Crystallization and impact history of a meteoritic sample of early lunar crust(NWA 3163)refined by atom probe geochronology

Granulitic lunar meteorites offer rare insights into the timing and nature of igneous,metamorphic and impact processes in the lunar crust.Accurately dating the different events recorded by these materials is very challenging,however,due to low trace element abundances(e.g.Sm,Nd,Lu,Hf),rare micrometerscale U-Th-bearing accessory minerals,and disturbed Ar-Ar systematics following a multi-stage history of shock and thermal metamorphism.Here we report on micro-baddeleyite grains in granulitic mafic breccia NWA 3163 for the first time and show that targeted microstructural analysis(electron backscatter diffraction)and nanoscale geochronology(atom probe tomography)can overcome these barriers to lunar chronology.A twinned(～90°/401)baddeleyite domain yields a ~(232)Th/~(208)Pb age of 4328 ± 309 Ma,which overlaps with a robust secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS)~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb age of 4308 ± 18.6 Ma and is interpreted here as the crystallization age for the igneous protolith of NWA 3163.A second microstructural domain,2μm in width,contains patchy overprinting baddeleyite and yields a Th-Pb age of 2175 ±143 Ma,interpreted as dating the last substantial impact event to affect the sample.This finding demonstrates the potential of combining microstructural characterization with nanoscale geochronology when resolving complex P-T-t histories in planetary materials,here yielding the oldest measured crystallization age for components of lunar granulite NWA 3163 and placing further constraints on the formation and evolution of lunar crust.     

滑脱型潜山成藏研究--以沾化凹陷渤深6潜山为例

渤深6潜山于早第三纪初期与埕东凸起分离,沿边界断层滑脱至渤南洼陷,后期为第三系覆盖,是济阳坳陷中典型的滑脱型潜山.在多期构造运动及古岩溶作用下,潜山中以碳酸盐岩为主的下古生界形成良好的储集空间.渤南洼陷中沙三段烃源岩为潜山提供了充足的油源,潜山内幕发育的断层为油气的运移提供了良好的通道,从而在潜山顶部形成风化壳油藏,而在潜山内幕则形成层状油藏.该潜山油气藏具有埋藏深、破碎严重、含油层系多、单井产能高且不含水的特点.研究渤深6潜山的成藏机制对指导断陷盆地深层滑脱型潜山油气藏的勘探具有指导意义.     

Cr(Ⅵ)抗性菌株的筛选及其Cr(Ⅵ)去除特性研究

采用微生物分离纯化方法,从制革厂含铬污泥中筛选分离Cr (Ⅵ)抗性菌株,并研究菌株对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除能力.共分离得到对50 mg/L Cr(Ⅵ)去除率大于50%的菌株20株,16S rRNA基因测序结果表明这些细菌主要属于Acinetobacter、 Microbacterium、Leucobacter、Ochrobactrum和Brachymonas属.对其中7株细菌,考察了菌株生长期、pH值和Cr(Ⅵ)浓度对菌株去除Cr(Ⅵ)效果的影响,结果表明,细胞在有较高代谢活性的条件下具较高的Cr(Ⅵ)去除能力;pH值对菌株去除Cr(Ⅵ)的能力具有显著影响,在50 mg/L Cr(Ⅵ)、pH值为7～8的条件下,Microbacterium属16号和21号菌株在36 h时对Cr (Ⅵ)的去除率达80%～95%;高浓度的Cr(Ⅵ)抑制菌株对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除能力,其中21号菌株在110 mg/L的Cr(Ⅵ)浓度下去除效果最佳,Cr(Ⅵ)去除率达80%.     

一株海洋细菌YCSC6的鉴定及其体外杀盾纤毛虫的能力

为开发安全、高效的防治大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)盾纤毛虫(scuticociliate)病新型药物,本研究从近海微生物菌种资源库中筛选获得了一株有杀盾纤毛虫效果的细菌,利用形态学和分子生物学方法鉴定该菌为肋生盐弧菌(Salinivibrio costicola),通过共培养实验进行YCSC6杀灭大菱鲆病原性盾纤毛虫的药效活性实验,同时利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察记录YCSC6的杀虫特征。结果发现海洋细菌YCSC6发酵上清液可导致盾纤毛虫膜出现穿孔,膜完整性丧失从而裂解,在一定时间内,发酵液发酵时间越长,裂解能力越强。本研究从安全、高效的角度出发,筛得一株可裂解盾纤毛虫的海洋细菌YCSC6,并初步探究了其杀虫特征及能力,为养殖渔业微生物杀虫剂的开发提供了安全有效的来源。     

鄂尔多斯盆地黄陵地区长6油层组流体过剩压力与油气运移研究

随着鄂尔多斯盆地黄陵地区油气勘探的不断推进,加深长6油层组石油运移、成藏的认识对指导进一步的勘探开发十分必要。通过对黄陵地区延长组流体过剩的计算,以及运移通道、运移方向和长 6油藏形成时油气运移特征的研究结果表明,黄陵地区长7油层组具有远大于长6油层组的过剩压力分布,两者之间过剩压力差平均为344 MPa,过剩压力差值为长 7 油气向长6 油层组储层运移的主要动力。油气从长7烃源岩排出后,在过剩压力驱动下沿通道体系向优质砂体展布上倾方向孔隙剩余压力的减小方向运移,遇到合适的圈闭聚集成藏。     

Seasonal and spatial characteristics of seawater and sediment at Youngil Bay, southeast coast of Korea

The seasonal geochemical characteristics of the seawater and sediments and the major factors causing heavy metal contamination were investigated at the Youngil bay and the Hyungsan river estuary in the Southeast Coast of Korea, where a world-scale steel-industry complex (Pohang iron and steel industrial complex, POSCO) is located. The seasonal and spatial distribution characteristics of temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, and nutrients of the seawater were studied at 45 fixed stations, especially focusing on the river mouth area. Sediments at 27 stations were examined during winter and summer to determine the major controlling factors for the distribution of metals, using correlation matrix and R-mode factor analyses, and to evaluate the pollution status, using the modified geoaccumulation (I(geo)(')) index. Temperatures for the effluent from the POSCO located at the Hyungsan river mouth were 2-3 degrees C higher compared to other sampling areas, due to the thermal discharge from the POSCO. The DO concentration of the surface water at the Pohang old port was as low as 2-4 mg/L. In spring, the DO value at the Hyungsan river mouth was higher than 12 mg/L, by the mass multiplication of phytoplanktons at the river mouth where seawater temperature and nutrients concentrations were relatively high, resulting in the pH value of higher than 8.3. The nitrogen to phosphorus (N/P) ratios at the river mouth were 20-150 times higher compared to other areas, implying that the nitrogen loading into this semi-enclosed bay is significantly higher than phosphorus and the major nitrogen sources are not only the domestic sewage from the city but the industrial wastewater from the POSCO and other steel factories nearby. The phosphorus concentrations at the Pohang old port were shown 3-10 times higher than those at other stations, due to the inflow of pollutants generated from the nearby ships anchoring and the release of phosphate from the bottom sediment. Results from the sediment analysis showed that the major controlling factors for the distribution pattern of each metal are grain size and organic carbon (C(org)) content. Based on the factor analysis, Al, Fe, Cr, Li, and Pb were shown strongly correlated with the mean grain size (Mz), whereas Cd, Cu, Zn, and Sn with the C(org) content. Results from the fractionation of the sedimentary metals into lattice and labile fractions to characterize the mobility of sediment metals showed that the mineral lattice fraction was high in the order of Al=K>Cr>Li>Sr>Fe, while the labile fraction, which might be released to the overlying water, was in the order of Pb>Zn>Cd>Cu>Ca>Sn. Evaluation of the sediment pollution status by applying (I(geo)(')) of 13 metals showed Cd, Cu, and Zn as high as 1-3 range at the old port. Even though the overall marine pollution mainly by the world-class steel industrial complex in this semi-enclosed bay area studied does not currently pose a serious threat, due to the seawater circulation and the large influx of river discharge, the countermeasures to implement the sediments concentrated with heavy metals, especially at the old port with no seawater circulation, are still warranted for this coastal water environment.     

非接触式六自由度运动测量与分析方法

本文提供了一种非接触式六自由度运动测量与分析方法。首先应用位置测量仪（ＰＳＤ）对安置在模型上的红外线发光源（ＬＥＤ）进行测量,然后用所编制的软件计算出模型的六个自由度运动情况。该方法避免了接触式测量仪对模型作用一定的力而产生的误差,同时具有较高的位置解析度与频率响应能力,测量结果精度较高。该方法可同时测量空间三个点的运动坐标从而可用计算机求得模型在空间的六个自由度运动情况。测量与分析结果令人满意。     

L-抗坏血酸-2-磷酸酯镁的合成

以Ｌ抗坏血酸为基本原料合成Ｌ抗坏血酸２磷酸酯镁。对两种合成方法直接酰化法和基团保护法作实验比较和改进。直接酰化法中,采用混合碱（ 包括氧化镁） 可使磷酰化与成盐反应合并为一步进行,并能提高产率,而采用基团保护法能取得最佳的合成效果。     

CMIP6模式对云南区域性干旱过程的模拟评估及预估

21世纪以来,云南频繁发生全省性干旱过程,造成严重的灾害。未来在气候变化背景下云南全省性干旱过程将如何变化尚未得到充分研究。基于16个第六次耦合模式比较计划(CMIP6)的模式结果和区域性干旱过程监测评估方法,研究了云南省区域性干旱过程历史时期的特征和未来不同排放情景下的可能变化。结果显示,适当订正后的CMIP6模式能较好地模拟出近54年云南省区域干旱事件的特征,模式偏差主要表现为夏季降水偏多、10—11月降水偏少。未来54年在三种排放情景下,云南省区域性干旱过程发生次数将增加1.1～4.7次,持续日数将增加2.6～4.0日,影响范围将增加0.2～0.6站,累计强度将增加0.1～0.2。未来发生在干季内的干旱过程次数将减少,但持续日数、影响范围、累计强度都将增加;由干季延伸至雨季的干旱过程次数、持续时间、累计强度都将增加;发生在雨季内的干旱过程次数和影响范围将增加、累计强度将减小。滇西北、滇东北等受干旱过程影响较轻的地区未来也将更容易受到干旱过程的影响。上述结果表明未来云南省全省性干旱过程将加强。