止水帷幕在高层建筑深基坑中的应用

某高层建筑基坑西侧紧邻一道河沟,水量较大,采取三重管高压摆喷帷幕止水[1～4],施工完成后通过监测,未发现渗漏、地下水位明显下降和周围建筑物沉降现象。     

岩体断层基础加固与溶洞灌浆处理中的高压灌浆技术

阐述了在岩体断层加固和溶洞处理中的高压灌浆技术,分析了高压灌浆的作用机理,灌浆压力控制的方法,介绍了高压灌浆在水利枢纽工程上的应用效果。     

黄壁庄水库副坝塌坑Ⅳ76+1槽段安全监测

介绍了黄壁庄水库副坝塌坑Ⅳ76+1槽段进行的安全监测设计及根据此设计进行的安全监测实施,根据取得的监测资料解决了一直未能确定的主要变形地层的问题,为水库的加固施工和后期的运行安全提供了一定的依据。     

俯伪斜分段密集采煤法三维有限元数值模拟研究

俯伪斜分段密集采煤法,作为一种较新的采煤方法,在我国技术上还不很成熟,因此,首次针对京煤集团木城涧矿大台井的地质条件和赋煤状况,通过简化建立三维立体有限元模型,模拟计算了该矿煤层顶底板在开采前后运动变化情况。结果表明:煤层倾角、推采距离和开采巷道数三者是影响煤层顶底板运动规律的重要因素,得到了表征顶底板运动规律的顶底板法向最大应力和法向最大位移与三影响因素关系曲线,详细阐述了三影响因素下的煤层顶底板运动规律;同时,对现场开采中支撑压力大小,特别是在三影响因素下,超前支撑压力的作用范围与应力峰值位置进行了数值计算,并总结了其影响规律;最后,指出了该数值分析方法对现场开采将具有十分重要的应用价值和指导意义。     

土钉支护结构的优化设计

根据复形优化原理,提出了基于Bishop法的土钉支护结构的优化分析方法,编写了优化分析程序。工程实例计算表明,该方法是进行土钉优化设计的有效方法。     

粗粒料流变研究的现状与展望

粗粒料是土石坝的主要填料,高土石坝的流变已成为坝工专家和工程师广为关注的问题,其流变特性是研究的基础。分析了粗粒料流变研究的现状,介绍了长江科学院新取得的进展,并对粗粒料流变研究的前景提出了展望。     

Theory and Method of Mineral Resource Prediction Based on Synthetic Information

Metallogenic prognosis of synthetic information uses the geological body and the miaeral resource body as a statistical unit to interpret synthetically the information of geology, geophysics, geo-chemistry and remote sensing from the evolution of geology and puts all the information into one entire system by drawing up digitalized interpretation maps of the synthetic information. On such basis, differ-ent grades and types of mineral resource prospecting models and predictive models of synthetic informa-tion can be established. Hence, a new integrated prediction system will be formed of metallogenic prog-nosis (qualitative prediction), mineral resources statistic prediction (determining targets) and mlaeral resources prediction (determining resources amount).     

Epistemological possibilities and imperatives of complexity research: a reply to Reitsma

Reitsma (A response to ‘simplifying complexity’. Geoforum 34 (1) (2003) 13), in response to the article ‘Simplifying Complexity’ (Manson, S.M., Simplifying complexity: a review of complexity theory. Geoforum 32 (3) (2001) 405), highlights a number of interesting and important aspects of complexity theory that invite further discussion. In particular, there are three areas of complexity research that are open to deeper exploration: (1) the width and breadth of ‘complexity’ defined as a scientific endeavor; (2) the role of theory relative to practice and their relationship with pattern and process in complex systems; and (3) the need for greater discussion and exploration in order to define the conceptual bounds of complexity theory.     

Spectral and Multiscale Signal-to-Noise Thresholding of Spherical Vector Fields

The basic concepts of spectral and multiscale selective reconstruction of (geophysically relevant) vector fields on the sphere from error-affected data is outlined in detail. The reconstruction mechanism is formulated under the assumption that spectral as well as multiscale approximation is well-representable in terms of only a certain number of expansion coefficients at the various resolution levels. It is shown that spectral denoising by means of orthogonal expansions in terms of vector spherical harmonics reflects global a priori information of the noise (e.g., in form of a covariance tensor field), whereas multiscale signal-to-noise thresholding can be performed under locally dependent noise information within a multiresolution analysis in terms of spherical vector wavelets. An application of the multiscale formalism to Earth's magnetic field determination is presented.     

应用区域地基全球定位系统观测分析北京地区大气总水汽量

利用2000年6月1日～8月11日北京地区地基全球定位系统(Globe Positioning System)网遥感大气总水汽量试验的观测资料,分析了北京地区夏季大气总水汽量的时空变化,研究了大气总水汽量与日平均温度、地面水汽压和降水的关系.研究结果表明:大气总水汽量存在明显的时空变化,对于地理位置基本相近的台站,海拔高度的影响比较明显,一般情况下高山站的水汽总量低于平原站;在晴天,地面水汽压与大气总水汽量有较好的相关性,而在云雨日,由于高低层大气湿度的变化常常不同步,用地面水汽压估算的大气总水汽量具有较大的偏差;大气总水汽量短时间内的快速增加往往对应有降水过程出现,但总水汽量的大小与降水量之间并没有明显的相关,在降水预报中应综合考虑总水汽量的前期平均水平、短时的增幅和峰值大小等条件的影响.