新疆阿舍勒铜矿床深、边部及外围找矿试验

根据前期对阿舍勒铜矿床成矿规律的了解,结合钻探、化探及地质资料综合分析,可知矿区主要矿体Ⅰ号矿体北部呈隐伏状,并具有继续北延、深度逐渐加大的趋势,为深、边部找矿提供了良好的试验地点。本文介绍了激发极化法与可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)在探测深部硫多金属矿体中的优势及其工作方法;在试验区进行激电中梯、可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)组合勘探,测量结果充分验证了Ⅰ号矿体的北延趋势,可控源音频大地电磁法二维反演剖面较好的反应了Ⅰ号矿体"U"字型空间展布特征。     

直流电法仪原理及其在探测矿井积水灾害中的应用

介绍了DZ—IIA直流电法仪的组成、工作原理,对直流电法勘探技术预测矿井水文地质灾害危险技术进行了可行性分析,重点阐述了DZ—IIA直流电法仪在防治水方面的应用效果。     

短基线GPS控制网双差整周模糊度的直接解算方法

短基线GPS控制网双差整周模糊的直接解算方法(DC,D irect Calcu lation算法)可以避开"周跳的探测与修复"和"整周模糊度的搜索固定",是一种新的整周模糊度解算方法。在基线坐标满足一定条件的情况下,可以保证解算的L1,-1和L-3,4双差整周模糊度的浮点解与整数解之间的偏差小于0.5周,由浮点解直接四舍五入,进而可以直接解算L1双差整周模糊度。本文用自编软件解算了实测数据,验证了本文方法的实用性,并可获得与商用软件TGO精度相当的基线。     

隧道含水构造直流电阻率法超前探测研究

含导水构造和岩溶裂隙水的探查是亟需研究和解决的关键问题。直流电阻率法以其对低阻体反映敏感、分辨率高等优点被引入到隧道掌子面前方含水构造的预报工作中。首先,推导出了无限全空间中球体含水构造直流电法超前探测的解析解公式,并在利用有限元数值方法进行正演分析的基础上,借助“比较法”将含隧道腔体的三维空间中超前探测视电阻率数据转换为无限全空间中的数据,并探讨了由MN电极附近电阻率不均匀所造成的干扰以及识别和去除这种干扰的方法。然后,设计了基于全空间球体含水构造超前探测解析公式的阻尼最小二乘反演方法,对隧道中多组球体含水构造模型进行了较为成功的反演。另外,探讨了其他形状的有限体积的含水构造超前探测异常规律,提出了“等效球体”的概念,亦在全空间球体含水构造超前探测解析公式的基础上设计了快速反演方法。最后,利用物理模型试验验证了有限元数值正演方法和阻尼最小二乘反演技术的可行性和有效性,为实际工程中含水构造的直流电法超前预报奠定了基础。     

Resolution of 2D Wenner resistivity imaging as assessed by numerical modelling

Modelling of 2D resistivity imaging was done in order to understand the principle resolution of the technique in different geological situations, and for assessing the behaviour of the interpretation methods under controlled circumstances. The Wenner array was used throughout. The results show that the 1D approximation only provides reasonable results in environments with very gradual lateral resistivity changes, otherwise the result may be strongly misleading. Inversion using the 2D quasi-Newton technique results in adequate resolution of the structures in moderately complex environments, but the Gauss–Newton method holds a significant advantage in some complicated cases. The data density can also be of crucial importance for the resolution capability, notably of narrow structures.     

基于LAMBDA和DC算法的GPS单历元整周模糊度的快速确定

仅利用LAMBDA方法求解GPS单历元整周模糊度成功率不高,并且当接收卫星数较多时搜索空间较大。为此,采用TIKHONOV正则化方法削弱单历元模型法方程的病态性,并且基于协方差矩阵选择部分宽巷模糊度,先采用LAMBDA方法进行搜索,再利用高解算效率的DC算法解算剩余宽巷模糊度,最后通过两组不同线性组合的逆变换直接求取原始观测值L1和L2的整周模糊度。实验和计算表明,方法显著提高整周模糊度的搜索效率,并且提高模糊度搜索成功率。     

Seabed Ground Improvement in Coastal Reclamation Area by Heavy Tamping After Rockfilling Displacement

Considering the characteristics of seabed ground in coastal reclamation area, ultra soft clay improvement method by heavy tamping after rockfilling displacement was proposed combined with a case study. The improvement mechanisms of the method can primarily be attributed to rockfilling displacement (RD), dynamic compaction (DC), dynamic replacement (DR) and dynamic replacement and mixing (DRM). For the case study given in this article, heavy tamping construction program was proposed based on field pilot tests. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed ground improvement method was verified through in situ plate load test, sand fill test and the analyses of observed settlement data. Thus, the method of heavy tamping after rockfilling displacement is applicable for the improvement of seabed ground in coastal reclamation area. It is proposed for similar projects that heavy tamping of fills may be performed by layers and correspondingly tamping energy increased to further enhance the improvement effect of DC, DR and DRM. In addition, delayed improvement effect or time effect of soil mass after heavy tamping is still an issue to be further studied.     

海洋电场采集电极极差自动补偿方法设计

针对海洋电磁勘探的低频、微弱电场信号采集中电极与放大采集电路的耦合问题,提出了一种支持直流耦合的电极极差自动补偿放大采集电路设计方法,给出了系统设计实现,详细介绍了电极极差自动补偿放大采集电路和自动补偿控制算法.测试结果表明,所设计的电极极差自动补偿方法可将0.1～0.7 mV的电极极差自动补偿至0.043～0.074 mV,均控制在0.1 mV以内,满足了海洋电场采集直流耦合的需求,降低了电场采集电路对不极化Ag/AgC1电极的极差设计要求,可有效应用于海洋低频电场信号采集.     

井地电位法中变物性参数异常响应的模拟与分析

为了研究地下异常体几何及物性参数变化对井地电位法地表响应的影响规律,对垂直线源激励下的变物性参数地下异常体,采用三维有限单元法进行了正演模拟。经模拟结果表明,在浅部时异常形态清晰,随深度的增加,异常响应的形态变得模糊;地表异常响应对厚度反应不灵敏;对水平规模大小变化反应非常灵敏。这些规律将对油气田剩余油分布和注水推进前沿的确定,以及井地电位仪器分辨率的设计提供指导作用,并为井地电位法反演成像奠定相关基础。