塔里木盆地白垩系巴什基奇克组陆相砂岩中碳酸盐岩碎屑特征及其地质意义

从储层的微观特征入手,通过各种实验分析认为:塔里木盆地库车坳陷—塔北隆起白垩系巴什基奇克组砂岩中的碳酸盐岩碎屑有五大特征,明显区别于胶结物:粒度粗,一般比其周围的原生孔隙大,磨圆好（个别有晚期压溶现象）,轮廓清晰;在砂岩中分布相对均匀,非斑块状;碎屑中存在古生物的化石且多为粉细晶;胶结物（铁方解石、铁白云石）多附着在碎屑边缘呈加大边出现,染色有明显变化;灰岩、云岩碎屑在阴极射线下发桔黄色光。碳酸盐岩碎屑的分布具有近源粒度粗、含量低、分选差、磨圆差、均质差;远源粒度细、含量高、分选好、磨圆好、均质好;浅埋粒形好、深埋压溶强的特征。物源区发育的古老碳酸盐岩地层,干旱、炎热、近咸化的古气候、古水体环境,近源快速堆积的古地理环境是碳酸盐岩碎屑的主要成因。碳酸盐岩碎屑的识别和量化具有重要的地质意义:其减孔效应明显低于胶结物,可有效解释高含量碳酸盐高物性砂岩成因,其分布是界定沉积物源区的有效证据。     

长江三峡地区的夷平面在宜昌地区白垩纪—第四纪沉积物中的反映

通过对湖北宜昌地区白垩纪-第四纪沉积演化的研究,发现存在3个明显的沉积旋回,每个旋回由下部颗粒粗大的砾石层和上部颗粒较细小的粉砂-泥质层组成。3个沉积旋回对应了宜昌以西三峡地区3期构造演化旋回,同时反映了三峡地区3期夷平面的存在。结合前人研究结果、古生物化石和对第四系善溪窑组的测年数据,认为3期夷平面形成时代分别为:鄂西期夷平面形成于白垩纪晚期-古近纪的始新世,山原期夷平面形成于上新世-早更新世初,云梦期夷平面形成于早更新世末-中更新世早期。     

Evolution of species diversity of Cretaceous radiolarians from high-latitude paleobiochores

Cretaceous radiolarians of the Boreal regions are considered. Their minimal diversity and low abundance are recorded in stratigraphic intervals corresponding to anoxic events. Paleogeographic and ecostratigraphic distribution trends of Cretaceous radiolarians are established for families Heliodiscidae, Prunobrachidae, Pseudoaulophacidae and some others. The most significant turnovers in evolution of radiolarians are confined to the latest Jurassic-earliest Cretaceous, Albian-Cenomanian, Cenomanian-Turonian, terminal Santonian-earliest Campanian transitions and to the terminal Late Cretaceous.     

跑马岗组时代涉及的若干重大问题

湖北当阳新店—跑马岗剖面的跑马岗组跨白垩系与古近系 ,所含轮藻、介形类化石的丰富程度极为罕见。跑马岗组的时代问题与白垩系 -古近系界线及其陆相辅助层型的建立、印度德干玄武岩沉积夹层的时代、印度与亚洲大陆联合的时代和白垩系 -古近系界线事件起因假说等数个重大地学问题 ,以及江汉盆地深层油气资源评价密切相关 ,值得重视 ,尽早搞清     

Cretaceous and Tertiary terrane accretion in the Cordillera Occidental of the Andes of Ecuador

New field, geochronological, geochemical and biostratigraphical data indicate that the central and northern parts of the Cordillera Occidental of the Andes of Ecuador comprise two terranes. The older (Pallatanga) terrane consists of an early to late (?) Cretaceous oceanic plateau suite, late Cretaceous marine turbidites derived from an unknown basaltic to andesitic volcanic source, and a tectonic mélange of probable late Cretaceous age. The younger (Macuchi) terrane consists of a volcanosedimentary island arc sequence, derived from a basaltic to andesitic source. A previously unidentified, regionally important dextral shear zone named the Chimbo-Toachi shear zone separates the two terranes. Regional evidence suggests that the Pallatanga terrane was accreted to the continental margin (the already accreted Cordillera Real) in Campanian times, producing a tectonic mélange in the suture zone. The Macuchi terrane was accreted to the Pallatanga terrane along the Chimbo-Toachi shear zone during the late Eocene, probably in a dextral shear regime. The correlation of Cretaceous rocks and accretionary events in the Cordillera Occidental of Ecuador and Colombia remains problematical, but the late Eocene event is recognised along the northern Andean margin.     

伊拉克A油田白垩系孔隙型生屑灰岩高渗透层成因及分布特征

伊拉克A油田白垩系孔隙型碳酸盐岩高渗透储层具有分布普遍、类型复杂、成因多样等特征。岩石类型主要为泥晶生屑砂屑灰岩、亮晶生屑砂屑灰岩及泥晶生屑灰岩;生物扰动加剧了碳酸盐岩储层非均质性,导致高渗透储层在全油田广泛分布。通过岩心观察、常规薄片和铸体薄片的观察和测量,孔隙度、渗透率和毛管压力的测定,综合区域地质研究成果,发现高渗层的形成受层序演化、次级相对海平面变化、沉积环境、硬底形成、生物扰动及(准)同生期暴露淋滤等复杂多因素共同控制。高渗透储层形成模式表现为Khasib组沉积时期为晚高位域期,在Kh2-1-2L段上部沉积过程中,发生首次次级相对海平面下降,形成沉积间断。沉积间断期间硬底和区域规模性的生物扰动同时发育,在Kh2-1-2L段硬底尚未被胶结的相对疏松的基质中掘穴,形成厚几十厘米、迂曲状互相贯通的生物扰动通道。沉积间断结束后,在晚期高位域层序背景下,次级相对海平面上升,松散生屑砂屑充填扰动通道。由于沉积物堆积速率较快,限制了胶结作用的发生,使扰动通道内充填物能够发育连通性好的粒间孔,而后次级相对海平面再次下降,发生(准)同生期暴露淋滤。由于扰动部位连通性好,成为溶蚀流体优势通道,导致沿扰动部位发育溶孔及扩溶缝,形成了“粒间孔+溶孔+溶缝”高渗透网络。A油田高渗透储层物性表现出发育强烈生物扰动的部位具有明显高渗特征,其孔喉较粗,排驱压力低,孔喉配位数高、连通性好。高渗层全区稳定发育,由西至东厚度逐渐增大,高渗层的分布对油田单井产量、含水上升和油田采出程度影响较大。     

Biofacies of Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sediments of central West Siberia

Paleontological study of Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sediments recovered by boreholes in the Agan-Vakh and Nadym-Vengapur interfluves clarified environments of their deposition. As is shown, influx of siliciclastic material to central areas of the West Siberian sea basin varied through time. Taxonomic composition and ecological structure of nektonic and benthic fossil assemblages are analyzed and considered in terms of environmental factors such as hydrodynamics, aeration, temperature, and salinity of seawater.     

Berriasian (Lower Cretaceous) brachiopods from the Crimea

Four successive assemblages of Berriasian brachiopods distinguished for the first time in the Crimea are correlated with concurrent subdivisions of the ammonoid scale. Berriasian brachiopods are represented by 44 species of 27 genera and 14 families, which are most complete in terms of taxonomic composition as compared to other concurrent brachiopod faunas known elsewhere. The assemblages are dominated by local species. As is proved, the Berriasian brachiopods studied are appropriate for age determination, subdivision and correlation of their host deposits. Their geographic distribution that has been analyzed elucidates connections of the Berriasian sea basins within the Mediterranean paleozoogeographic region.     

Reservoir potential of Late Cretaceous terrestrial to shallow marine sandstones,Taranaki Basin,New Zealand

Late Cretaceous coals and coaly source rocks are the main source of hydrocarbons in the Taranaki Basin, yet to date there have not been any hydrocarbon discoveries within Cretaceous strata, and sandstone distribution and reservoir quality for this interval have been poorly understood. The Late Cretaceous sediments were deposited in several sub-basins across Taranaki, with their distribution largely determined by sediment supply, subsidence, and sea level change. In this study, we describe potential reservoir facies in well penetrations of Cretaceous strata in Taranaki, as well as from outcrop in northwest Nelson, on the southern edge of the basin.     

论江苏东海早白垩世地层

主要论述了江苏东海南古寨村一带产恐龙足印化石地层的岩石地层归属和地质时代,认为这套地层应归于大盛群,而不宜归于青山群或孟疃组,时代为早白垩世晚期。江苏东海南古寨村一带大量恐龙足印化石的发现不仅填补了江苏不产恐龙化石的空白,而且也为该县增添了新的旅游资源。