铂族元素矿床研究现状及对山东找铂矿的建议

山东省还没有发现过独立的铂族元素矿床，但在济南历城铜镍矿床中存在可回收的伴生铂族元素。在众多的中生代金矿床中铂族元素常常出现，虽然还没有经济意义，但可作为寻找新的铂族元素矿床的线索。根据近年来国内外铂族元素地质找矿与成矿理论研究的新进展，在山东寻找铂族元素矿床是值得注意的。山东可能存在多个时代(太古宙、元古宙和中生代)的成矿作用，矿床类型也可能是多种多样的，如与基性一超基性岩有关的济南历城式铜硫镍化物型矿床、与金伯利岩筒有关的铂族元素矿床和热液成因多元素组合的铂族元素矿床等。     

镁铁—超镁铁质岩浆中铂族元素的富集机理：综述与实例

目前陆地上可利用的铂族元素(PGE)资源主要来自与镁铁—超镁铁质岩浆密切相关的岩浆硫化物矿床。岩浆硫化物矿床成矿理论关注的一个重要问题就是镁铁—超镁铁质岩浆中PGE的富集机理。经典成矿理论认为,由于PGE在平衡的硫化物熔体与硅酸盐熔体之间具有极高的分配系数(105～106),PGE富集成矿主要与成矿体系中硅酸盐熔体与硫化物熔体的质量比有关(R-factor)。但是近些年来,许多新的实验岩石学结果和天然矿石样品纳米尺度PGE赋存状态的观测结果对这一经典理论提出了挑战。本文列举了一些相关的研究实例,显示硅酸盐熔体中的PGE纳米颗粒可以被硫化物或铬铁矿机械捕获、并通过定向附着生长、聚集、粗化和融合,最终形成纳米颗粒集合体和纳米合金。另外,岩浆中半金属元素(TABS,即Te、As、Bi、Sb、Sn)和Se可以与PGE优先形成各种互化物,从而富集于砷化物、铋化物、碲化物或硒化物中,而非硫化物中。因此,镁铁—超镁铁质岩浆体系中PGE的富集可能不仅受其在硫化物熔体中极高的分配系数控制,一些物理过程导致的PGE分配以及半金属元素对PGE的富集作用也不容忽视。由于矿石中的铂族矿物一般为纳—微米级,采用聚...     

Studying the dwarf galaxies in nearby groups of galaxies: Spectroscopic and photometric data

Galaxy evolution by interaction‐driven transformation is probably highly efficient in groups of galaxies. Dwarf galaxies with their shallow potential are expected to reflect the interaction most prominently in their observable structure. The major aim of this series of papers is to establish a data base which allows to study the impact of group interaction onto the morphology and star‐forming properties of dwarf galaxies. Firstly, we present our selection rules for target groups and the morphological selection method of target dwarf member candidates. Secondly, the spectroscopic follow‐up observations with the HET are presented. Thirdly, we applied own reduction methods based on adaptive filtering to derive surface photometry of the candidates. The spectroscopic follow‐up indicate a dwarf identification success rate of roughly 55 %, and a group member success rate of about 33 %. A total of 17 new low surface‐brightness members is presented. For all candidates, total magnitudes, colours, and light distribution parameters are derived and discussed in the context of scaling relations. We point out short comings of the SDSS standard pipeline for surface photometry for these dim objects. We conclude that our selection strategy is rather efficient to obtain a sample of dim, low surface brightness members of groups of galaxies within the Virgo super‐cluster. The photometric scaling relation in these X‐ray dim, rather isolated groups does not significantly differ from those of the galaxies within the local volume. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Rayleigh Wave Group Velocity Distribution in Ningxia

In this article, seven months ambient noise data and 10 events recorded at seven digital stations from the Ningxia (宁夏) regional seismic network and 5 500-t controlled source explosion data recorded by 15 temporary and 7 permanent seismic stations are used to measure dispersion curves of fundamental mode Rayleigh waves. The study region was divided into grids with 0.1°×0.1°; group velocity distributions of Rayleigh waves from 6-22 s were determined with the Occam's inversion technique. These velocity distri...     

张八岭群火山岩地球化学特征及其构造学意义

安徽滁州张八岭地区的张八岭群分为2组。一是下部北将军组,以千枚岩和片岩为主;二是上部西冷岩组,主要为一套变质火山岩系。张八岭岩群的细碧-石英角斑岩系主要发育于西冷岩组中,具多旋回特点。细碧-石英角斑岩系以石英角斑岩为主,细碧岩次之,角斑岩类稀少。该岩系的火山岩富碱、富钠,具双峰值特征,其主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素地球化学特征表明,它形成于非造山张性环境,为裂陷槽,是与晚元古代罗迪尼亚(Rodinia)超大陆裂解有关的岩浆作用的产物。     

黑龙江东部大三江盆地群城子河组和穆棱组时期重矿物特征及物源分析

应用数理统计及Q型聚类分析方法,对大三江盆地群主要盆地20口钻井早白垩世城子河组和穆棱组砂岩中的重矿物进行了重矿物ZTR指数、稳定指数以及组合特征分析.城子河组和穆棱组重矿物ZTR指数等值线图都具有由边部向中心逐渐增大的趋势,而这两个组的重矿物稳定系数整体也较低,反映出成盆初期重矿物稳定性弱的特点,并根据重矿物种类将研...     

Interpretation of channelized architecture using three-dimensional photo real models, Pennsylvanian deep-water deposits at Big Rock Quarry, Arkansas

Mapping geological details and interpreting three-dimensional geometries in a highly heterogeneous outcrop such as the exposure at Big Rock Quarry has been a continuous challenge especially because high vertical cliffs make access to most of the rocks difficult for direct geological observations. Previous interpretations of facies architecture were derived from gamma-ray profiles, a core and measurements made on two-dimensional photomosaics. This paper represents the first attempt of three-dimensional interpretation of the geometry and facies pattern of the Jackfork nested channel complex deposited at the base-of-slope.Examination of the photo real model of the outcrop with assigned lithologies allowed extraction of accurate 3-D qualitative, as well as quantitative (channel dimensions) geometric information. This facilitated interpretation and reconstruction of the submarine channel complex architecture making possible correlations of strata exposed on the two sides of the quarry.Most of the exposed vertically and laterally stacked channels are large, aggradational with well-defined axial regions overlain by matrix-supported breccia which grades upward into amalgamated sandstones. The thickness of the sandstone decreases toward the southeastern end of the quarry where more shale is present. The channel infill consists of thin-bedded sandstones interlayered with shale which overlain the breccia. The upper part of the quarry is made up of smaller, lateral migrating channels.Significant channel width and thickness variation can be recognized at outcrop scale. Thirty-eight identified channels are characterized by a relatively low aspect ratio (4:1 to 32:1) with channel dimensions ranging from 25 m to 314 m wide and 2 m-24 m deep. Bed thickness distributions of various facies show that the sandstone comprises a significant proportion (83%) of the total channel thickness, while shale and breccia represent about 8%, and 17% respectively. This yields a high net-to gross ratio of more than 80%.Compared to previous reconstructions our 3-D photo real model is more accurate and it can be used to calibrate simulation of processes in deep-water environments.     

沿海城市群城际快速轨道交通系统评价方法研究及应用

针对以交通客流预测结果为基础所提出的城市群城际快速轨道交通系统初步规划方案,通过建立基于系统效益、经济效益和社会环境效益等3个方面的指标体系,构建适合我国城市群交通发展现状和趋势的评价模型和方法,对城市群轨道交通系统的结构与功能进行衡量和评估,辨别系统发展程度,对规划线网进行评价,从总体上对城际轨道交通系统规划方案的可靠性与合理性进行验证。     

文人主导下的群体性办刊模式——20世纪40年代港版《文艺生活》的办刊模式及其省思

在20世纪40年代后期香港特殊的时空环境中,国内流亡文人与其所办刊物的生存方式是一个耐人寻味的话题。司马文森之于港版《文艺生活》月刊的办刊策略适时调整为文人主导下的群体性办刊模式,主要表现为出版资金的群体性支持,发行上的群众性和杂志稿源的群众性。这种独特的办刊模式不仅丰富了人们对20世纪40年代文学期刊办刊模式的认识,有助于人们更加深入地了解四十年代现代文学(尤其是华南现代文学)和现代作家的历史境遇和现代命运,而且对于当下一些文学杂志以及其他刊物的办刊策略和市场运作等方面具有后瞻性的意义和价值。     

城市道路环境PGEs含量分布

以乌鲁木齐市为研究区,分析了城市道路环境PGEs含量水平和分布特征,并探讨了其来源变化.样品经王水消解后由ICP-MS测定.研究结果表明:鸟鲁木齐市道路灰尘Rh、Pd、Pt浓度分别达到10.27(3.83～19.10)ng/g、100.49(20.94～244.9)ng/g、37.01(5.79～93.71)ng/g,...