煤田地质勘探工程监理工作中的要点论述

煤田地质勘探工程正逐步引进监理工作制。结合锡林浩特胜利煤田东区二号露天煤矿地质勘探工程,在简要介绍监理组织机构、监理职责的基础上,重点论述了煤田地质勘探工程监理工作的要点。     

中国大陆科学钻探工程主孔斜长角闪岩中锆石的SHRIMPU-Pb定年及其地质意义

矿物包裹体激光拉曼测试、阴极发光图像分析和SHILIMPU—Pb定年综合研究结果表明,中国大陆科学钻探主孔斜长角闪岩（样品G12）中的锆石可划分为2种类型：第一类颗粒粗大,舍有大量矿物包裹体和杂质;第二类颗粒细小,舍有少量矿物包裹体且十分干净。第一类锆石具有明显的双层结构。核部阴极发光图像显示典型的岩浆结晶环带,相应的矿物包裹体为单斜辉石（Cpx）＋斜长石（P1）＋磷灰石（Ap）±石英（Qtz）,表明其寄主岩石的原岩为基性岩浆岩;边部阴极发光图像十分均匀,保存柯石英（Coe）＋石榴子石（Grt）＋绿辉石（Omp）＋多硅白云母（Phe）＋磷灰石（Ap）等标志性超高压包裹体矿物组合,记录的变质温压条件为T=732-839℃、p=3．0-4．0GPa,表明该类变质增生锆石微区形成于超高压变质阶段。第二类锆石阴极发光图像十分均匀,发光性明显增强,保存角闪石（Amp）＋斜长石（P1）等标志性角闪岩相包裹体矿物组合,记录的变质温压条件为T=612-698℃、p=0．76-1．05GPa,表明该类锆石形成于后期角闪岩相退变质阶段。SHRIMPU-Pb定年结果显示,继承性岩浆结晶锆石核部记录的^206Pb／灿的年龄为685-650Ma．表明其原岩形成于新元古代;舍柯石英等超高压矿物包裹体的边部记录的^206Pb／^238U年龄为243-225Ma,表明超高压变质时代应归属于晚三叠世。第二类舍低压包裹体矿物的锆石微区记录的^206Pb／^238U年龄为219-210Ma．应代表后期角闪岩相退变质作用的时代。上述研究结果表明,苏鲁地体斜长角闪岩的原岩在晚三叠世深俯冲至上地幔100-120km的地幔深处并经历了超高压变质作用。约15Ma之后,这些超高压岩石抬升到约25km的中部地壳,并经历了后期角闪岩相退变质作用的改造。相应的折返速率为0．57cm／y。     

勘误《辞源》与《词典》关于翡翠玉石词汇的解释

本文基于翡翠历史概念研究的一些过往突破,通过训诂学的方法分析了<辞源>与<汉语大词典>关于翡翠玉石词汇的解释,发现了在古文记载引用和解释方面存在失误,需要修改.古代的"金翠"、"珠翠"、"翠玉"概念和东汉班固<西都赋>中的"翡翠火齐"概念都是渊源于点翠工艺,分别指黄金 翠羽、珍珠 翠羽、翠羽 美玉、翠羽 火齐宝石."翠玉"和"翡翠"都可衍生为指"翠竹",而南宋杜绾著<云林石谱>中的"于阗石"或者"于阗翡翠"指的实际是青金(lapis lazuli).因此,将清代以前的"翡翠"概念简单地解释为"碧玉"或者"绿玉"(绿色软玉)是错误的.     

首次在冈底斯发现主碰撞期斑岩铜矿——来自西藏吉如斑岩铜矿辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄的证据

西藏吉如斑岩铜矿位于冈底斯成矿带中段,其辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄显示矿床的成矿年龄为48～51Ma左右,即印度一亚洲大陆碰撞的主碰撞期的中晚阶段,明显不同于同一矿带已发现的驱龙、冲江等矿床。这类矿床在冈底斯还是第一次被发现,具有重大理论及实践意义。     

贵州省岔河勘探区主采煤层瓦斯压力分析

分析岔河勘探区龙潭组主要煤层6号煤瓦斯压力的实测结果,及部分钻孔依据煤层瓦斯含量计算的瓦斯压力,得出该主采煤层瓦斯压力均大于煤层突出危险性指标的临界值0.74MPa,说明该区主煤层存在突出危险性。比较实测瓦斯压力与计算结果,认为计算结果偏小的原因与煤层瓦斯含量有关：一是在钻具提升过程中部分瓦斯逃逸,造成煤样解吸测定过程中累计解吸的气体量变小;二是气体损失存在误差;三是解吸化验时间过长,产生泄出现象,导致实测瓦斯含量偏小。     

Geology of the Hubert Miller seamount,Marie Byrd seamounts province,Amundsen Sea,West Antarctic

This work is dedicated to the results of joint Russian-German geodynamic studies carried out in the West Antarctic (areas of the Amundsen Sea, the Southern Ocean, the Marie Byrd seamounts, and the foot of the continental slope of Marie Byrd Land) during cruises 18/5a and 23/4 of the “R/V Polarstern” in 2001 and 2006, respectively. The material collected on the Hubert Miller seamount (Marie Byrd seamount) attests to the relict continental appearance of the rocks. This suggests the heterogeneity of the Amundsen seafloor and its formation through a spatiotemporal combination of the destruction of continental crust, progressive thalassogenesis (oceanization-taphrogenesis), and rifting, as opposed to a spreading origin. The high postconsolidation mobility during the destruction stage led to the areal dismembering and high permeability of the continental crust, as well as tectonomagmatic activation. The main process during the reworking of the continental crust is its magmatic substitution by mantle-derived basic-ultrabasic material with subsequent formation of a secondary oceanic crust and preservation of relics of the continental crust. The endogenic activity of the Earth was driven by transmagmatic fluids, which were supplied from the liquid core and caused transformation of the Earth’s crust and mantle.     

A hybrid method for Chinese address segmentation

Chinese address segmentation is a serious challenge in geographic information system geocoding. Most previous studies have relied on predefined gazetteers without considering the information contained by a raw address corpus. In this paper, a hybrid method employing both rule-based and statistical methods is proposed for Chinese address segmentation without a predefined gazetteer. This approach utilizes statistical methods to extract address information from a raw address corpus and a rule-based method to segment Chinese addresses. Two typical statistical methods and their combinations with rule-based methods are compared with the hybrid method in an experiment involving approximately 460,000 address items in Shenzhen City, China. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method achieves an F-score of over 0.8, which is better than those of existing methods, thus validating the proposed method.     

近40a贵州主汛期降水时空变化及其异常年低频特征分析

选取1977—2016年国家气象信息中心提供的贵州82站逐日降水资料,利用合成分析、显著性检验、小波分析、带通滤波等方法,分析了近40 a贵州5—8月(简称主汛期,下同)降水的时空分布特征,以及典型涝年、典型旱年的低频降水特征。结果表明:贵州主汛期降水呈现明显的年代际变化特征,其多年平均总降水量呈现南多北少的趋势,总降水量大值区主要集中在贵州的西南部地区(六盘水市、安顺市中西部和黔西南州西部)。典型涝年和典型旱年的平均主汛期总降水量以西南部最为明显,且各自主汛期降水的低频振荡周期差别不明显;10～20 d是贵州主汛期降水普遍存在的显著低频周期,典型涝年存在30～40 d低频周期,典型旱年存在较弱的35～45 d低频周期,低频降水主要发生在6月和7月。     

移民对中国在美国直接投资的影响研究

基于中国对美国各州的移民和直接投资数据,运用重心模型分析得出：美国华人移民的人口重心和集聚重心均向东北方向移动,中国对美国直接投资的重心变化区域也位于美国东、中部地区,二者在空间上的重叠性和耦合性日益增强。进而运用灰色关联法实证华人移民对中国在美国直接投资的影响处于中等水平,且影响长期稳定。     

白令海陆架区夏季水文分布特征及年际变化

On the basis of the CTD data obtained within the Bering Sea shelf by the Second to Sixth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in the summers of 2003, 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014, the classification and interannual variation of water masses on the central Bering Sea shelf and the northern Bering Sea shelf are analyzed. The results indicate that there are both connection and difference between two regions in hydrological features. On the central Bering Sea shelf, there are mainly four types of water masses distribute orderly from the slope to the coast of Alaska: Bering Slope Current Water(BSCW), MW(Mixed Water), Bering Shelf Water(BSW) and Alaska Coastal Water(ACW). In summer, BSW can be divided into Bering Shelf Surface Water(BSW_S) and Bering Shelf Cold Water(BSW_C). On the northern Bering Sea shelf near the Bering Strait,it contains Anadyr Water(AW), BSW and ACW from west to east. But the spatial-temporal features are also remarkable in each region. On the central shelf, the BSCW is saltiest and occupies the west of 177°W, which has the highest salinity in 2014. The BSW_C is the coldest water mass and warmest in 2014; the ACW is freshest and mainly occupies the east of 170°W, which has the highest temperature and salinity in 2012. On the northern Bering Sea shelf near the Bering Strait, the AW is saltiest with temperature decreasing sharply compared with BSCW on the central shelf. In the process of moving northward to the Bering Strait, the AW demonstrates a trend of eastward expansion. The ACW is freshest but saltier than the ACW on the central shelf,which is usually located above the BSW and is saltiest in 2014. The BSW distributes between the AW and the ACW and coldest in 2012, but the cold water of the BSW_C on the central shelf, whose temperature less than 0°C, does not exist on the northern shelf. Although there are so many changes, the respond to a climate change is synchronized in the both regions, which can be divided into the warm years(2003 and 2014) and cold years(2008, 2010 and 2012). The year of 2014 may be a new beginning of warm period.