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利用水饱和法制备含天然气水合物试样,进行等向压缩试验和不排水三轴试验.采用天然气水合物临界状态(M HCS)模型同时预测排水条件和不排水条件下的三轴试验,并进行变动参数分析.不排水条件下,密实纯砂发生应变硬化,而相近密实度的含水合物试样出现应变软化,峰值偏应力随水合物饱和度和围压增大.通过与排水和不排水三轴试验结果的对... 相似文献
123.
Akira IMAI 《Resource Geology》2000,50(1):1-23
Abstract: The Mamut deposit of Sabah, East Malaysia, is a porphyry type Cu‐Au deposit genetically related to a quartz monzonite (“adamellite”) porphyry stock associated with upper Miocene Mount Kinabalu plutonism. The genesis of the Mamut deposit is discussed based on petrology of the intrusives in the Mount Kinabalu area combined with ore– and alteration–petrography, fluid inclusion and sulfur isotope studies. Groundmass of the adamellite porphyry at Mamut is rich in K which suggests vapor transport of alkaline elements during the mineralizing magmatic process, while the groundmass of the post‐ore “granodiorite” porphyry at Mamut contains small amounts of normative corundum suggesting depletion in alkaline elements at the root zone of the magma column. Sub‐dendritic tremolitic amphibole rims on hornblende phenocrysts in the Mamut adamellite porphyry suggest interaction between the mineralizing magma and the exsolved fluids. Occurrences of clinopyroxene microphenocrysts and pseudomor‐phic aggregates of shredded biotite and clinopyroxene after hornblende phenocrysts in the barren intrusives imply lower water fugacity and decreasing in water fugacity, respectively. Compositional gap between the core of hornblende phenocrysts and the tremolitic amphibole rims and those in the groundmass of the Mamut adamellite porphyry suggests a decrease in pressure. Higher XMg (=Mg/(Mg+Fe) atomic ratio) in the tremolitic amphibole rims in the Mamut adamellite porphyry compared to those of the barren intrusions suggests high oxygen fugacity. High halogen contents of igneous hydrous minerals such as amphiboles, biotite and apatite in the Mamut adamellite porphyry suggest the existence of highly saline fluids during the intrusion and solidification of the mineralizing magma. Fluid inclusions found in quartz veinlet stockworks are characterized by abundant hypersaline polyphase inclusions associated with subordinate amounts of immiscible gaseous vapor. Both Cu and Au are dispersed in disseminated and quartz stockwork ores. Chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite as well as magnetite are the principal ore minerals in the biotitized disseminated ores. Primary assemblage of intermediate solid solution (iss) and pyrrhotite converted to the present assemblage of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite during cooling. Subsequent to biotitization, quartz veinlet stockworks formed associated with retrograde chlorite alteration. The Cu‐Fe sul–fides associated with stockwork quartz veinlet are chalcopyrite and pyrite. Overlapping Pb and Zn and subsequent Sb mineralizations were spatially controlled by NNE‐trending fractures accompanying the phyllic and advanced argillic alteration envelope. Sulfur isotopic composition of ore sulfides are homogeneous (about +2%) throughout the mineralization stages. These are identical to those of the magmatic sulfides of Mount Kinabalu adamellitic rocks. 相似文献
124.
Since 1980 when F. Lippmann's seminal paper appeared, ourunderstanding of solubility equilibria involving ionic solidsolutions has been advanced by theoretical considerations as wellas careful experimental studies designed to determine excess Gibbsfunctions. A unified theory of solid-solution aqueous-solutionequilibria as well as the thermodynamic background of thephenomenon of ``stoichiometric saturation' are reviewed.It is shown that Lippmann diagrams effectively summarize thethermodynamic basis of solid-solute aqueous-solution equilibria ofsparingly soluble metal carbonate systems. Clearly, the predictivepower of these diagrams may be limited due to kineticrestrictions. Only when dissolution and precipitation areessentially reversible, favourable conditions to synthesizehomogeneous solid phases can be derived from studies of equilibria. 相似文献
125.
Darcys Law Expressed by Chemical Index 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Hu Kuanrong Cao Yuqing Zhang Wenbing Hu Zhongyi Department of Hydrogeology Engineering Geology Changchun University of Science Technology Changchun 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2000,11(4)
In 18 5 6 ,HenryDarcypublishedhislaw ,theDarcy’slaw ,expressedbyhydraulicindexthroughalong termexperimentofwaterpermeationinmulti mineralmedium (Xu ,1986 ) ,whichnotonlymettheurgentneedofthedevelopmentofsocialecono myandpracticeforcalculationofwellwaterquantityatt… 相似文献
126.
给出波从基本饱水土层入射到弹性土层时在土层交界面上的水平位移和竖向位移分量的表达式。通过数值计算分析,研究了饱和度对交界面上反射、透射系数以及水平、竖向位移分量幅值的影响。 相似文献
127.
西北地区MODIS-NDVI指数饱和问题分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
为了了解西北地区MODIS-NDVI和MODIS-EVI两种植被指数的特点,本文利用美国NASA LP DAAC(Land Process Distributed Active Archive Center)2004年1~12月的250 m分辨率16天植被指数合成的MOD13 Q1数据集,对西北地区不同类型植被NDVI和EVI的特征进行分析,并对西北地区MODIS-NDVI饱和问题进行了初步研究。结果表明:NDVI和EVI对干旱—半干旱气候区植被覆盖度不高的植被类型描述能力相似,月际变化趋势一致。西北地区各种植被类型NDVI比EVI高,NDVI与EVI的差异总体上呈现从半荒漠、草原、农区到林区,随NDVI值的增加而增大的规律。对植被度覆盖度高的阔叶林和针叶林,在植被生长旺盛期,NDVI总在0.8附近波动,NDVI随植被的生长增加的很小,一直维持在一个高且平的范围内,不再能看出植被生长变化的现象,即饱和现象严重;而EVI表现良好,随着植被的生长而增加,能明显地反映出植被生长的季节变化。西北高寒草甸和陕西关中农业区NDVI也出现有不同程度的饱和,饱和时间因植被的不同从1~2月不等。0.8可作为NDVI饱和的阈值。NDVI饱和问题对卫星监测植被的研究和应用会产生误差,EVI能较好地解决NDVI的饱和问题。 相似文献
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130.
天山乌鲁木齐河融雪和河川径流的水文化学过程 总被引:9,自引:3,他引:9
研究结果表明, 含 Ca C O3矿物的溶解作用在乌鲁木齐河源区居主导地位 尽管融雪径流的 “离子脉冲”作用可以释放峰值强度达 3~4 倍的 S O24 和 N O-3 流, 并且引起了总控断面河川径流与之相像的“离子脉冲”现象,但河川径流仍然呈现弱碱性;河源区强烈的含 S矿物的氧化溶解作用,产生大量的 H+ ,被含 Ca C O3矿物的溶解作用所缓冲, 未引起河川径流的酸化乌鲁木齐河以冰川站为界, 以上地区的水文化学过程为矿物的侵蚀- 溶解过程,以下则发生部分矿物的沉淀,如 Ca C O3的沉淀 Ca C O3 的沉淀作用一定程度上又增强了河流的酸缓冲力 相似文献