江西南部白面石-东坑盆地A型火山岩的确定及地质意义

江西南部沿三南（全南县,龙南县,定南县）-寻邬（县）断裂带从东向西分布有东坑临江盆地和白面石盆地,其中中生代菖蒲组的流纹岩 Rb- Sr全岩等时线年龄为 165 Ma;主元素 SiO2偏高,平均为 71.35％;偏碱, Na2O＋ K2O较高 (6.19％～ 8.36％ ),且 K2O > Na2O;准铝到弱过铝质, ACNK平均为 0.99,稀土总量较高（ 251.37× 10－ 6～ 345.92× 10－ 6）。微量元素具明显的 Sr、 Ba、 Ti亏损,而 Zr、 Hf富集。表现出与 A型花岗岩相似的特征。因此,这是一套 A型火山岩。其ε Sr较高（ 68.98～ 99.98）,而ε Nd(－ 11.73～－ 11.92)非常低,表明其岩浆成因可能是地壳物质的部分熔融。     

Carbonatitic Volcanic Genesis of Hetaoqing Fe-Cu Deposit in Central Yunnan, China

Abstract. The Kunyang rift on western margin of Yangtze Platform is a continental rift, and also a rare Precambrian Fe-Cu mineralization zone in China. The Wuding-Lufeng mineralization area in the middle section of the rift is an important part of the zone, and an elliptic-shaped volcanic collapsed basin, controlled by a ring fracture system with carbonatitic volcanic rocks mainly occurring along the northwestern edge of the basin. The Hetaoqing Fe-Cu ore deposit at the western side of the basin is hosted in carbonatitic volcanic rocks and pyroclastic sedimentary rocks. The original ore bodies occur as layers, bands and lenses conformable to the host carbonatitic rocks. The ores usually appear as massive, impregnated and granular in carbonatitic rocks, and as brecciform and sandy in pyroclastic sedimentary rocks. Ore-forming minerals are magnetite, hematite, chalcopy-rite, bornite, pyrite, carrollite, molybdenite, cobaltite and skinnerite, and secondary minerals limonite, chalcocite, azurite, malachite and tenorite. Gangue minerals are calcite, dolomite, ankerite, common hornblende, arfvedsonite, augite, aegirine-augite, albite, phlogopite, biotite, chlorite and apatite. Evidences of mineral chemistry, trace elements and isotopic ratios of ores, as well as geological features, suggest that the original ores are igneous in origin. Chemical features of magnetites in the deposit belong to carbonatite type, and are similar to those from the Bayan Obo carbonatites. The ores are rich in iron, titanium, rare earth elements, niobium, tantalum, gold, silver, phosphor and sulfur. These features indicate that the Fe-Cu deposit associated with volcanic activity in the Wuding-Lufeng basin is alkali-carbonatite volcanic type.     

西天山阿吾拉勒地区下二叠统乌郎组火山岩地球化学特征及构造环境

西天山阿吾拉勒地区下二叠统乌郎组火山岩为一套陆相火山岩,主要由基性火山岩和酸性火山岩组成,中性火山熔岩较少,表现出双峰式火山岩特征.研究表明,下二叠统乌郎组经碰撞后松弛拉张,伊犁地块拉伸出现陆内火山裂谷环境,该组地层广泛夹持火山岩及火山碎屑岩,表明早中二叠世地壳活动频繁,局部地段地壳拉伸,产生同沉积断层,该断陷盆地经历发生、发展和消亡全过程.     

黑龙江省五大连池、科洛、二克山火山群富钾火山岩中的浅色矿物

本区富钾火山岩中浅色矿物有碱性长石、白榴石和霞石。碱性长石主要为钠透长石、钙歪长石,少数为钙钠透长石和歪长石,其光性变化与长石的地质时代和长石内部的隐条纹结构有关。白榴石的成分及产出方式主要与岩石中的SiO_2含量有关,SiO_2不饱和程度大的白榴苦橄岩的白榴石贫SiO_2;而SiO_2不饱和程度低的白榴碧玄岩和白榴玄武岩中,白榴石富SiO_2而稍贫K_2O+Na_2O,仅见于过渡相,而中心相由于水压较高和近于平衡的结晶条件,白榴石不能晶出,或先晶出后又与熔体反应形成碱性长石。     

大别山北缘西段双桥中生代火山岩地球化学及锆石U-Pb同位素年代学

首次对大别山北缘西段(河南省境内)中生代火山岩进行了锆石原位U-Pb同位素测年。结果表明,罗山县双桥火山岩集中区石英安山岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U/Pb年龄为133.1±1.5 Ma,与大别东段中生代火山岩主体毛坦厂组的时代一致,属早白垩世,稍早于或与大别山区大规模花岗岩岩基侵位时代相同;与长江中下游地区的宁芜和庐枞盆地火山岩喷发时间同步,可能同属中国东部中生代巨量岩浆活动的重要组成部分,与太平洋板块斜向俯冲引起的大陆岩石圈重力不稳而产生的拆沉导致岩石圈强烈减薄深部动力学过程相联系。大别山西段早白垩世火山岩属高钾钙碱性系列粗安岩-英安岩-流纹岩组合。中酸性火山岩显示轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素强烈亏损、弱或基本无负Eu异常的稀土元素配分模式以及高Sr低Yb特征,反映岩浆部分熔融源区残余有石榴石,说明当时存在加厚的成熟陆壳。高(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.707 56)、极低的εNd(t)(-20.1)和大离子亲石元素富集、高场强元素Nb、Ta明显亏损,显示岩浆源区的壳源性质。以上特征反映大别山地区该时期岩石圈伸展程度和软流圈上涌规模远不如长江中下游同时期以幔源为主的中基性火山岩发育的宁芜和庐枞地区。     

The Southward Extension of Cathaysia Block: Evidence from Zircon UPb Dates of Borehole Volcanics in the Northern South China Sea

Five Paleogene volcanics sampled from the northern South China Sea were analyzed via LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating,including basalt and andesite from Borehole SCSV1 and volcanic agglomerate from Borehole SCSV2,respectively.A total of 162 zircon U-Pb dates for them cover an age range from Neoarchean to Eocene,in which the pre-Paleocene data dominate.The Paleogene dates of 62.5±2.2 Ma and 42.1±2.9 Ma are associated with two igneous episodes prior to opening of South China Sea basin.Those pre-Paleocene zircons are inherited zircons mostly with magmatogenic oscillatory zones,and have REE features of crustal zircon.Zircon U-Pb dates of 2518–2481 Ma,1933– 1724 Ma,and 1094–1040 Ma from the SCSV1 volcanics,and 2810–2718 Ma,2458–2421 Ma,and 1850 –993.4 Ma from the SCSV2 volcanics reveal part of Precambrian evolution of the northern South China Sea,well comparable with age records dated from the Cathaysia block.The data of 927.0±6.9 Ma and 781±38 Ma dated from the SCSV2 coincide with amalgamation between Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks and breakup of the Rodinia,respectively.The age records of Caledonian orogeny from the Cathaysia block are widely found from our volcanic samples with concordant mean ages of 432.0±5.8 Ma from the SCSV1 and of 437±15 Ma from the SCSV2.The part of the northern South China Sea resembling the Cathaysia underwent Indosinian and Yanshannian tectonothermal events.Their age signatures from the SCSV1 cover 266.5±3.5 Ma,241.1±6.0 Ma,184.0±4.2 Ma,160.9±4.2 Ma and 102.8±2.6 Ma,and from the SCSV2 are 244±15 Ma,158.1±3.5 Ma,141±13 Ma and 96.3±2.1 Ma.Our pre-Paleogene U-Pb age spectra of zircons from the borehole volcanics indicate that the northern South China Sea underwent an evolution from formation of Precambrian basement,Caledonian orogeny,and Indosinian orogeny to Yanshannian magmatism.This process can be well comparable with the tectonic evolution of South China,largely supporting the areas of the northern South China Sea as part of southward extension of the Cathaysia.     

相山铀矿田成矿条件分析

笔者对相山铀矿田的研究发现：矿田的形成不仅是因为其具备有利的区域构造背景,处于两条深大断裂（表现为花岗岩带和火山岩带）复合而成的巨型构造结上,重要的还在于其具有良好的成矿地质环境,即矿田所处的是上叠式、简单二元结构的大型塌陷式火山盆地;有花岗岩侵入的富铀基底变质岩系与巨厚的富铀火山岩在空间上的叠置,为铀成矿准备了“铀源库”;切穿基底的主干构造、盖层构造、火山塌陷构造的复合为成矿（矿液运移及矿质堆积）创造了有利的空间;挤压逆冲构造形成的地质圈闭是相山铀矿田重要的保矿条件     

西准噶尔谢米斯台地区双峰式火山岩的发现及其地质意义

西准噶尔谢米斯台地区是研究准噶尔洋盆构造演化的关键地区,新发现的双峰式火山岩为开展研究提供了直接的载体,对其物质组成特征、岩石地球化学特征和锆石U Pb年代学等进行研究,判别成因机制和大地构造环境,对恢复造山带大地构造格局有着重要的意义。本次研究获得如下认识：该套双峰式火山岩为碱性玄武岩-钙碱性流纹岩组合,流纹岩LA ICP MS锆石U Pb年龄(4318±23) Ma;玄武岩来源于俯冲流体交代的地幔部分熔融,流纹岩来源于地壳物质的部分熔融;双峰式火山岩形成于早志留世弧后盆地初始演化阶段;结合前人的研究成果,认为西准噶尔谢米斯台地区在早古生代存在完整的沟-弧-盆体系。     

昆仑-黄河运动的时代下限:来自塔里木盆地南缘西域砾岩顶部火山岩~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar定年的约束

"昆仑-黄河运动"是发生在早、中更新世之交的一次强烈的构造运动,它使青藏高原现代构造地貌格局基本定型。以往对昆仑-黄河运动时限的研究,主要由黄河干流发育的阶地、昆仑山垭口地区羌塘组与望昆冰碛层等古地磁、ESR、TL等分析测试得出,缺少其他年代学约束。在塔里木盆地,昆仑-黄河运动表现为西域砾岩与乌苏群之间的角度不整合接触。本文通过对塔里木盆地南缘西域砾岩顶部的普鲁上层火山岩4个样品的全岩~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar定年,获得~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar坪年龄为1.03±0.05 Ma~1.20±0.05 Ma,加权平均年龄为1.1±0.1 Ma(n=4,MSWD=2.3)。这是首次应用~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar定年方法,获得昆仑-黄河运动的时代下限为1.1±0.1 Ma,与前人确定的昆仑-黄河运动时代下限在误差范围内一致,为我国西部新构造运动提供了重要的年代学约束。     

内蒙古满洲里地区中生代中基性火山岩成因及构造地质背景

内蒙古满洲里地区位于大兴安岭中生代火山岩带的中北段,晚侏罗世—早白垩世火山岩浆活动强烈,由于NE向切壳断裂长期活动,导致中基性火山岩沿断裂呈线状分布。就上侏罗统塔木兰沟组、上库力组中段及下白垩统伊列克得组中基性火山岩浆岩的组合、旋回和岩石地球化学等方面的特征,论证了该地区中生代中基性火山岩浆岩形成的构造地质背景和成因。因此,认为晚侏罗世中基性火山岩形成于板内拉张的构造环境,岩浆来源于上地幔,且有地壳物质混熔。