异常孔隙流体压力所形成,具有内循环承压式水交替特征,后者为大气降水和地表水向储集层的渗入而形成,以外循环渗入或水交替为特征。这两大系统（尤其是前者）的作用在很大程度上控制了含油气盆地中油气的运移、聚集和保存,油气聚集区主要位于水文地质带中的交管阻滞一停滞带内,沉积交替强度的低值区是油气富集区,沉积水的离心流使凹陷中的油气围绕凹陷中心呈带状分布。     

Behavioural Effects of Chemically Dispersed Oil and Subsequent Recovery in Diploria strigosa (Dana)

Abstract. Survival and behaviour of the hermatypic coral Diploria strigosa was studied during 6–24 h doses with water-accomodated fractions of chemically dispersed crude oil, and for a subsequent recovery period of 1 month. Experiments utilized a flow-through laboratory dosing procedure and incorporated petroleum hydrocarbon measurements in order to simulate a major but short-term oil spill in shallow subtidal benthic reef environments. Chemically dispersed oil treatments consisted of Arabian Light Crude oil with Corexit 9527 or BP1100WD at 1–20 ppm concentrations of oil.
In general, effects observed were sub-lethal, temporary, and associated with the highest concentrations tested. Responses to the presence of dispersed oil at 20ppm for 24 h included mesenterial filament extrusion, extreme tissue contraction, tentacle retraction and localized tissue rupture. The nature and severity of reactions during the dosing phase varied between colonies and treatments, but colonies typically resumed normal behaviour within 2 h to 4 d of the recovery period. It therefore seems unlikely that observed biological effects would impair long-term viability.     

南黄海夏季海水pCO2研究Ⅱ--下层海水涌升和长江冲淡水对海-气界面CO2通量的贡献

根据2001年7月对南黄海的大面积调查,研究了南黄海夏季pCO2的分布机制,着重讨论下层海水涌升和长江冲淡水对海-气界面CO2通量的贡献,并给出了南黄海海-气界面CO2通量。研究结果表明:夏季南黄海总体上是CO2的1个弱源,大约向大气中释放45.05×104t C。夏季南黄海表层海水pCO2分布表现出了极大的不均性,其汇区主要由长江冲淡水造成,影响区域占汇区吸收CO2的99.9%;而在源区,下层海水涌升虽然面积较小却占源区释放CO2的35.2%。可见陆架边缘海区源/汇格局的地域差异非常之特别。     

天然热释光技术在海洋油气田勘查中的应用

沉积物热释光能有效地反映海洋环境下深部油气田引起的微弱放射性异常。热释光在不同的测试粒级、不同的岩性中的丰度不同，结果为粗粒级＞细粒级、砂岩＞粉砂质砂岩＞泥质粉砂岩＞泥岩。热释光也与部分金属元素含量有关，Ti、Ba、Zn、Fe^3 /Fe^2 与热释光呈正相关关系。热释光与烃类也呈较强的正相关性。不同采用深度热释光测量结果表明，热释光剂量随沉积物的沉积深度和沉积时间的增加而增加，深层样的热释光对油气藏的指示效果更好。