Optimization of grid-drilling using computer simulation

A computer simulation method has been developed to find efficient drilling grids for mineral deposits. A well-known ore deposit is used as a model to develop an efficient pattern for undiscovered ore bodies in the same area or in other prospects where similar geometry is suspected. The model for this study is the Austinville, Virginia deposit, a Mississippi Valley-type deposit composed of 17 ore bodies totaling 34 million short tons (30 million metric tons). The method employs a computer program that simulates drilling the model deposit with different patterns, including various levels of follow-up drilling. Follow-up holes are drilled in fences at one half the original spacing around holes in the grid that show ore-grade mineralization. Each pattern is drilled 100 times from random starting locations to provide a range of outcomes of drilling, including the best, worst, and most likely. For this study, patterns of 100 drill holes were composed of 10 fences spaced 1000–5000 feet (305–1524 m) apart, each with 10 holes spaced 200–1000 feet (61–305 m) apart. In all, 25 grids were used with zero to three levels of follow-up drilling. The 600/2000 grid, with drill holes spaced 600 feet (183 m) apart in fences spaced 2000 feet (610 m) apart, was compared with the 200/5000 grid because they represented contrasting outcomes. The 600/2000 grid penetrated many ore bodies consistently but with few multiple hits to individual ore bodies; whereas the 200/5000 grid inconsistently penetrated few ore bodies with many multiple hits. The 600/2000 grid was more efficient than the 200/5000 grid at hitting large ore bodies of 1,000,000 short tons or greater (900,000 metric tons or greater) and was made more effective by adding one cycle of follow-up drilling. The 600/2000 grid had a 97% chance of hitting one or more large ore bodies with at least one drill hole per ore body, and the 200/5000 grid had a 64% chance. Once hit, there was an 82% chance that the largest ore body would be penetrated by three or more holes when using the 600/2000 grid and an 88% chance using the 200/5000 grid.     

胜利二号极浅海步行坐底式钻井平台防腐措施研究

本文根据胜利二号极浅海步行坐底钻井平台的作业和工作环境特点，进行了防腐措施研究，设计了切合实际的防腐措施。该平台在海上作业近四年进坞修理，经观测防腐情况良好。     

浅海孔底锤击绳索取芯钻探工艺浅析

主要介绍了浅海海域锆钛砂矿勘查中采用孔底锤击绳索取芯钻探工艺的原理、注意事项并简单介绍工程实例。经实践证明该工艺具有较好的使用价值,可以推广到工程钻探中。     

小口径割管器的设计与应用

某盐井施工时,在245．00—270．00m孔段有25m钻具被水泥固结,进行透孔作业时,扫至孔深250．60m时,扫孔用岩心管被扫落的钻杆接头碎块卡住拧断,透孔时发现孔内遗留3．2m断岩心管、钻头等物。根据钻孔结构与遗留钻具的特点．自行设计一种主要由活塞柱、割刀片和复位弹簧组成的小口径割管器,将水泥固结钻具割断,并将钻具和多种残留管材打捞出孔。从割断后打捞上来的钻杆分析,钻杆切割面光滑、平整,钻杆被完全切透,说明此种割管器设计合理,各部件动作有效。     

标定大陆科学钻探孔区地震反射体

在中国大陆科学钻探孔区(江苏省东海县南部)进行了系统的地球物理调查,包括二维地震测网和专门的地震剖面,大地电磁法和位场方法等.地震调查表明,在超高压变质岩出露区上地壳充满了反射体,包括倾斜反射体与上拱的反射弧. 本文介绍大陆科学钻探先行研究中地震调查的成果.根据大陆科学钻探预先导孔的岩芯和测井资料、井旁VSP和数值模拟结果证实,高波速的榴辉岩体、破碎断裂带和大型韧性剪切带都可引起倾斜的地震反射,而上拱的弧形反射体则是由近似直立的榴辉岩体和其中的破碎带的综合反映.由于地壳深部广泛分布着经受变质的岩石,上述研究结果对标定地壳中的反射地震信号具有一定意义.     

沁水盆地煤层气提高钻井效率的技术措施

沁水盆地煤层气项目是全国已探明的大型整装煤层气田。由于煤层气低产出的特点,决定了煤层气施工将要围绕低成本、高效率运作方式进行钻井施工作业。对沁水盆地煤层气钻井的影响因素进行了分析,并结合工程实例论述了如何利用直螺杆与PDC钻头的复合钻进,钻铤与扶正器复合稳斜钻进等技术创新措施及煤层钻进时井内不垮塌和井斜不增加等技术手段,解决如何提高煤层气施工的钻井效率等问题,为今后在该地区的煤层气钻井施工提供有效的借鉴作用。     

浅谈提高地质岩心钻探质量指标的若干问题

结合新发布的地质岩心钻探规程中的钻探工程质量要求,通过多年来的生产实践,就如何提高钻探质量指标问题进行探讨,并浅谈几点认识.     

水平定向勘察技术在长大隧道勘察中的应用现状与展望

西南高山峡谷区是我国重大铁路交通工程规划建设的重点区域,如川藏铁路建设等,深埋、长大隧道数量多,常规垂直孔勘察方法无法满足精细化地质勘察的需求。采用水平定向勘察技术沿隧道设计轴线施工水平定向孔为隧道勘察提供了一种有效的手段。水平定向勘察技术的核心包括钻进技术、取心技术、钻孔轨迹控制技术、随钻测量/随钻测井技术、综合测井技术等。结合国内外水平定向勘察技术的发展应用现状,分析了目前存在的问题,提出了开展单次钻探长度超3000 m的水平定向多工艺钻进关键技术与装备攻关,构建安全、高效、经济合理的水平定向勘察技术体系的建议。     

Geoprobe直推式土壤钻机在涌砂层中的应用

本文介绍了Geoprobe7822DT、Geoprobe 8040DT、Geoprobe 3230DT三种型号直推式土壤钻机的结构、主要特点和应用情况,并与其他类型功能相近的取样钻机的使用效果进行了对比,分析了Geoprobe直推式土壤钻机在涌砂层钻进中存在护壁功能不足、整体稳定性较差、钻杆易损等主要问题,并对直推式土壤钻机后续的改进和使用提出了建议。     

页岩气地质调查皖含地1井施工工艺

皖含地1井是在和含巢逆冲推覆构造带中段巢湖背向斜构造带部署实施的一口地质调查井。目的在于获取巢湖-含山-无为地区奥陶系-志留系富有机质页岩的各类地质参数,为本区五峰组-高家边组页岩气资源潜力评价及有利区优选提供地质依据。本文主要阐述了皖含地1井的井区概况、钻探施工技术与施工工艺。施工中结合实际情况进行钻井质量控制,在钻进过程中合理调整钻进参数,有效控制钻井顶角,符合地质设计的目的。并对皖含地1井进行台效分析,为后期的钻探积累了经验。