GIS发展的最新趋势及其应用前景

简要分析了目前ＧＩＳ研究领域的主要方向及其基本基本内容,其中包括组件（Ｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓ）ＧＩＳ、Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ或Ｉｎｔｅｒａｎｅｔ ＧＩＳ、Ｄａｔａ Ｗｓｒｅｈｏｕｓｉｎｇ、ＳＤＩ、３Ｄ ＧＩＳ、ＧＩＳ与多媒体数据的集成及虚拟现实技术等。阐述了ＧＩＳ的开发应用领域及其现状,最后对ＧＩＳ的开发应用提出一些建议。     

几种不同的GPS数据软件的对比

将GPS数据处理科研软件和商业软件进行了简要对比分析,着重从GPS基线解算和网平差两方面,讨论几种常用GPS静态数据处理软件在功能、基线解算和数据处理结果方面的差异,为使用不同GPS软件进行数据处理提供有益的参考。     

3维GIS面向对象数据模型的研究与应用

3维数据模型是3维GIS研究中亟待解决的一个核心问题。在充分分析现有3维数据模型的基础上，从实际应用出发，针对传统模型的不足，提出1种3维GIS面向对象数据模型，以解决空间不规则实体本身，以及实体间复杂关系的描述、表达和组织等关键问题，并给出此模型应用实例，证明此模型的可行性和实用性。     

江门市GIS建设的矢量化数据处理

结合江门市GIS工程建设中采用Epscan2.1进行地形图扫描矢量化的具体实践,对矢量化数据处理的几个突出问题作了阐述,提出了具体的解决思路与实现方法。     

Multi-threaded compression of Earth observation time-series data

ABSTRACT

Earth observation data are typically compressed using general-purpose single-threaded compression algorithms that operate at a fraction of the bandwidth of modern storage and processing systems. We present evidence that recently developed multi-threaded compression codecs offer substantial benefits over widely used single-threaded codecs in terms of compression efficiency when applied to a selection of moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) datasets stored in the HDF5 format. Compression codecs from the LZ77 and Rice families are shown to vary in efficacy when applied to different MODIS data products, highlighting the need for compression strategies to be tailored to different classes of data. We also introduce LPC-Rice, a new multi-threaded codec, that performs particularly well when applied to time-series data.     

国土移动地图系统实现与技术探讨

国土移动地图系统以数字城市地理空间框架为依托,基于数字城市地理信息公共平台发布的数据服务进行开发,供国土系统各单位使用,可以更为有效地利用数字城市的建设成果,大力促进国土部门的信息化建设水平。本文旨在探讨实现该系统过程中遇到的具体问题及解决方法。     

1∶10000到1∶25000跨平台地理底图缩编技术要点浅析——以东莞市虎门镇为例

传统的地理底图缩编是在不小于本比例尺地形图的基础上通过拼接、内容取舍与更新、制图综合与编辑等地图制作技术,获取符合成图比例尺要求的地形图的过程[1],但实际生产中遇到的问题往往复杂得多,会有数据不是同一平台的情况,如何保质保量且快速高效地进行缩编,是一个比较有难度的技术问题。本文通过在实际生产中探索和实践,总结出一些技术要点,这些技术要点被证明是有效且实用的。     

基于小波变换的单频GPS快速精密定位整周模糊度的解算

对于GPS短基线,载波相位双差观测量已基本消除了卫星轨道误差、钟差、大气折射误差等系统偏差的影响,主要包含距离观测量信息及随机测量误差,其中测量误差是高频的测量噪声,小波变换可将GPS载波相位双差观测量中的观测噪声(高频部分)分解出来。本文利用Coiflets小波基函数对GPS快速定位的原始载波相位双差观测量进行5层分解,通过重构第5层低频系数获得去除噪声的"干净"的载波相位双差观测量,然后利用"干净"的双差观测量进行最小二乘参数估计,以减小测量噪声对GPS快速定位病态方程解的扰动。计算结果表明该方法能够显著提高GPS快速定位中模糊度浮点解的精度,仅利用几个观测历元的数据就可以准确地固定模糊度。     

A review on reflective remote sensing and data assimilation techniques for enhanced agroecosystem modeling

During the last 50 years, the management of agroecosystems has been undergoing major changes to meet the growing demand for food, timber, fibre and fuel. As a result of this intensified use, the ecological status of many agroecosystems has been severely deteriorated. Modeling the behavior of agroecosystems is, therefore, of great help since it allows the definition of management strategies that maximize (crop) production while minimizing the environmental impacts. Remote sensing can support such modeling by offering information on the spatial and temporal variation of important canopy state variables which would be very difficult to obtain otherwise.In this paper, we present an overview of different methods that can be used to derive biophysical and biochemical canopy state variables from optical remote sensing data in the VNIR-SWIR regions. The overview is based on an extensive literature review where both statistical–empirical and physically based methods are discussed. Subsequently, the prevailing techniques of assimilating remote sensing data into agroecosystem models are outlined. The increasing complexity of data assimilation methods and of models describing agroecosystem functioning has significantly increased computational demands. For this reason, we include a short section on the potential of parallel processing to deal with the complex and computationally intensive algorithms described in the preceding sections.The studied literature reveals that many valuable techniques have been developed both for the retrieval of canopy state variables from reflective remote sensing data as for assimilating the retrieved variables in agroecosystem models. However, for agroecosystem modeling and remote sensing data assimilation to be commonly employed on a global operational basis, emphasis will have to be put on bridging the mismatch between data availability and accuracy on one hand, and model and user requirements on the other. This could be achieved by integrating imagery with different spatial, temporal, spectral, and angular resolutions, and the fusion of optical data with data of different origin, such as LIDAR and radar/microwave.     

房产价格时空演变分析

以时空数据模型及房产价格为研究对象,在同时满足基于特征和事件的空间时态数据模型基础上,结合数据库、统计分析、数据挖掘等技术创建基于位置(栅格)和对象(矢量)相结合的时空数据模型,实现了对马鞍山市房产价格的查询和管理.