内蒙古察哈尔右翼中旗红谷地貌

随着社会的进步,人们更深地爱上了大自然鬼斧神工雕塑出来的地质景观.鉴别、发现、建设地质公园是地质工作者的一项重要责任,它增加了地质学的内涵.在乌兰察布市地质公园的建设中,笔者等深入偏远山区调查,发现了一片没有被报道的由红色沉积岩和山谷构成的地貌,可作为当地旅游经济发展的一个新亮点.     

对德格县加多措岩体的初步研究

加多措岩体因逆冲推覆断裂切割、肢解而分布于三个不同的逆冲推覆岩席之上,且产出形态多样。经对比研究,建立了岩石谱系单位;经条件分析,成岩时代及岩性对比,划分了四个单元,归并为一个超单元。探讨了成份极性特征,并确定甘孜－理塘结合带的俯冲方向是由东向西。     

New aspects of plasma sheet dynamics - MHD and kinetic theory

Magnetic reconnection is a process of fundamental importance for the dynamics of the Earth’s plasma sheet. In this context, the development of thin current sheets in the near-Earth plasma sheet is a topic of special interest because they could be a possible cause of microscopic fluctuations acting as collective non-idealness from a macroscopic point of view. Simulations of the near-Earth plasma sheet including boundary perturbations due to localized inflow through the northern (or southern) plasma sheet boundary show developing thin current sheets in the near-Earth plasma sheet about 8–10 R_E tailwards of the Earth. This location is largely independent from the localization of the perturbation. The second part of the paper deals with the problem of the macroscopic non-ideal consequences of microscopic fluctuations. A new model is presented that allows the quantitative calculation of macroscopic non-idealness without considering details of microscopic instabilities or turbulence. This model is only based on the assumption of a strongly fluctuating, mixing dynamics on microscopic scales in phase space. The result of this approach is an expression for anomalous non-idealness formally similar to the Krook resistivity but now describing the macroscopic consequences of collective microscopic fluctuations, not of collisions.     

SPR-1型排桩钻机的研制

介绍了一种国产新型排桩钻机的技术参数、设备结构及用于排桩连续墙施工和钻孔压注成桩法施工的特点。     

Modelling of electromagnetic fields in thin heterogeneous layers with application to field generation by volcanoes—theory and example

When interpreting electromagnetic fields observed at the Earth's surface in a realistic geophysical environment it is often necessary to pay special attention to the effects caused by inhomogeneities of the subsurface sedimentary and/or water layer and by inhomogeneities of the Earth's crust. The inhomogeneities of the Earth's crust are expected to be especially important when the electromagnetic field is generated by a source located in a magma chamber of a volcano. The simulation of such effects can be carried out using generalized thin-sheet models, which were independently introduced by Dmitriev (1969 ) and Ranganayaki & Madden (1980 ). In the first part of the paper, a system of integral equations is derived for the horizontal current that flows in the subsurface inhomogeneous conductive layer and for the vertical current crossing the inhomogeneous resistive layer representing the Earth's mantle. The terms relating to the finite thickness of the laterally inhomogeneous part of the model are retained in the equations. This only marginally complicates the equations, whilst allowing for a significant expansion of the approximation limits.
  The system of integral equations is solved using the iterative dissipative method developed by the authors in the period from 1978 to 1988. The method can be applied to the simulation of the electromagnetic field in an arbitrary inhomogeneous medium that dissipates the electromagnetic energy. When considered on a finite numerical grid, the integral equations are reduced to a system of linear equations that possess the same contraction properties as the original equations. As a result, the rate at which the iterative-perturbation sequence converges to the solution remains independent of the numerical grid used for the calculations. In contrast to previous publications on the method, aspects of the algorithm implementation that guarantee its effectiveness and robustness are discussed here.     

中国南极第三次内陆冰盖考察剖面的雪貌及气象特征

给出了中国第三次南极考察的线路图、纵断面图及距离中山站 68～ 4 64km路段的表面年积雪状况图 ,分析了海拔高度的测定精度。同时 ,就考察剖面的雪貌及常规气象 (包括大气温度、湿度、气压和风速等 )特征进行了描述。     

Reservoir characterization of Scollard-age fluvial sandstones,Alberta foredeep

A detailed laboratory study of 53 sandstone samples from 23 outcrops and 156 conventional core samples from the Maastrichtian-Paleocene Scollard-age fluvial strata in the Western Canada foredeep was undertaken to investigate the reservoir characteristics and to determine the effect of diagenesis on reservoir quality. The sandstones are predominantly litharenites and sublitharenites, which accumulated in a variety of fluvial environments. The porosity of the sandstones is both syn-depositional and diagenetic in origin. Laboratory analyses indicate that porosity in sandstones from outcrop samples with less than 5% calcite cement averages 14%, with a mean permeability of 16 mD. In contrast, sandstones with greater than 5% calcite cement average 7.9% porosity, with a mean permeability of 6.17 mD. The core porosity averages 17% with 41 mD permeability. Cementation coupled with compaction had an important effect in the destruction of porosity after sedimentation and burial. The reservoir quality of sandstones is also severely reduced where the pore-lining clays are abundant (>15%). The potential of a sandstone to serve as a reservoir for producible hydrocarbons is strongly related to the sandstone’s diagenetic history. Three diagenetic stages are identified: eodiagenesis before effective burial, mesodiagenesis during burial, and telodiagenesis during exposure after burial. Eodiagenesis resulted in mechanical compaction, calcite cementation, kaolinite and smectite formation, and dissolution of chemically unstable grains. Mesodiagenesis resulted in chemical compaction, precipitation of calcite cement, quartz overgrowths, and the formation of authigenic clays such as chlorite, dickite, and illite. Finally, telodiagenesis seems to have had less effect on reservoir properties, even though it resulted in the precipitation of some kaolinite and the partial dissolution of feldspar.     

嵌入式GIS平台提升矢量地图操作速度的数据存储与管理技术的研究

矢量地图数据存储与管理技术是嵌入式G IS系统的重要研究内容,结合电子地图工作模式和地图数据访问特点,在常见的图幅分块和数据分级基础上,提出建立实体附加检索数据区和实体详细属性数据区;同时引入超块单元,并对超块内地图数据重新组织,从而使得人机交互时,数据定位时间缩短,数据读取冗余量减少,矢量地图操作性能表现更好。     

铸体薄片图像分析法求取储层孔隙度

在石油勘探工程中,储层孔隙度是进行油气预测、油气储量计算的重要参数。根据测井铸体薄片图像资料,在传统BP网络模型的基础上提出了一种基于灰色关联约束的BP神经网络改进模型。对铸体薄片图像进行孔隙识别、统计,进而自动判读储层孔隙度。研究和实验表明,该方法对储层孔隙度的分析、判读更具合理性和实用性。     

An Improved Method for Modeling Spatial Distribution of δD in Surface Snow over Antarctic Ice Sheet

Using the recent compilation of the isotopic composition data of surface snow of Antarctic ice sheet, we proposed an improved interpolation method of δD, which utilizes geographical factors (i.e., latitude and altitude) as the primary predictors and incorporates inverse distance weighting (IDW) technique. The method was applied to a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) to produce a grid map of multi-year mean δD values with 1km spatial resolution for Antarctic& The mean absolute deviation between observed and estimated data in the map is about 5.4‰, and the standard deviation is 9‰. The resulting δD pattern resembles well known characteristics such as the depletion of the heavy isotopes with increasing latitude and distance from coast line, but also reveals the complex topographic effects.