Vertical migrations of the mangrove snail Cerithidea decollata (L.) (Potamididae) through a synodic month

The vertical migration on mangrove trunks of the gastropod Cerithidea decollata was followed for 5 weeks, in a Kenyan mangrove. Most of the times, snails forage on the mud surface, during low tide, and climb back on trees well before the incoming tide. As soon as the sea retreats, the downward migration takes place and the snails spread again on the ground. The migratory behaviour of snails can vary widely, depending on the relative tide intensity, and different strategies can be exhibited. Individuals can spend several days on trees without migrating to the ground, around Spring Tides, or else, they might remain on the ground without bothering to migrate upwards, during Neap Tides, when the study area is not reached by the water. These irregular animal behaviours, relating to the complicated tide succession, can hardly be explained by the sole presence of an internal clock, and direct cues seem necessary to switch between different strategies, tuning the snails migratory behaviour to the actual local sea conditions.     

Nrf2参与水生动物氧化应激调控的研究进展

环境变化会诱导机体活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平升高,从而产生氧化应激.氧化应激对所有生物的生存、生长、发育和进化都具有深远的影响.核因子E2相关因子2(nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor2,Nrf2)被公认为细胞氧化应激调控的主导者...     

昆仑山口西Ms8.1级地震前兆

2001年11月14日,在中国青海、新疆交界地区（35.93°N, 90.54°E）发生了Ms 8.1级地震.在此地震前,距震中超过2000公里的北京工业大学地震研究所 （39.88°N, 116.47°E）收到三种非常清晰的临震信息：次声波异常信号、地应力突变信号及虎皮鹦鹉跳动频率异常信号.     

Domestic temporalities: Nature times in the house-as-home

Studies of domestic temporalities have emphasised the timing of social activities and interactions in the home, including how family members negotiate their use of home spaces and technologies, the impact of flexible work practices on home, and the organisation of care and mothering activities. But home is also shaped by the rhythms and times of nonhumans that inhabit, travel through and are part of the house-as-home; it is further shaped by the environment outside home. Drawing inspiration from recent discussions of nature times the paper explores the more-than-human temporalities of domestic space. It charts the ageing and decay of house structures, the disruption caused by nocturnal animals, and the seasonal cycles of sunlight and plant growth that immediately surround the home, attending to the ways that these events shape everyday experiences of home and homemaking. These times and rhythms are examined through interviews undertaken with people living with uninvited brushtail possums in the ceilings of their homes, interviews and diaries completed by new dog owners, interviews with gardeners, and analysis of popular Australian homemaking magazines. These stories emphasise the dynamic and unfolding nature of the house-as-home as a hybrid timespace produced through an ongoing entwinement of human and nonhuman, living and non-living, culture and nature.     

地震前动物异常行为的协同效应

本文研究了动物群体申乃至一个特定地区的整个生态系统中动物个体之间的相互作用,讨论了地震前动物异常行为的协同效应。在最简单的情况下,描述这种协同效应的方程具有生态学中的种群动力学方程的形式。作为这种协同效应的一个结果,地震前动物异常起数的平均值具有指数增长的形式,这与实际资料是相符的。用外界环境变化和动物群体对外界刺激反应两个因素作为控制参量的简单的非线性模型,可以定性地解释震前动物异常行为的复杂性。因此,在用动物异常进行临震预报时,必须考虑动物群体的作用及由协同效应导致的复杂性。     

钻头泥包的土壤动物仿生学分析研究

从土壤动物适应生存环境而进化出在潮湿土壤中不粘土的特性出发，介绍了土壤动物非光滑体表结构有利于减粘脱土的原因和穿山甲特殊爪趾形状不粘土的特性。在此基础上，提出了仿生钻头的想法，希望能够解决钻探工作中遇到的钻头泥包问题。     

Boosted bodies: Genetic techniques, domestic livestock bodies and complex representations of life

This paper focuses on the burgeoning application of genetic techniques in livestock agriculture, examining how these are changing livestock breeding knowledge-practices and the representation of animal life. Conventional livestock breeding relies on visual appraisal of animals and maintaining performance records, whereas genetic and genomic techniques offer the potential to assess particular aspects of animals’ genotypes. Advertising and promotional material produced by organisations involved in developing genetic techniques, and reportage and discussion of such techniques in the agricultural media, are used to examine the ways in which the production and value of living bodies in the future is being mapped out in emerging knowledge-practice networks which centre around particular visions and representations of what livestock bodies are and should do or be. The paper argues that bodies should be understood in part in terms of the wider spatial relationships in which they are entangled. A process of’circulating reference’ [Latour, B., 1999. Pandora’s Hope: Essays on the Reality of Science Studies. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA] is identified in which rounds of simplification occur in relation to the representation of the genetic qualities of livestock animals. However, these attempts to simplify produce new complexities when livestock breeders attempt to make use of genetic knowledge-practices. Identifying different modes of complexity, the paper discusses their spatiality in terms of differences between genetic abstractions from animal bodies and breeders ‘multi-layered ‘lay’ knowledges of their livestock animals.     

Digging by badgers and rabbits on some wooded slopes in Belgium

Eight forest areas, totalling 128.7 hectares, located near the northern border area of the Belgian Ardennes, have been surveyed for soil material brought to the surface by burrowing animals. It appeared that at least 7003.6 kg/ha were present, brought up by badgers and rabbits. The amount turned out to vary a factor 10³ between the eight regions. During the half year survey period badgers added some 570 kg to their mounds. On this basis the rate of mass transport effected directly by badgers may be estimated at an insignificant 0.02 gcm^?1 y^?1. Also, production of available sediment by these animals is relatively unimportant in this temperate humid forest environment.     

若尔盖地区泥炭资源的开发与珍稀动物资源的保护

若尔盖地区广布的沼泽地蕴藏着丰富的泥炭资源,北区部分泥炭沼泽地又是珍稀动物赖以生存的栖息场所,全面开发泥炭资源势必影响珍稀动物的生存。本文根据泥炭资源分布规律与珍稀动物的分布、活动规律及其相关性,论述了泥炭资源合理开发与珍稀动物资源保护,二者兼顾的意见。     

南极鳕鱼食性的初步研究

对 1 98 8年 1 2月 2 5 - 2 6日在长城站附近海区采集的南极鳕鱼胃含物进行了初步分析。结果表明食物的主要种类有底栖动物 6种和钩虾多种 ,浮游动物 3种 ,海藻 8种。底栖动物占食物量的 5 2 .82 % ,其中帽贝占 1 0 .77% ,钩虾类占 3 3 .78% ;浮游动物占 6 .74% ,其中磷虾占 5 .47% ;海藻占 3 5 .49% ,其中紫菜占 6 .3 5 % ,倒卵银杏藻占 1 8.96 %。鱼的体重与体长相关显著 ,相关系数是 0 .96。分析结果反映了南极鳕鱼的食物来源主要是底栖动物和海藻