GPS测量的中性大气折射改正的研究

中性大气对ＧＰＳ信号的折射影响是ＧＰＳ测量的重要误差源之一。测量定位的垂直分量精度的提高,受到中性大气延迟改正程度很强制约。     

Phase Resolved High Speed Photometry and Spectroscopy of Pulsars

We describe the implementation of two High Time Resolution modes for ESO's new generation CCD controller FIERA. These new modes have been used to perform phase-resolved high speed photometry and spectroscopy of pulsars with the FORS instruments at the VLT.     

北斗导航系统卫星频间钟差偏差

卫星频间钟差偏差（Inter-Frequency Clock Bias, IFCB）变化特性的分析对其模型化、卫星钟稳定性的评估具有重要的意义。采用北斗(COMPASS) 2012年1月的三频数据,解算了GEO卫星的IFCB并分析了其时序特性。为了削弱粗差对解算结果的影响,采用了抗差估计算法。针对GEO卫星IFCB的特性,提出了GEO卫星IFCB的经验模型。结果表明,二次曲线函数能较好的描述GEO卫星的IFCB,并达到71%以上的改正效果。     

GPS单历元形变信号的小波降噪

阐述了小波变换、多分辨分析及中值滤波的基本原理。研究了对小波变换的高频系数采用中值滤波,然后重构信号达到降噪目的的形变数据处理新方法。并与强制降噪及软门限阈值化小波降噪方法比较。模拟实验表明,基于高频中值滤波的小波降噪方法不仅能有效降噪,保持信号的光滑性,还能在降噪的过程中剔除少量粗差。     

逐历元GNSS-R测高单差和双差算法

GNSS-R测高是一种高效监测水面高度及其变化的新技术。与传统水面测量技术,如验潮站、卫星测高等相比,其主要优点包括可实现更高时空分辨率的观测、测高结果不受板块垂直运动的影响等。本文提出了一种基于单差观测值组合的cGNSS-R逐历元测高算法,可提高水面高度测量的时空分辨率,并给出了基于双差观测值逐历元cGNSS-R测高算法。利用武汉东湖清河桥上cGNSS-R试验中GPS反射信号观测数据,给出了高精度高时空分辨率的湖面到反射天线相位中心垂直距离,验证了本文算法的准确性,精度可达±2~±4 cm。与水面高实际观测比较结果表明,cGNSS-R单差、双差算法可有效削弱钟差以及电离层和对流层误差对反演水面高度的影响。     

中国大陆导航连续站周期信号空间规律研究

为了进一步分析我国GNSS周期信号的空间分布规律,文章基于我国大陆及周边IGS站与中国地壳运动观测网络基准站的坐标时间序列,给出定量标准剔除质量差的测站;采用分段线性拟合法提取并扣除时间序列的趋势项;采用"拉依达准则"剔除时间序列中的奇异值;采用4参数三角函数拟合出时间序列的周期与幅度;分析东向、北向、垂向3个方向的年周期、半年周期的振幅与最大值出现月份在我国的空间分布情况。分析结果表明:3方向年周期的振幅都是半年周期振幅的两倍以上,3个方向不同周期振幅的空间分布规律差异明显。     

子载波相位与BOC信号功率谱密度的关系研究

首先介绍了导航信号功率谱密度求解的一种通用方法,基于该方法,经过建模和推导,得到任意相位子载波BOC(二进制偏移载波)信号的功率谱密度显式表达式。通过仿真及分析表明,不同的子载波相位对应的BOC信号功率谱密度存在差别,正是这些差别影响了导航系统的性能,同时也为导航系统的信号体制设计带来了灵活性。文中得到的一些结论,可以给未来的导航信号体制设计中BOC信号子载波相位的选择提供一些借鉴。     

MSSA在GPS坐标序列分析中的应用

本文选取CMONOC位于云南省域的4个测站坐标序列作为试验对象,利用多通道奇异谱分析(MSSA)对序列进行缺失数据的插补及季节性信号的提取.试验结果表明,MSSA迭代插补精度在水平方向优于1.5 mm,在垂直方向上优于4 mm,表现均好于三次样条插值,而且当序列的缺失率升高、连续性减弱时依然不失其优越性;对比MSSA及...     

Sea level time series and ocean tide analysis from multipath signals at five GPS sites in different parts of the world

We present sea level observations derived from the analysis of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data recorded by five coastal GPS stations. These stations are located in different regions around the world, both in the northern and in the southern hemisphere, in different multipath environments, from rural coastal areas to busy harbors, and experience different tidal ranges.The recorded SNR data show periodic variations that originate from multipath, i.e. the interference of direct and reflected signals. The general assumption is that for satellite arcs facing the open sea, the rapid SNR variations are due to reflections off the sea surface. The SNR data recorded from these azimuth intervals were analyzed by spectral analysis with two methods: a standard analysis method assuming a static sea level during a satellite arc and an extended analysis method assuming a time dependent sea level during a satellite arc.The GPS-derived sea level results are compared to sea level records from co-located traditional tide gauges, both in the time and in the frequency domain. The sea level time series are highly correlated with correlation coefficients to the order of 0.89–0.99. The root-mean-square (RMS) difference is 6.2 cm for the station with the lowest tidal range of 165 cm and 43 cm for the station with the highest tidal range of 772 cm. The relative accuracy, defined as the ratio of RMS and tidal range, is between 2.4% and 10.0% for all stations.Comparing the standard analysis method and the extended analysis method, the results based on the extended analysis method agree better with the independent tide gauge records for the stations with a high tidal range. For the station with the highest tidal range (772 cm), the RMS is reduced by 47% when using the extended analysis method. Furthermore, the results also indicate that the standard analysis method, assuming a static sea level, can be used for stations with a tidal range of up to about 270 cm, without performing significantly worse than the extended analysis method.Tidal amplitudes and phases are derived by harmonic analysis of the sea level records. Again, a high level of agreement is observed between the tide gauge and the GPS-derived results. Comparing the GPS-derived results, the results based on the extended analysis method show a higher degree of agreement with the traditional tide gauge results for stations with larger tidal ranges. Spectral analysis of the residuals after the harmonic analysis reveals remaining signal power at multiples of the draconitic day. This indicates that the observed SNR data are to some level disturbed by additional multipath signals, in particular for GPS stations that are located in harbors.