Evidences for Incipient Hydrothermal Event(s) in the Central Indian Basin: A Review

1 IntroductionMetalliferous sediments and mounds occur in all majortectonic settings in the oceans (e.g., the Galapagos Rift,East Pacific Rise (EPR), Bauer Deep and Central Basin ofthe Pacific; Heath and Dymond, 1977). Further, massivesulphide deposits and high-temperature vents have beenreported along the mid-ocean ridges (MOR). In the IndianOcean, an inactive hydrothermal field and a hydrothermalplume site have been discovered along the Central IndianRidge (CIR). The SONNE Hydro…     

山东春季降水的时空变化特征分析

根据山东省81个地面站1961-1998年共38年的降水资料,应用自然正交函数展开（EOF）方法,分析了山东省38年春季月、季降水量的时空变化特征。根据降水方差累积贡献率和空间分布特征,指出前3个典型场基本能反映山东省春季季降水分布的主要特征,其贡献率高达81．30％,据此得出山东省春季降水分布类型：总体一致型、东南-西北差异型和西南-东北差异型。山东春季降水空间分布可分为4个区,南部区：日照、临沂、枣庄及济宁;半岛区：烟台、威海、青岛和潍坊东部;西部区：荷泽、聊城;北部区：德州、滨州、东营、济南、泰安、莱芜、淄博和潍坊西部。同旱（涝）是山东春季各月降水的基本型。山东春季易出现干旱,春季降水存在明显的年际变化,有4．8～6年的振荡周期。     

关于"一致"地震动衰减规律的探讨

以我国中南地区烈度资料为例,用卡方正交回归烈度和震级的联合椭圆衰减模型,研究了烈度和震级相互转换的一致性问题,给出适合该地区的“一致”地震动衰减关系,并与常规方法得到的最小二乘结果进行比较,结果较为合理。该方法也可用于预测不同地区其它地震动参数衰减关系。     

鲁西隆起区奥陶系碳酸盐岩成岩作用及其对储集性的控制作用

以鲁西隆起区奥陶系碳酸盐岩沉积旋回与不整合面分析为基础, 应用薄片、铸体和阴极发光等室内分析技术, 对其成岩作用、成岩序列、孔隙演化及其特征进行了详细研究。研究区的成岩作用分为两类: 建设性成岩作用和破坏性成岩作用, 前者包括白云石化、压溶、去石膏化、溶蚀和破裂等作用; 后者以重结晶、胶结、压实、硅化和充填作用为主。奥陶系碳酸盐岩经历了多期次和多种类型的成岩作用演化, 与马家沟组相比, 三山子组多经历了一次其沉积后的短期表生和随后的埋藏作用。三山子组白云岩、马家沟组东黄山段、土峪段和阁庄段粉细晶白云岩以及八陡段不整合面以下的溶蚀角砾岩段发育次生孔洞缝系统, 是较为有利的储集层段。     

山东省泰安市大汶口盆地石膏矿资源潜力评价矿产品需求预测及开发建议

汶口盆地石膏、岩盐资源量巨大,已探明石膏资源量约为1.5×10~8t,推断矿产量约450×10~8t。随着国民经济的高速发展,石膏矿产品的消费量会有大幅度增加。预测2010年山东省对探明的石膏矿产需求量约为2.5×10~8t,而截止2000年山东省可采储量约为1.5×10~8t,两者相差10~8t,其勘查工作亟待加强。     

鲁西北地区土地现实生产力调查与估算

以鲁西北地区县级1∶5万土壤类型图图斑作为基础评价单元,根据农户现有的投入水平,采用“调查法”模拟分析农业土地资源的现实生产力,并与统计资料和“机制法”模型模拟结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明,现实投入水平下鲁西北地区夏玉米单产略高于冬小麦单产,对冬小麦的投入从整体上来看相当于中等投入,但又存在着区域差异。对夏玉米的投入具有南北向的差异,由南到北投入水平逐渐降低。鲁西北地区土地现实生产力以宁津县最高,庆云县最低,与“机制法”模型模拟结果比较,各县市之间土地生产潜力差距较大。由此可以说明,各县市土壤质量本身对土地年生产力的大小起着重要作用,进一步证明“调查法”能充分反映土壤在土地综合性质中的主要作用。     

Age assessments for siliciclastic metasediments of the Bodonchin tectonic sheet, the South Altai metamorphic belt

In South Mongolia, the Hercynian structures of a linear collisional thrust-and-fold zone formed in the Carboniferous are bounded by the Caledonides of Central and North Mongolia on the north, being truncated on the south by the Indosinides of the Inner Mongolia. Tectonic sheets of the Caledonides-Hercynides junction zone confined to southern flank of the Mongolian-Gobi Altai are composed of high-gradient metamorphites of the South Altai metamorphic belt. The belt of these rocks traceable northwestward in China and eastern Kazakhstan delineates margin of the North Asian Caledonian paleocontinent. According to results of the previous geochronological study, the high- and low-gradient metamorphic rocks of the belt originated respectively 385 and 360–370 Ma ago. However, tectonic position of crystalline rock sequences, which have not been dated, remains unclear. Geochronological interval postulated for these rocks is very broad, ranging from the Early Precambrian to the Devonian. Dating results obtained in this work for detrital zircons from siliciclastic metasediments of the Bodonchin tectonic sheet of the belt show that their protoliths accumulated during the time span of 460–390 Ma (Late Ordovician-Early Devonian) on a passive continental margin. Transformation of the latter into active continental margin took place in the Early Devonian, when development of the Siberian subduction zone resulted in formation of the South Altai metamorphic belt at deep crustal levels of the Caledonian paleocontinent.     

Dextral‐Slip Thrust Faulting and Seismic Events of the Ms 8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake,Longmenshan Mountains,Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau

Abstract: Dextral-slip thrust movement of the Songpan-Garzê terrain over the Sichuan block caused the Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake of May 12, 2008 and offset the Central Longmenshan Fault (CLF) along a distance of ~250 km. Displacement along the CLF changes from Yingxiu to Qingchuan. The total oblique slip of up to 7.6 m in Yingxiu near the epicenter of the earthquake, decreases northeastward to 5.3 m, 6.6 m, 4.4 m, 2.5 m and 1.1 m in Hongkou, Beichuan, Pingtong, Nanba and Qingchuan, respectively. This offset apparently occurred during a sequence of four reported seismic events, EQ1–EQ4, which were identified by seismic inversion of the source mechanism. These events occurred in rapid succession as the fault break propagated northeastward during the earthquake. Variations in the plunge of slickensides along the CLF appear to match these events. The Mw 7.5 EQ1 event occurred during the first 0–10 s along the Yingxiu-Hongkou section of the CLF and is characterized by 1.7 m vertical slip and vertical slickensides. The Mw 8.0 EQ2 event, which occurred during the next 10–42 s along the Yingxiu-Yanziyan section of the CLF, is marked by major dextral-slip with minor thrust and slickensides plunging 25°–35° southwestward. The Mw 7.5 EQ3 event occurred during the following 42–60 s and resulted in dextral-slip and slickensides plunging 10° southwestward in Beichuan and plunging 73° southwestward in Hongkou. The Mw 7.7 EQ4 event, which occurred during the final 60–95 s along the Beichuan-Qingchuan section of the CLF, is characterized by nearly equal values of dextral and vertical slips with slickensides plunging 45°–50° southwestward. These seismic events match and evidently controlled the concentrations of landslide dams caused by the Wenchuan earthquake in Longmenshan Mountains.     

地震勘探技术在发现韩岗煤田过程中作用分析

现代科技发展带来了物探装备和技术新飞跃,探测能力、性能以及准确性有了大幅度提高,使物探方法应用于找矿初期成效非常明显。以发现山东省韩岗煤田为例,说明在找矿方法上要采用物探先行、钻探验证、物探指导钻探的勘查方法,还应在整个井田勘探中均坚持物探在先、钻探验证的勘探原则,减少了钻探盲目性,提高找矿和开发矿产的效率。     

用测井曲线自动划分层序地层研究

无论在基础地质研究还是在指导沉积矿产资源勘查中 ,层序地层划分都具有重要的作用。利用测井资料进行人工层序地层划分是一项重要工作 ,但效率较低。根据层序地层划分的原则 ,采用频谱分析和砂泥岩比值方法设计了层序地层划分的自动算法 ,在济阳坳陷部分区块进行了应用 ,取得了较好的效果 ,为层序地层划分提供了有效的工具。