燕山板内造山带中部“承德逆冲构造”的褶皱相关断裂构造模型

燕山板内造山带中部承德盆地复杂的中生代褶皱及逆冲断裂构造,曾被解释为土城子组沉积之后大型逆冲推覆构造(位移量大于40～45km)又经褶皱变形的结果。近年来,土城子组沉积相和物源区分析、中新元古界沉积古地理研究以及相关构造变形研究结果等,对这一变形大型逆冲构造模型提出了多方位质疑。但已有研究并未提出新的构造模型来解释这一复杂构造区域中生代构造变形样式和形成机制。文中通过对承德盆地区域主体构造——承德向斜、向斜两翼逆冲构造变形几何学与运动学特征、向斜转折端附近构造变形与断裂发育状况进行详细野外调查及对关键地质体同位素地质年代进行测试,发现承德向斜两翼逆冲断层为分别向向斜核部以外区域逆冲的独立逆冲断层,逆冲断层活动与承德向斜变形是在统一的收缩变形体制下准同时形成的。它们形成于土城子组之后、张家口组火山活动之前,即距今约139～136 Ma。据此提出了"承德逆冲构造"的背离向斜逆冲构造模型。这一模型合理地解释了燕山中部承德盆地区域中生代构造变形和相应的盆地充填特征,同时表明,燕山板内造山带并不存在碰撞造山带前陆褶皱逆冲带中常见的大型薄皮逆冲构造样式。这一研究结果展示了褶皱相关断裂构造模型在研究和揭示收缩构造变形区域大尺度褶皱与断裂构造相互关系及准确重建区域构造演化过程方面的重要意义。     

鄂尔多斯盆地天环向斜盐矿床地质特征

鄂尔多斯盆地天环向斜下白垩统志丹群蕴藏着丰富的石盐岩.含盐地层厚229～248m,纯盐岩层厚0.50～1.00m,MaCl含量93%～100%,预测储量约2.7亿t,是一个中型矿田.     

韶山煤田荷田向斜的发现及研究意义

逐一剖析了以往地质资料对荷田含煤区的地质构造解释方案，再现了不同的构造解释方案对应着不同的勘查工作价值，论述了荷田向斜的推断依据和方法，依此提出了湖南今后开展“三下”找煤的重点区。     

鄂西仁和坪向斜煤系高岭岩的矿石特征及应用前景

对鄂西仁和坪向斜二叠系梁山组煤系高岭岩成矿地质特征及矿石组分的研究表明,该地区高岭岩矿床属碎屑沉积型,以硬质高岭岩为主,矿层层位稳定,矿石中高岭石多呈隐晶至微晶片状结构,且纯度高(高岭石含量90%～95%),具有低Mn(<30×10-6)高Ti(>0.5%)的特点,矿石中Fe、Mg、Ca、Na、K、Mn、S、As及重金属元素Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Tl等有害组分含量普遍较低。综合分析认为本区高岭岩属功能化极强的优质高岭石原料,在橡胶、塑料、涂料、药用包装等领域有广阔的应用前景。     

涟邵煤田金竹山向斜构造应力场探讨

根据共扼剪、张节理和小褶皱发育特征的综合管理,本文恢复了金竹山向斜史古生代以来的主要４期构造应力场,探讨了该向斜的形成和演化过程。     

Genetic model of hanging wall syncline and central dome in extensional fault

Hanging wall syncline and central dome are special extension structures, developing over the hanging wall in an extensional ramp-flat fault. Under the condition that the flat is sub-horizontal, the hanging wall syncline is separated from the half graben by the central dome. And on the dome forms an erosional surface. Both sediments in the half graben and erosional surface on the top of the central dome extended over the dome and entered into the hanging wall syncline with extension going on. Meanwhile, those having entered were overlapped by new sedimentary layers in the hanging wall syncline, so that there is a together-threaded, diachronic unconformity to form in the same epoch stratum. The layers in the hanging wall syncline also have an attribute of migrating laterally and getting tilted with extension. There is no sedimentation on the central dome. But sediments, which came from the half graben, got thicker over the dome in extension.     

Lisiguangite,CuPtBiS3, a New Platinum‐Group Mineral from the Yanshan Mountains,Hebei, China

Lisiguangite, CuPtBiS3, is a new mineral species discovered in a PEG-bearing, Co-Cu sulfide vein in garnet pyroxenite of the Yanshan Mountains, Chengde Prefecture, Hebei Province, China. It is associated with chalcopyrite and bornite, galena, minor pyrite, carrolite, molybdenite and the platinum-group minerals daomanite (CuPtAsS2), Co-bearing malanite (Cu(Pt, Co)2S4) sperrylite, moncheite, cooperite and malyshevite (CuPdBiS3), rare damiaoite (Pt2In3) and yixunite (Pt3In). Lisiguangite occurs as idiomorphic crystals, tabular or lamellae (010) and elongated [100] or as aggregates, up to 2 mm long and 0.5 mm wide. The mineral is opaque, has lead-gray color, black streak and metallic luster. The mineral is non-fluorescent. The observed morphology displays the following forms: pinacoids {100}, {010}, {001}, and prism {110}. No twining is observed. The a:b:c ratio, calculated from unit-cell parameters, is 0.6010:1:0.3836. Cleavage: {010} perfect, {001} distinct, {100} may be visible. H Mohs: 21/2; VHN25=46.7-49.8 (mean 48.3) kg/mm2. Tenacity: brittle. Lisiguangite is bright white with a yellowish tint. In reflected light it shows neither internal reflections nor bireflectance or pleochroism. It has weak to moderate anisotropy (blue-greenish to brownish) and parallel-axial extinction. The reflectance values in air (and in oil) for R3, R4 and (imR3, imR4), at the standard Commission on Ore Mineralogy wavelengths are: 37.5, 35.7 (23.4, 22.3) at 470 nm; 38.6, 36.5 (23.6, 22.6) at 546 nm; 39.4, 37.5 (23.6, 22.7) at 589 nm and 40.3, 38.2 (23.7, 22.9) at 650 nm. The average of eight electron-microprobe analyses: Cu 12.98, Pt 30.04, Pd 2.69, Bi 37.65 and S 17.55, totaling 100.91%, corresponding to Cu1.10(Pt 0.83, Pd0.14)Σ0.97Bi0.97S2.96 based on six atoms apfu. The ideal formula is CuPtBiS3. The mineral is orthorhombic. Space group: P212121, a=7.7152(15)?,b=12.838(3)?, c=4.9248(10)?, V=487.80(17)?3, Z=4. The six strongest lines in the X-ray powder-diffraction pattern [d in ? (I) (h k l) are 6.40(30)(020), 3.24(80)(031), 3.03(100)(201), 2.27(40)(051), 2.14(50)(250), 1.865(60)(232).     

湘西地区黔阳次级成锰盆地锰矿地质特征及找矿潜力分析—以大岩坳向斜南东翼为例

湘西地区黔阳次级成锰盆地位于扬子陆块东南缘,构造位置上属雪峰山板内造山带南-东端。盆地内锰矿床为具有“内源外生”特征的南华系中统大塘坡组,处于大岩坳向斜的东南翼的半局限浅海盆地中,为沉积变质型锰矿床,据笔者工作资料矿体受大塘坡组黑色含锰炭质板岩控制,亦受加里东期构造控制,矿体呈层状、似层状及串珠状.物相分析表明矿石矿物近地表主要为氧化锰矿,地表10m以下为菱锰矿。本文通过对典型矿床照洞锰矿矿区的矿床地质特征、古构造环境综合分析,推测该区具有较大的找矿潜力。     

毛坝向斜核部岩溶水绕轴径流的同位素示踪分析

本文针对圆梁山隧道毛坝向斜段岩溶地下水问题,利用环境同位素及地下水氘过量参数示踪原理,探讨了该区深层岩溶水的形成、补给、循环交替等信息。结果表明,向斜核部的深部承压水,同时接受向斜东翼和西翼大气降水的补给。T1d含水层,受垂直入渗的影响较大;P2ω c含水层,受上覆地层水和向斜东翼层间水入渗的影响明显;P1q m含水层与上覆地层含水层不存在直接的水力联系,但受到来自F02断层和不整合面有限渗流的影响。向斜核部水的渗流方向是从两翼指向核部,且流速较慢,不存在绕轴迳流。     

褶皱中和面位置确定及其在六盘水涝河向斜中的应用

假定弯曲流动褶皱的多层岩层是由多个各向同性的弹性薄层粘合而成的非均匀板,基于弹性薄板理论,研究了褶皱岩层仅受纯弯曲作用时褶皱中和面的位置的确定问题,得出了用各岩层弹性模量、泊松比和岩层厚度表示的褶皱中和面位置公式。结合贵州六盘水煤田涝河向斜,计算了涝河向斜褶皱中和面处于龙潭组9号煤层的底板岩层细砂岩中,距茅口组底部966 m, 煤岩层距离中和面越近,褶皱构造对其瓦斯赋存影响越少,使得该处的瓦斯含量与翼部差值就越小。研究成果对煤层气开发及煤与瓦斯突出防治具有一定的指导作用。