新疆库鲁克塔格地区早寒武世磷质岩的形成条件

根据地层层序与岩石学特征,对新疆库鲁克塔格地区下寒武统西山布拉克组磷质岩的形成环境,物质来源和形成机理进行了分析。认为本区磷质岩形成于从浪基面附近至氧化界面附近一个较宽泛的环境带中,具有热液和生物两个方面的物质来源。来自火山和生物的含磷物质由上升洋流带至沉积地点经化学沉淀形成磷质岩。而后又经历了水流与波浪的作用,以及重力产生的滑塌事件的改造。西山布拉克组沉积时期经历了三次海平面的升降变化,磷质岩是早期海平面变化的产物。沉积过程发生在高级别的海侵背景之下。     

Present-day seismicity of the south-eastern Elbe Fault System (NE Bohemian Massif)

The Variscan Bohemian Massif is disrupted by the NW-SE striking Elbe Fault System in its northern part. The increased tectonic activity associated with this structure is manifested by increased seismicity in the eastern part of the Sudetes. With the use of a temporary local seismic network, the total number of micro-earthquakes located in this region increased to 153 for the period 1996–2003. The local magnitudes vary between −0.6 and 1.8 and the seismic energy was often released in swarm-like sequences. Five seismic events with well-defined P-onset polarities at five or six stations enabled the estimation of focal mechanisms. The present-day activity of the WNW-ESE to NNW-SSE fault systems is discussed on the basis of source mechanisms, the alignment of the epicentres, as well as morphological and geological evidence. The majority of the recent seismic activity is concentrated in a 40–60 km wide zone of a generally NW-SE trend. This structure represents a regional zone of weakness within the SE termination of the Elbe Fault System, defined by a mesh of interconnected faults, of which many are deep-seated and highly permeable and some are associated with light to moderate historical earthquakes. Both in the areas due south and due north of this zone the present-day seismic activity is very low. The increased tectonic activity can be interpreted as a result of the abundance of suitably oriented faults and their interconnection into major fault systems, the proximity of the Outer Carpathian indentor and the Cainozoic volcanic and associated recent post-volcanic activity. The similar character of swarms and their coincidence with the post-volcanic activity in the southeastern part of the Elbe Fault System and in some focal zones of the western Bohemian seismically active area suggests that overpressurized fluids may represent a potential swarm-triggering mechanism.     

第3代国际通信系统控制数据

第3代国际气象通信系统是中国气象局面向未来,适应全球通信系统(GTS)发展计划的新一代通信系统。该系统既可以支持原有的报文交换,又可以支持文件交换。第3代国际通信系统中控制数据是国际通信系统运行的基础,这对国际通信系统中控制数据和控制数据制作也提出了更高的要求,要求控制数据制作独立于国际通信系统之外。并且,要求控制数据制作和维护简单、快捷、可靠。该文介绍了控制数据的稳定性、精确性、灵活性、复杂性等特点,控制数据对文件级、公报级、报告级收发、编辑、收集、归档等处理的作用,控制数据文件的制作方法,新旧控制数据在制作方面的优缺点比较。     

淮南寒武纪岩溶陷落柱发育特征及导水性分析

1996年任楼煤矿发生的陷落柱特大突水事故，使“淮南不存在岩溶陷落柱”的认识得到了质疑。通过初步调研，在孔集矿南部的孙家大山一带发现出露于地表的岩溶陷落柱，而谢桥矿煤经三维地震勘探也探测出了发育于寒武纪灰岩中的两个岩溶陷落柱。因其岩溶陷落柱的发育层位、充填物质与华北煤田奥陶纪岩溶陷落柱构成明显的对比。导致了其水文、工程地质特征的特殊性。     

GIS在统计行业中的应用

地理信息系统技术在很多行业获得了成功的应用,但在统计行业中的应用却相对滞后。本文综述了地理信息系统在统计行业中的应用现状、优势及存在的问题,并对统计地理信息系统的解决方案作了简要分析,给出了建立统计G IS的技术方案和统计G IS的总体框架。     

SuperMap Object在地震灾害预估中应用浅析

用基于易损性矩阵基础上的城市震害预估方法，计算调整损失比后的经济损失，其中包括等震线模型、城市震害模型及建筑物直接经济损失模型等的设计与实现，并针对我国城市的具体情况，编制了一套《城市震害预估及房屋易损性矩阵数据库实时更新软件》，为我国震害预估技术的深层次开发打下坚实的基础。     

对城市活断层探测项目中地震地质数据建模的探讨

在城市活断层探测项目中,基于地震地质和活动构造研究的数据模型研究是相关应用领域中的重要问题。本文依据"中国地震活动断层探测技术系统"规程应用统一建模语言讨论和建立了地震地质数据模型,着重论述了地震地质数据模型与活动断层探测相关数据的组织方法,给出了地震地质基于ArcGIS的UML模型的空间和属性类结构图、类关系图表。在此基础上分析了地震地质UML模型的特点。     

定福庄地热试验井成井工艺研究

JR-121井位于北京市定福庄南里,开采蓟县系雾迷山组1600m以深热储层的岩溶裂隙水。该试验井施工使用GZ-2000型水源钻机,TBW-850/50型泥浆泵,钻探深度2202.98m。成井过程中,根据不同层段,采用不同成井工艺,在目的含水层的上覆非取水层段,采用分级下套管及水泥封闭的方法进行止水,泥浆与回旋方法钻进;在取水段,采用裸眼孔底钻铤加压、泥浆护壁与回旋钻进。洗井工艺上,采用酸化、液态CO2和空压机引喷相结合的联合洗井方法。使用此成井工艺,止水效果良好,达到了开发岩溶裂隙地热水的目的。     

淮北煤田矿井充水因素与防治水措施研究

淮北矿区矿井突水的主要充水水源是老窑积水、新生界松散层底部含水层（组）水、煤层顶、底板砂岩裂隙水、太原组与奥陶系灰岩水。矿井众多重大突水事故表明，加强太原组、奥陶系石灰岩含水层和断层破碎带的探测与疏放工作，是降低煤矿突水风险的必要条件。     

The abnormal distribution of the molecular fossils in the pre-Cambrian and Cambrian: its biological significance

Dinosteranes and 4-methyl-24-ethylcholestanes are usually to be thought of as biomarkers for dinoflagellates, and 24-norcholestanes and C₂₈steranes for diatom. Therefore, the highest concentrations of these compounds are typically found in strata deposited since the beginning of the Mesozoic. However these compounds appeared widely and abundantly in extracts from organic-rich sediments in the Sinian and Cambrian of the Tarim Basin. This suggests that some of the planktonic algae such as dinoflagellates and diatoms have an earlier origin than the Mesozoic. Some of the remarkable algal fossils observed in the Cambrian, in both well He 4 and the outcrop section of Xiao-Er-Bulak, Tarim Basin, provide possible biological evidence for this kind of inference.