国内外生态旅游研究的主要方向及进展

本文从旅游对环境的影响着手，通过对生态旅游研究现有的文献分析，主要阐述了作为可持续旅游实现形式的生态旅游与生态环境的关系，生态旅游概念与内涵的研究，生态旅游的景观生态学研究和生态旅游的地理学研究等几个方面，生态旅游的基础理论研究主要集中在生态旅游概念、内涵和特征的探讨，而生态旅游实践的研究主要是特定区域的生态旅游规划案例的研究，同时指出了生态旅游今后应加强的几个研究领域。     

自组织临界现象在地震空间演化特征上的应用研究

将自组织临界现象理论在地震预报领域作深入的应用研究,根据各量的物理含义重新讨论了在地震科学中的应用,并用重整化群方法对强震前中小地震强现象的临界点问题进行研究。     

Transport of Temperature and Humidity Variance and Covariance in the Marine Surface Layer

In this paper we address the budget of potential temperature T and moisture mixing ratio q variances as well as the q-T covariance budget. We focus on the vertical transport and study the quantities contained in these terms. Estimates of transport terms are rare and to the best of our knowledge they have never been shown together in the literature. For this purpose an extensive set of humidity and temperature turbulence data from two heights in a marine environment has been analysed. We discuss and compare our results with results from earlier studies for a range of stability from near-neutral to unstable. Similarity and differences between T and q behaviour in the surface layer over water are presented.     

Justification of the Inertial Dissipation Technique in Anisotropic Mean Flow

The inertial dissipation technique has been successfully employed for many years to measure the wind stress, especially over the open ocean. This method is based on Kolmogorov's theoretical prediction of universality in the inertial wavenumber range. The theory was developed under the assumption of locally isotropic turbulence, and the dissipation technique has been criticized as lacking justification in a boundary-layer shear flow. In this paper, Kolmogorov's theory is explicitly applied to the anisotropic conditions prevailing in the atmosphere. It is shown that the inertial dissipation method relies on the homogeneity and isotropy of the spectrum _ii(k) for k in the inertial range. This is a weaker condition than Kolmogorov's assumption of isotropy of the correlation function B_ij(r). In high-Reynolds-number shear flows, isotropy of _ii(k) is realized to a good approximation, whereas isotropy of B_ij(r) is not. Some consequences for the experimental implementation are discussed; in particular, sampling times (block lengths) not exceeding the order of the eddy life time are recommended in the calculation of spectra.     

GPS测量大气折射模型研究

在精密ＧＰＳ测量中,大气折射改正误差是最大的误差源之一。研究大的射理论,建立更加符合实地的模型,推导精确的改正公式,已成为ＧＰＳ测量研究中最重要的课题之一。本文对大层折射理论进行了深入研究,建立了新的在气层模型,推导出新的更精确的折射改正公式。     

可可西里-金沙江地震带震级频度关系及其参数的相关性分析

本文通过可可西里-金沙江地震带震级频度关系的确定及其参数b值与a值、值(地震年平均发生率)和Mmax(最大震级a/b)之间的相关性分析, 以说明地震危险性概率分析中的地震活动性参数值与b值也应有某种相关性。当地震带未来一定时期内地震活动震级上限Muz和b值被确定后, 未来地震活动的值的取值范围似将受到一定的限制。如假设可可西里-金沙江地震带的Muz为8级, b值为0.73后, 相应的值若取13.943, 可能偏小。     

Dispersion Moments of Fumigating Plumes – Lidar Estimates and Pdf Model Simulations

Near-instantaneous vertical scans ofpower plant plumes, sampled by a lidar over three days as part ofthe 1995 Kwinana Coastal Fumigation Study, are analysed to obtainhourly-averaged total dispersion moments up to fourth order, andalso the relative and meander spreads. Two distinct fumigationcases, termed as neutral and stable cases, are observed dependingon whether the plume transport prior to fumigation takes place ina neutral atmosphere, or in a stable region above the neutralatmosphere. Plumes in the stable case are observed to undergoslower fumigation. The mean spreads display contrasting behavioursfor the two fumigating cases, while the vertical skewness shows anegative peak value of about -1 for the neutral case and -2for the stable case in the fumigation zone. The lateral skewnessis positive with a peak value of about unity for both cases, andis attributed to wind directional shear within the thermalinternal boundary layer. The vertical kurtosis is greater than theGaussian value of 3 in the fumigation zone, while the lateralkurtosis is scattered about this value. A recently-developedskewed probability density function model with wind shear isapplied to describe the fumigation data. Overall, the modelsimulates the observed vertical and lateral statistics well up tothe fourth order, except for the lateral skewness and kurtosisvalues in the stable case, which is probably due to the lidar'srange and sensitivity constraints and an inadequate sample size.Although the lateral turbulent diffusion in the model is Gaussian(i.e., zero skewness), the inclusion of wind shear in the model ismanifested in the predicted lateral skewness being greater thanzero in the fumigation zone, and of similar magnitude to the lidardata in the neutral case.     

利用油藏地质地球化学特征综合划分含油气系统

含油气系统的划分和范围的确定关系到油气勘探的方向和有利区带的选择,油源对比是含油气系统划分的关键.在缺乏成熟烃源岩样品的情况下,须结合油气藏的地质特征和演化历史,才能科学地划分含油气系统.据中非Muglad盆地Nugara坳陷同-构造上两个油田的地质分析和原油地球化学分析,把坳陷划分为两个独立的含油气系统,不同油田属于不同的系统.这一思路可为今后复杂构造演化区和裂谷盆地含油气系统研究提供借鉴.     

利用细分光谱仪数据分析水体泥土含量的方法研究

分析了水中泥土含量对水体光谱特征的影响。对利用水体的光谱反射率计算水体中泥土含量的方法进行了分析，找出了用于泥土含量计算的最佳波段。该方法对今后的利用高光谱遥感图像计算河流和海水中的泥沙含量及估算水土流失具有一定的参考意义。     

基于城市航空立体像对的全自动3维建筑物建模

城市建筑物3维建模是虚拟城市建设的关键技术之一。基于大比例尺航空立体像对提出3维建筑物建模方法。首先对2维边缘检测Canny算子进行改进，以期从城市航空影像中检测出较为精确的2维建筑物轮廓线。然后把改进的自适应最小二乘相关算法运用到金字塔匹配算法中，由于金字塔匹配算法中最为关键的问题是误差传递的有效控制，而以往的研究中尽管采用了多咱控制策略但效果不是很好，作者通过提出2种新的误差传播控制策略得到了较高精度的匹配结果。利用匹配生成的高精度3维信息对检测到的2维建筑物轮廓线进行3维插值，获得建筑物的3维信息，由此实现了建筑物3维建模。