Spatial pattern of rural settlements in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River

A quantitative analysis of the spatial pattern of rural settlements in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River was made with the major data sources being the relevant ETM image and the national geographical database of China (including contour line, river and road) at the scale of 1:250 000, and using image interpretation and field investigation to obtain spatial information on rural settlements. The results of the spatial analysis technique of GIS and correlation analysis showed that most settlements (78.2 %) were located in the mountain area at 1500 ∼ 2700 m altitude, and almost half in the arid valley area. More than 80.0 % of settlements had their slopes above 15°. Most settlements had good access to water resources, roads and communications, and tended to cluster close to the road network rather than the river. About half of the rural settlements in the study area were relatively concentrated, while the others were decentralized. Those with higher altitude usually had land with steep slope, inconvenient water and road accesses, and were located far apart from each other. In view of such a situation, further research should be done to make reasonable countermeasures on these settlements for better living conditions and ecosystem stability.     

宁南县城后山泥石流综合治理工程财务管理

宁南县城后山泥石流综合治理工程总预算为159.00万元,实际拨款129.01万元。为用好这笔资金,严格了财务管理制度,采取了专项资金专人管理措施,加强对用工、材料、资金和施工等的管理,使工程不但超计划数量完成,而且未追加投资,做到了费省效宏,较好地发挥了投资效益。     

岷县地质灾害易损性模糊综合评价

岷县地形多变、地貌多样、地质环境复杂,近年来地震、滑坡等地质灾害多发。基于易损性影响因素,结合岷县具体情况,选取人口密度、国内生产总值、公路、房屋、林地和耕地6个指标,以乡镇为基本单元,利用模糊综合评判法构建评价体系,将研究区易损性划分为不同等级。结果表明,高易损性地区占研究区总面积的20.62%,中易损性地区的占比为19.90%,低易损性地区的占比为37.25%,极低易损性地区的占比为22.23%。将易损性结果与地质灾害历史灾害点进行叠加分析发现,中易损性和高易损性地区的历史灾害占灾害总数的50.53%,为岷县防灾减灾工作提供了新的思路和参考。     

Land use change and its ecological effect in Qian'an County of Jilin Province

Based on GIS and statistical methods, with the help of searching historical literatures and calculating the landscape indices, the land use changes of Qian'an County in both spatial and temporal aspects from 1945 to 1996 has been analyzed in this paper. And the driving forces of land use changes and their ecological effects are discussed too. The main findings of this study are as follows: (1) Land use changed greatly in Qian'an during 1945-1996, characterized by a decrease in grassland, wetland and water bodies, and an increase in cultivated land, saline-alkali land, and the land for housing and other construction purposes. Grassland decreased by 175,828.66 ha, and cultivated land increased by 102,137.23 ha over the half century. Accordingly, the main landscape type changed from a steppe landscape to a managed agricultural ecosystem. (2) Results of correlation analysis show that the land use change in the study area was mainly driven by the socioeconomic factors.　(3) The ecological effects of land use change in the area are characterized by serious salinization, degression of soil fertility and the weakening of landscape suitability.     

大别山岳西县石关混合岩锆石SHRIMP定年及其地质意义

安徽岳西县石关混合岩属于原北大别变质杂岩的一部分。锆石SHRIMPU-Pb定年结果:第一次变质时间为232Ma,相当于晚三叠世早期,第二次变质时间为207Ma,相当于晚三叠世晚期。复合锆石的核部(继承锆石)为发育韵律环带的岩浆碎屑锆石,其年龄值分别为560Ma、444Ma、394Ma、378Ma和331Ma,暗示其原岩非岩浆岩,而应为沉积岩;研究结果还表明,北大别石关混合岩经历了两次变质作用:①超高压变质作用,变质时间为232Ma(n=5加权平均年龄);②退变质作用,时间为207Ma。与苏鲁地区超高压变质和退变质时间一致。     

福建永安丰门坑多金属矿地质特征及找矿前景

永安丰门坑多金属矿呈似层状、层状、透镜状,贮存在寒武系林田组下段钙质碎屑岩中,矿床具明显的层控和热液叠加改造特征,为沉积-热液改造型多金属矿床。该多金属矿床的发现,为我省在寒武系林田组中寻找该类矿床提供新的目标。     

福建泰宁长兴金矿床地质特征及成因探讨

长兴金矿床主要产于长兴岩体钾长混合花岗岩及其外接触带交溪组变质岩中,矿体受断裂(裂隙带)控制,呈透镜状、不规则脉状分布,综合分析认为交溪组变质岩为初始矿源层,加里东期混合岩化使金在有利构造部位形成初步富集,印支晚期-燕山早期构造-岩浆热液叠加成矿,矿床成因类型为中温热液充填交代型金矿床,其工业类型为破碎带蚀变岩型金矿床。     

武山温泉地热资源状况及开发利用前景分析

武山温泉热流体主要赋存于F1、F2断裂交汇部位的碎裂状斑状花岗岩体中,热水水温56.2℃,富含锂、锶、氟、偏硅酸等多种微量元素,主要用于浴疗治病和保健。本文通过对温泉地热资源形成的地质背景分析,初步论证了地热田的热储和控热构造,评价了地热资源储量,并对温泉开发利用前景作了分析。     

镇赉县土地利用结构调整

基于遥感与GIS进行吉林省镇赉县土地利用现状调查与生态适宜性评价, 通过分析二者差异提出土地利用调整方向及对策, 进一步优化土地利用结构。研究结果显示, 镇赉县宜林地和宜牧地的利用现状主要是盐碱地, 其次为耕地, 很少用于林地与草地; 宜农地和宜农、林、牧地利用格局单一, 耕林草比例不合理; 土地利用结构调整方向为盐碱地治理、退耕还林还草与土地利用格局优化。结合自然环境特点分析, 调整后的土地利用模式有农林复合、林草复合及开发水田等3种, 农、林、牧用地比例接近3∶1∶1, 空间格局交替安排。     

藏北日土县拉竹龙地区志留系

根据在西藏西北部日土县拉竹龙地区重新测量了西藏区调大队1984年所测的两个地层剖面——饮水河北岸剖面和兽形湖北岸剖面,在原来定为上奥陶统兽形湖组的底部发现了一套含笔石和几丁石化石的黑色页岩和炭质板岩,其中笔石Pristiograptus和几丁石Ancyrochitina brevicollis、Conochitina sp.为志留系兰多维列统Tely-chian阶的标准分子。同时在兽形湖组中也发现了大量兰多维列世的腕足类化石Hindella xizangensis和竹节石Gotlandellites sp.。证明了拉竹龙地区饮水河北岸和兽形湖北岸两个剖面均未出现真正的奥陶纪地层。通过所采集到的笔石、几丁石、腕足类、三叶虫、头足类、牙形刺、竹节石、珊瑚、遗迹化石的准确鉴定,重新修订了本地区志留系的划分和地层序列:自下而上依次为以笔石相为代表的兰多维列统饮水河组,以碎屑岩相为代表的兰多维列统兽形湖组,以碳酸盐沉积为主的文洛克统普尔错组和以碳酸盐岩相为主的罗德洛统至普里道利统野牛坡组。本区志留系目前发现的最低层位相当于兰多维列统Telychian阶的笔石带Spirograptusturriculatus带和Streptograptus crispus带,最高层位相当于欧洲和藏南壳相志留系的最高一个头足类化石带Kopaninoceras juncudum带或牙形刺组合Neoprioniodus latidentatus-Ligonodina siluria组合。