北黄海西部晚第四纪浅层地震剖面层序分析

结合前人工作对北黄海西部7条浅层地震剖面测线进行解译，所揭示的晚第四纪U1-U4沉积单元的特征是：U1围绕山东半岛形成楔状沉积体，厚度从近岸地区的大于40m向海减薄到0m；U2平均厚度为15m，分布稳定，在研究区由东北向西南增厚；U3平均厚度为20m左右，西南薄，东北厚；U4只在部分剖面上有记录。测线显示，U2单元层中存在埋藏古河道，大部分被天然气充填，形成两条NE-SW向延伸的分支河道，初步认为其属于古黄河北支水系，位于全新世地层之下的晚更新世地层中，为黄河在晚更新世末期（15～9 kaBP）流经北黄海西部的产物。     

X-ray CT based numerical analysis of fracture flow for core samples under various confining pressures

The X-ray CT based numerical analysis of fracture flow for core samples, recently developed by the authors, was applied to two granite core samples having either a mated artificial or a mated natural fracture at confining pressures of 5 to 50 MPa. A third-generation medical X-ray CT scanner was used to image the samples within a core holder consisting of an aluminum liner and a carbon fiber overwrap. Fracture models (i.e., aperture distributions) were obtained by the CT images, the resolution of which was coarser than the apertures, and a single-phase flow simulation was performed using a local cubic law-based fracture flow model. Numerical results were evaluated by a fracture porosity measurement and a solution displacement experiment using NaCl and NaI aqueous solutions. These numerical results coincided only qualitatively with the experimental results, primarily due to image noise from the aluminum liner of the core holder. Nevertheless, the numerical results revealed flow paths within the fractures and their changes with confining pressure, whereas the experimental results did not provide such results. Different stress-dependencies in the flow paths were observed between the two samples despite the similar stress-dependency in fracture porosity and permeability. The changes in total area of the flow paths with confining pressure coincided qualitatively with changes in breakthrough points in the solution displacement experiment. Although the data is limited, the results of the present study suggest the importance of analyzing fluid flows within naturally fractured core samples under in situ conditions in order to better understand the fracture flow characteristics in a specific field. As demonstrated herein, X-ray CT-based numerical analysis is effective for addressing this concern. Using a multi-phase flow model, as well as a core holder constructed of an engineered plastic, should provide a useful, non-destructive, and non-contaminative X-ray CT-based fracture flow analysis for core samples under in situ conditions in future studies.     

华北晚前寒武纪（中、新元古代）岩石地层单位及多重划分对比

晚前寒武纪地层是华北早前寒武纪褶皱变质基底之上的第一套沉积盖层。主要发育和分布于华北晚前寒武纪的一些裂谷系－裂陷槽中，但各地沉积开始时间不一，后期遭受剥蚀程度不一。长期以来在地层划分、岩石地层命名、使用及年代属性上认识不统一，在一些地区认识分岐很大。笔者在岩石地层单位、地质特征认识的基础上，进行了全区（群、组）统一对比，明确了可作为华北晚前寒武纪沉积序列的代表性岩石地层单位及岩石组合特征；并介绍晚前寒武纪叠层石组合、微古植物特征性分子和已发现的宏观藻类和后生动物，论述了层型所在地区年代地层划分及层型以外各地层分区岩石地层单位年代属性的确定依据。     

羌塘盆地高精度航空重磁调查对盆地基底性质与构造格局的启示

羌塘盆地是我国陆域面积最大的中生代海相沉积盆地,该盆地基底属性和深部构造特征尚未形成统一认识.最新获取的高精度航空重、磁资料发现北羌塘整体表现为"磁力高、重力低",南羌塘与之相反,并且北羌塘基底磁性明显强于南羌塘;基于航磁数据计算的基底深度显示出南、北羌塘具有明显差异,北羌塘基底深度普遍在7.0～15.0 km,凹陷中心多达6个;南羌塘基底深度稍浅,多在5.0～13.0 km,凹陷中心只有3个.南、北羌塘截然不同的重磁场特征表明羌塘盆地并不存在统一的前寒武系变质基底,南、北羌塘是两个完全不同的构造单元.E—W向的"中央隆起带"将羌塘盆地一分为二,使其整体呈现"两坳夹一隆"的构造格局,并可以进一步划分为31个凸起区和9个凹陷区.     

An exploration of spatial dispersion, pattern, and association of socio-economic functional units in an urban system

Hypotheses based on a set of socio-economic, cultural, and political functional units are examined. The geographic techniques employed in the study include spatial mean, standard distance, standard deviational ellipse, nearest neighbor analysis, and spatial analysis on a network: cross K function and network cross K function. The study not only explores the spatial pattern, distribution, and association of key socio-economic, cultural, and political units which could reveal internal structures and activities of an urban system, but also demonstrates a number of operational procedures that permit applications of traditional and advanced spatial analysis approaches in the study of real urban systems.     

陕西韩城北部矿区煤层气形成条件评价

以大量的测试为基础，从煤层生气性、储气性、渗透性及围岩封盖性等方面对陕西韩城北部矿区煤层气的形成条件进行了研究与评价；划分了各煤层生、储、渗、盖类型，为本区今后煤层气勘探开发提供了科学依据。     

利用微观水驱油模型实验对储层进行流动单元的划分

采用微观水驱油模型实验测得西峰油田庄19井区长82储层26块样品的渗透率、水驱前含油饱和度以及在不同注入倍数、不同注入压力下的剩余油饱和度和驱油效率,以此参数为基础,应用统计分析软件SPSS将样品划分为E类、G类和M类3类流动单元。结合试验动态观察和数据分析,不同流动单元类型有着不同的渗流通道、驱替方式、驱油效率以及压力对驱油效率的作用。     

福建省侵入岩谱系单位

福建省广泛发育的侵入岩,应用岩石谱系单位划分、归并的新理论、新方法,划分有１１０个单元,归并成２７个超单元（序列）,２１个独立岩石单元,初步建立起全省岩石谱系单位等级体制。Ｍ、Ｉ、Ｓ、Ａ型花岗岩均较发育,Ｓ型花岗岩一般缺少大规模的火山喷发,Ｉ型、Ａ型和Ｉ型与Ｓ型过渡型花岗岩,具有滞后或与火山活动同时、同源、规模相当、地域相应的规律。不同时期、不同岩石谱系单位,成矿类型及规模不同。     

不同围压下孔隙度不同的干燥及水饱和岩样中的纵横波速度及衰减

选择具有不同孔隙度的三种岩石样品,在最高达600MPa （干燥样品）或300MPa （水饱和样品）的不同围压条件下,同时测量了在其中传播的纵、横波的速度及衰减。对于低孔隙度的花岗岩,干燥和水饱和样品的 Q 值几乎没有差别,但与干燥样品相比,水饱和样品中的纵波速度较高而横波速度稍低。对于中等孔隙度的杂砂岩,干燥样品和水饱和样品的波速和 Q 值及其随围压的变化有明显的不同。在高孔隙度的砂岩中这种不同更加显著。综合分析同时测得的纵、横波速度和 Q 值可以发现,当围压增加时,低孔隙度的花岗岩中同体应变相关的能量损失与同剪切应变相关的能量损失之比减小,但在中等孔隙度的杂砂岩和高孔隙度的砂岩中这一比值增大;同时,水饱和样品中的这一比值要比干燥样品中的大,而且它们之间的差别同样品的孔隙度正相关。     

青藏高原及邻区大地构造单元初步划分

青藏高原及邻区大地构造单元的划分是当前该地区板块构造精细结构研究的关键,也是板内构造研究的基础理论问题。本文在前人工作的基础上,结合青藏高原及邻区新一轮1∶25万区域地质调查成果,基于多岛弧盆系的形成是大洋向大陆岩石圈构造体制演化转换的标志这一认识,将弧-弧、弧-陆及陆-陆碰撞结合带和夹持于其间的陆块、岩浆弧划分为一级单元,构成青藏高原及邻区构造单元的基本骨架;以南昆仑俯冲碰撞结合带和班公湖-丁青-碧土-昌宁-孟连结合带为界,划分出:泛华夏大陆早古生带秦祁昆构造区、泛华夏大陆晚古生代—三叠纪羌塘-三江构造区及冈瓦纳北缘晚古生代—中生代冈瓦纳-喜马拉雅构造区。这样的厘定不仅对青藏高原及邻区的地质科学研究具有重要的理论意义,而且对青藏高原空白区区域地质调查和成矿地质条件分析等也有重要的实际意义。