地震CT勘探原理及其在公路隧道病害诊断中的应用

地震CT勘探是一种新的地球物理方法。具有分辨率高、可靠性强、信息量大、图象直观的特点。可以广泛地用于线路、场地、隧道、边坡等项目的工程地质勘查和病害诊断。在元磨高速公路芭蕉箐隧道的地质病害诊断中应用地震CT进行勘探,取得了良好的效果。     

湿地水文研究进展综述

湿地是地球上一种重要的生态系统,具有巨大的环境功能和环境效益。水文是湿地中最重要的过程,是决定产生和维持湿地典型类型和湿地过程的重要因素。因此,湿地水文过程的研究是湿地研究的核心内容,是当前国内外湿地研究的热点。本文介绍了湿地水文及其对湿地功能等的重要性,综述了当前国内外在湿地水文状态与生态环境的关系、水流运动、水文模型与水文观测等方面的研究进展,并提出了今后我国亟待加强的湿地水文研究领域。     

显微组分大分子结构演化差异性及其动力学机制——研究进展与展望

显微组分物理化学性质是影响煤炭清洁高效利用和煤储层物性的重要因素,已经认识到决定显微组分性质的根本原因在于其大分子结构.为了揭示显微组分大分子结构演化特征及其控制因素,从显微组分大分子化学结构与物理结构、大分子结构演化的构造应力效应、煤变质全阶段大分子结构演化特征等方面,总结了国内外研究进展,分析了存在的不足.指出由于...     

Interviewing landed elites in post-war Guatemala

This essay explores the methodological challenges of conducting ethnographic research among economic and managerial elites in Guatemala’s landed sector during the country’s post-war transition. Guatemala’s 34-year civil war ended with peace accords in 1996. From the mid 1990s through 2001, I conducted interviews with leading representatives of the private sector in Guatemala, including the owners and top managers of the country’s sugar plantations. The Guatemalan sugar elite describes itself as the new face of the private sector in Central America, implementing “corporate social responsibility” programs linked to the World Bank and other international agencies. Questions of access and interview dynamics are often discussed in relation to qualitative research on “elites.” Yet, I found the interview process to be less complicated than I anticipated. Of greater concern were the problems of research dissemination and praxis. The experience discussed here raises questions about whether research on particular elite groups can be sustained over long periods of time.     

城市桥梁基桩承载性能时间效应试验研究

岩土的流变性质使建（构）筑物基础的承载性能具有时间相关性,对运营期建筑结构的安全性造成较大的影响。为了进一步探讨城市桥梁桩基础承载性能随时间的变化规律,对某桥梁工程的2根试验桩进行了长效荷载试验研究,得出了桩顶沉降和桩身承载性能随时间的变化规律。利用桩基承载性能时空效应新理论对试验结果进行分析拟合,获得真实的桩土力学参数,得到工程桩桩顶沉降随时间变化的解析解。试验成果进一步揭示了桩在长效荷载作用下自然而真实的发展变化规律,为检验验证理论研究成果提供可靠的依据,可用于指导同等条件下工程桩设计和施工时预测桩的工后沉降变化趋势,控制基础稳定性,同时为解决路桥的工后运营期沉降控制提供科学合理的理论依据。     

近20年青藏高原气象卫星应用研究回顾与展望

回顾近20年青藏高原卫星遥感技术在气象领域的应用研究成果,主要包括卫星资料在天气分析和预报、气候变化研究,以及森林火险和积雪监测等方面的应用研究,并指出目前青藏高原气象卫星应用研究中亟待解决的问题和对策。     

10～30 d延伸期预报研究进展和业务现状

10～30 d延伸期预报在气象业务发展和国民经济服务中具有重要的作用。本文回顾了关于延伸期预报的相关理论和技术研究进展,概要介绍了国内外开展延伸期预报业务现状;结合目前气象科技发展水平,进一步分析和阐述了现阶段我国开展延伸期预报业务亟待解决的关键技术问题,旨在共同探讨和推动延伸期预报业务的发展。     

风电场风机叶片覆冰气象条件及覆冰模型研究进展

随着我国风电行业的快速发展,覆冰已经成为严重威胁风电场安全稳定运行的因素之一,针对这一问题,国内外学者陆续开展了相关研究。综合现有研究成果,从覆冰概况、研究方法分类、影响覆冰的因素、风机叶片覆冰期特点等方面做了总结。大量的研究成果显示：影响风机叶片覆冰的气象因素主要为环境温度、相对湿度、风速、液态水含量（Liquid Water Content,LWC）和体积中径（Median Volume Diameter,MVD）等。此外,冰风洞试验和数值仿真模拟方面已有很多成果,而覆冰模型法的研究还较少,后续研究的重点是开展对高分辨率数值预报产品的订正研究,构建适用于本地的风机叶片覆冰模型,为风电场提前预警覆冰期以采取融冰措施、合理安排生产等提供科学参考。     

EQT目录、双差定位及震源机制解输入文件的生成

介绍一个用DELPHI语言编写的用来处理大规模数据的程序,主要用来生成EQT目录文件、双差定位和震源机制解的输入文件.     

Adaptive co-management and the paradox of learning

Much emphasis has been placed on the importance of learning to support collaborative environmental management and achieve sustainability under conditions of social–ecological change. Yet, on-going struggles to learn from experience and respond to complex social–ecological conditions reflect an emerging paradox. Despite widespread support of learning as a normative goal and process, core concepts, assumptions and approaches to learning have been applied in vague and sometimes uncritical ways. Greater specificity with respect to learning goals, approaches and outcomes is required. In response to this gap, we examine five dimensions of the learning paradox in the context of adaptive co-management, where the learning and linking functions of governance are stressed: (i) definitions of learning; (ii) learning goals and expectations; (iii) mechanisms by which learning takes place; (iv) questions regarding who is involved in the process of learning; and (v) the risks and ethical ambiguities faced by different actors expected to willingly participate in a learning process, whether formal or informal. Lessons from experience with a series of cases from the global North and South illustrate the implications of these dimensions. Resolving the dimensions of this learning paradox will require greater attention to capacity-building, recognition of the role of risk, and consideration of how incentives could be used to encourage learning. Further consideration of the role of power and marginality among groups participating in the learning process is also needed, as is more systematic evaluation to monitor and measure learning outcomes.