北京市砂石坑对环境的影响

本文主要从砂石坑对北京地区大气质量、地下水和土地三方面,阐述了砂石坑对环境的影响,并提出了治理建议。     

The globular cluster system of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy: the age of Terzan 8

We present deep V - and I -band CCD photometry of the globular cluster Terzan 8, recently found to be a member of the globular cluster system of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy. We accurately estimate the metallicity of Terzan 8, and provide the first direct determination of the colour excess toward this cluster. Our robust age estimate confirms that this cluster is indeed coeval with typical Galactic globulars of comparable metal content, and thus it is probably significantly older than at least two other Sagittarius clusters, Terzan 7 and Arp 2. The implications of this result on the star formation history of the Sagittarius galaxy are briefly discussed.     

5－（4－羧基苯偶氮）－8－（对甲苯磺酰氨基）－喹啉与金显色反应研究及应用

以８－氨基喹啉为母体，合成了新试剂５－（４－羧基苯偶氮）－８－（对甲苯磺酰氨基）－喹啉（ＣＰＴＳＱ），研究了它与Ａｕ的显色反应，在ＣＴＭＡＢ存在下，于ｐＨ１０～１３的ＮａＯＨ介质中，ＣＰＴＳＱ与Ａｕ形成２：１紫蓝色络合物，最大吸收峰位于６１０ｎｍ，摩尔吸光系数１．０×ｌ０５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，Ａｕ含量在０～１．２ｍｇ／Ｌ内符合比尔定律。方法选择性好，灵敏度高，操作简便，已用于金矿石样品中Ａｕ的测定，结果满意。     

海底底质声学原位测量电路控制系统研究

介绍了一种液压驱动贯入式海底沉积声学原位测量系统的电路控制单元的研究实现过程,以及该控制单元在南海北部海底沉积声学调查中的应用。该电路控制单元以Cortex-A8处理器为核心,集成大容量FLASH存储器,与单片机接口控制板进行串口通讯,实现对声学发射采集单元和机械液压贯入单元的可视化控制和监测。基于该电路控制单元,海底底质声学原位测量系统兼具自容式和在线式两种工作模式,可自容记录或实时采集声学原位测量单元在海底的工作状态数据、海底沉积物声速和声衰减系数等声学特性数据。该声学原位测量系统的实验室联调及南海海试结果表明,使用该电路控制单元对海底底质声学测量过程的监测与控制是有效的,对精确获取海底底质的原位声学特性有重要作用,可以促进海底底质声学原位测量系统的产品化。     

砂岩型铀矿含矿层中隔、夹层识别及厚度确定——以十红滩铀矿床为例

在利用综合测井资料,分析十红滩铀矿床含矿含水层的隔层、夹层物性特征的基础上,阐述了隔层、夹层的成因及其空间展布,并对其厚度进行了确定,讨论了隔层、夹层与砂岩型铀矿的关系以及对铀资源/储量估算和地浸工艺的影响。认为隔、夹层对层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿的形成和地浸开采有重要影响,同时其厚度的确定对于铀矿体的圈定和铀资源/储量的估算,具有重要的现实意义。     

IMP 8 magnetosheath field comparisons with models

This study presents cross-sectional vector maps of the magnetic field derived from IMP 8 magnetometer in the magnetosheath at 30 R_e behind the Earth. In addition the vector patterns of the magnetosheath field for northward, southward, and east-west interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) directions are qualitatively compared with those obtained from the Spreiter-Stahara gas dynamic (GD) and Fedder-Lyon magnetohydrodynamic models (MHD). The main purpose is to display the cross-sectional differences in relation to the dayside merging with different IMF directions, allowing the reader to make direct visual comparisons of the vector patterns. It is seen that for east-west IMF directions, the data-based and MHD-based patterns differ noticeably in a similar way from the GD model, presumably reflecting the influence of dayside magnetic merging of the Earths magnetic field with the y-component of the interplanetary magnetic field. All three northward IMF cross sections show comparable field draping patterns as expected for a closed magnetosphere. For southward IMF case, on the other hand, differences between the three cross-sectional patterns are greater as seen in the field vector sizes and directions, especially closer to the magnetopause where more disturbed magneto-spheric conditions are known to be exist. The data comparisons with the MHD and GD models show that the differences result from the magnetic field-flow coupling and that the effects of dayside reconnection are present in IMP 8 magnetic field measurements.     

Prediction of diagenetic facies using well logs – A case study from the upper Triassic Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin,China

Understanding diagenetic heterogeneity in tight sandstone reservoirs is vital for hydrocarbon exploration. As a typical tight sandstone reservoir, the seventh unit of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin (Chang 7 unit), central China, is an important oil-producing interval. Results of helium porosity and permeability and petrographic assessment from thin sections, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and cathodoluminescence analysis demonstrate that the sandstones have encountered various diagenetic processes encompassing mechanical and chemical compaction, cementation by carbonate, quartz, clay minerals, and dissolution of feldspar and lithic fragments. The sandstones comprise silt-to medium-grained lithic arkoses to feldspathic litharenites and litharenites, which have low porosity (0.5%–13.6%, with an average of 6.8%) and low permeability (0.009 × 10⁻³ μm² to 1.818 × 10⁻³ μm², with an average of 0.106 × 10⁻³ μm²).This study suggests that diagenetic facies identified from petrographic observations can be up-scaled by correlation with wire-line log responses, which can facilitate prediction of reservoir quality at a field-scale. Four diagenetic facies are determined based on petrographic features including intensity of compaction, cement types and amounts, and degree of dissolution. Unstable and labile components of sandstones can be identified by low bulk density and low gamma ray log values, and those sandstones show the highest reservoir quality. Tightly compacted sandstones/siltstones, which tend to have high gamma ray readings and relatively high bulk density values, show the poorest reservoir quality. A model based on principal component analysis (PCA) is built and show better prediction of diagenetic facies than biplots of well logs. The model is validated by blind testing log-predicted diagenetic facies against petrographic features from core samples of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin, which indicates it is a helpful predictive model.     

库车坳陷依奇克里克地区下侏罗统阿合组致密砂岩储层的成岩差异性特征研究

塔里木盆地库车坳陷依奇克里克地区深层致密砂岩储层的非均质性强,成岩成藏过程复杂。根据岩心观察、薄片鉴定、流体包裹体、荧光特征及碳氧同位素等分析,对下侏罗统阿合组致密砂岩的岩石类型、成岩演化及其差异性特征进行了研究。研究表明,阿合组致密砂岩分为强钙质胶结砂岩(C类)、富刚性颗粒岩屑砂岩(A类)、含塑性颗粒岩屑砂岩(D类)、富塑性颗粒岩屑砂岩(B类)4类,经历了两期油气充注,不同类型砂岩的成岩、致密化及成藏过程差异明显。A类砂岩的构造缝及溶蚀孔隙均较发育,渗透率较高、孔隙度分布范围广,代表第二期油气充注的蓝色荧光强。D类砂岩的长石及软岩屑含量稍高,晚期溶蚀作用发育,孔隙度较高、渗透率低,黄色和蓝色荧光共存。A、D两类为有效的致密气藏储层,成岩、成藏过程有差异,D类砂岩早期与晚期油气充注共存,早期油气充注减缓后期压实和碳酸盐胶结作用的发生,有利于晚期酸性溶蚀及油气充注。A类砂岩裂缝发育,对储集性能的影响大,渗透性好,晚期油气充注受早期油气充注的影响小。     

频谱激电法的发展与展望

从频谱激电法的发展概况﹑仪器系统、数学模型、反演方法及应用等方面,介绍了频谱激电法的研究现状。介绍了频谱激电法目前常用的仪器系统:SIP?FUCHSII和V8,数据模型主要有:Cole-Cole、常相位角模型CPA、普通化的Cole-Cole模型和理论模型SNP。反演方法简要介绍了几种常用算法,反演算法也由一维、二维发展到三维。列举了频谱激电法近年来在矿产资源、水资源调查等多个领域的应用概况,展望了频谱激电法的发展方向:(1)同时考虑激电效应和电磁效应的三维电磁场正演计算技术是研究的前沿和热点;(2)频谱激电法对有机污染的探查成为未来应用研究的新领域。     

志丹地区长9储集层物性特征研究

长9储集层属于鄂尔多斯盆地延长组湖泊发育早期,油源关系复杂,前期的沉积作用和后期的成岩作用共同塑造了储层低孔低渗的特征。储层的物性是连结岩性和含油性之间的重要环节,加大对低孔低渗储层物性的分析,有利于储层其他方面特征的研究。在对储层孔隙度和渗透率作深入分析的基础上,使用反映储层孔隙度比较灵敏的声波时差测井曲线,来研究其物性特征。通过建立米产液量和声波时差的对应关系,确定声波时差下限,再根据声波时差和储层物性之间的关系式,最终确定储层孔隙度和渗透率下限,为储层含油性特征、有利区优选等方面的研究提供依据。