中国大地构造区划及若干问题

在"新全球构造"思想的指导下,以板块构造学说为基础,以大陆动力学为线索,对中国区域地质构造和演化进行讨论并进行构造区划。由于板块构造随着时间的推移不断地发生变化,本文的构造区划以古生代时中国的板块构造格局为基础,同时考虑前古生代和后古生代时期中国的地壳构造演化,将中国划分为7个一级构造单元(板块)和30个二级构造单元,包括克拉通(或微陆块)和不同时期的造山带。在此基础上讨论了它们的边界和相互关系。     

STRESS-METAMORPHISM AND ISOTOPIC AGE OF SHEAR ZONE GRANITOID TECTONITES OF IRTYSH SHEAR ZONE (ALTAI REGION)

The Irtysh shear zone (ISZ) of Altai region is the lineament structure of the collision-suture type, where granites of Kalba complex and granodiorites of Zmeinogorsk complex are exposed to regional gneiss-formation and stress-metamorphic alterations. This study is based on detailed structural observations at special grounds using optical and electron microscopy, and on the behavior analysis of isotopic systems from altered granitoids.Within the ISZ area we have established the continuous rows of granitoid stress-metamorphism from initial recrystallization of protolite, its cataclasis and mechanical flaring up to complete recrystallization with alteration of mineral composition and formation of the streaky complexes of granite tectonites of blastomylonite and blastocataclasite types. The directed alteration of rocks has several impulse and is expressed by a change in morphology of mineral grains and their relations, magnification of deformation component in the rock structure, and formation of new mineral phases on the basis of initial ones without surface fluidization. At transformation of isotopic systems from granitoid, their feldspars,biotite and hornblende, we can observe “rejuvenation“ of the rock substrate from 270- 290 Ma for Kalba granitoids to 220-235 Ma for their tectonites, and for Rudny Altai granodiorites, their ages changes from 285-317 Ma to 232-257 Ma for their tectonites.     

农牧交错带气候变化对土地利用的影响及对策——以内蒙古伊金霍洛旗为例

文章讨论了农牧交错带典型区域的气候变化特点,并运用GIS技术分析了区域土地利用变化。在此基础上,分析了气候变化对土地利用结构的影响,并提出了应对策略。这些对策将促进农牧交错带社会经济增长和生态环境的改善,对实现区域的可持续发展具有重要意义。     

Post-Collisional Ductile Extensional Tectonic Framework in the UHP and HP Metamorphic Belts in the Dabie-Sulu Region, China

The present-day observable tectonic framework of the ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) and high-pressure (HP) metamorphic belts in the Dabie-Sulu region was dominantly formed by an extensional process, mostly between 200 and 170 Ma, following the Triassic collision between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze cratons. The framework that controls the present spatial distribution of UHP and HP metamorphic rocks in particular displays the typical features of a Cordilleran-type metamorphic core complex, in which at least four regional-scale, shallow-dipping detachment zones are recognized. Each of these detachment zones corresponds to a pressure gap of 0.5 to 2.0 GPa. The detachment zones separate the rocks exposed in the region into several petrotectonic units with different P-T conditions. The geometry and kinematics of both the detachment zones and the petrotectonic units show that the exhumation of UHP and HP metamorphic rocks in the Dabie-Sulu region was achieved, at least in part, by non-coaxial ductile flow in the mul     

CRUSTAL CONFIGURATION OF NW HIMALAYA: EVIDENCES FROM THE ISOSTATIC AND FLEXURAL ANALYSIS OF GRAVITY DATA

CRUSTAL CONFIGURATION OF NW HIMALAYA: EVIDENCES FROM THE ISOSTATIC AND FLEXURAL ANALYSIS OF GRAVITY DATA     

吉林省辉南地区含金韧性剪切带的构造地质特征

吉林省辉南地区韧性剪切带岩石变形特征复杂多样。通过对剪切带内岩石的有限应变测量和变形环境的分析,认为本区韧性剪切带发育在地壳浅层次的低温低压环境,为逆冲推覆韧性变形,其变形变质作用相当于低绿片岩相,具有独特的构造组合和岩石变形特征,差异应力值为４５－５４ＭＰａ,剪切位移量约为１２．５ｋｍ,形成时间为中元古宙。     

大同—怀安麻粒岩地体的伸展抬升

大同－怀安地区ＴＴＧ片麻岩和孔兹岩系早期具有互不相同的，但双彼此相关的构造和演压历史。它们之间的低角度高应变带以正韧性剪切和非共轴变形为特征，体出了构造接触的性质。构造和岩石学数据表明，该地体至少在２．５Ｇａ和１．８Ｇａ前后分别受到两个麻粒岩相变质事件的影响，其主要的构造是在Ｍ１事件中形成的。     

新疆阿合奇地区晚石炭世-早二叠世筵类动物群

在塔里木盆地西北缘的阿合奇地区晚石炭世-早二叠世地层中发现大量的筵类化石,共计18属61种,另有较多未定种,自下而上建立了4个筵带,依次为Pseudostaffella带、Profusulinella带、Fusulinella—Fusulina带和Pseudoschwagerma带。各篷带与华南、帕米尔达尔瓦兹等地能很好的对比,且筵类动物群面貌与华南地区相似。根据筵类化石确定别根他乌组为晚石炭世早中期罗苏期-达拉期,康克林组为晚石炭世晚期小独山期一早二叠世紫松期,将该区石炭系、二叠系的界线置于71层底部。石炭纪末期区域上海退和古地形的影响导致筵带Triticites带的缺失。     

地面资料在侦测暴雨天气过程中的应用

利用地面常规观测资料和自动站加密温度资料以及卫星云图资料,分析了2005年7月6—7日和7月9—10日发生在江淮流域及其附近的两次暴雨过程的地面要素分布特征,发现强降水带分布在非锋性斜压带和斜压槽附近。然后利用NCEP再分析资料,用第二类热成风螺旋度和非地转湿矢量诊断解释了非锋性斜压带和斜压槽产生强降水的动力机制,结果表明在地面非锋性斜压带和斜压槽处易发生锋生和斜压现象,从而诱发强降水。     

工程滑坡滑带土抗剪强度与地形坡度的关系

对 12个滑坡滑带土的抗剪强度和相应地形坡角进行了回归分析 ,发现滑带土的抗剪强度与地形坡角之间呈直线关系。