阿尔金大平沟金矿床成矿时代Rb-Sr定年

首次测定的阿尔金北缘地区大平沟金矿石英包裹体Rb-Sr等时线年龄(487±21) Ma,初始87Sr/86Sr值0.710 06±0.000 18(2σ),表明成矿作用可能发生在加里东中期,属早奥陶世.矿床成矿年龄与本区加里东期大陆俯冲碰撞事件中岩浆活动、变质作用、构造运动相一致.矿床初始87Sr/86Sr值与矿区西部加里东期花岗岩相同,与矿区东部出露的晚古生代—中生代花岗岩有明显差别,加里东期花岗岩可能是本区金成矿的重要物(热)源,说明加里东期是阿尔金北缘地区重要的成矿阶段;因此,在今后的找矿工作中,应重视阿尔金北缘断裂带早古生代岩体和蛇绿混杂岩带.     

新藏公路128公里岩体地球化学特征及其地质意义

新藏公路128公里岩体是西昆仑加里东构造带内一个具有代表性的岩体.研究表明,该岩体主要由石英闪长岩、石英二长岩和花岗闪长岩组成,岩体富Al、Sr和LREE,贫Y和HREE,具弱的负Eu异常,其地球化学特征的综合指标类似于埃达克岩(adakite)的特征,可称之为类埃达克岩或埃达克质岩(adakite-like).岩体的成因可能与西昆仑板块的消减作用有关,产于一个具有加厚地壳的活动陆缘环境,主要由下地壳底部中基性岩部分熔融形成,推测地壳厚度约在40 km左右,花岗岩熔融之后留下的残留物可能由角闪石+辉石±石榴石±斜长石组成.     

Assimilation and crystal accumulation in a mid-crustal magma chamber: the Sausfjellet pluton, north-central Norway

The Sausfjellet pluton is made up of two intrusive units emplaced into high-grade metamorphic rocks of the Helgeland Nappe Complex of the Uppermost Allochthon in the Norwegian Caledonides. The eastern part of the pluton intruded marble and less voluminous calc-silicate and pelitic rocks. The western half is hosted predominantly by semi-pelitic migmatite with intercalated marble. Remelting of the migmatite during pluton emplacement occurred in a thermal aureole as much as 1000 m wide. The early gabbroic unit forms the southeastern part of the body; it consists of hornblende-bearing to hornblende-rich gabbro and diorite which is thought to have crystallized from an H₂O-rich andesitic parental magma. The younger dioritic unit underlies the central and western parts of the pluton, as well as a zone as much as 200 m wide that separates the rest of the pluton from its host rocks (herein the “annular zone”). The interior or central zone of the dioritic unit is pyroxene diorite that is locally interlayered with anorthosite. The western and annular zones are, by comparison, mineralogically heterogeneous. They range from diorite to quartz monzonite and from biotite-bearing two- and three-pyroxene assemblages to biotite–hornblende assemblages. Neither rock type nor mafic assemblage is correlated with position in the pluton or proximity to a contact. Stoped blocks of a distinctive coarse-grained diorite, as well as pyroxene-rich calc-silicates, are present in the gabbroic unit and the central zone of the dioritic unit. The few stoped blocks observed in the western zone of the dioritic unit are predominantly quartz-rich gneiss. Chemical variation in the central zone of the dioritic unit is interpreted to result from accumulation of pyroxenes+plagioclase from an H₂O-poor andesitic parent. These rocks have approximately constant δ¹⁸O of +6.6±0.2‰ and lack evidence of in situ assimilation. Heterogeneities in the western and annular zones of the dioritic unit are reflected in variable, anomalously enriched incompatible element contents and in δ¹⁸O, which ranges from +6.7‰ to +8.6‰. Petrologic models indicate that the magma parental to the central zone could also be parental to the western and annular zones. If so, evolution of the western and annular zone magma was by crystal accumulation and assimilation of metapelitic host rocks. As much as 20% of the mass of the western and annular zones can be ascribed to assimilated material, which apparently entered the magma by stoping. Therefore, the asymmetrical zoning of the pluton is due to differences in host rock compositions and the relative ability of the magma to assimilate its host rocks.     

Metamorphic history of high-pressure granulites in Payer Land, Greenland Caledonides

A high‐P granulite facies gneiss complex occurs in north‐west Payer Land (74°28′?74°47′N) in the central part of the East Greenland Caledonian (Ordovician–Devonian) orogen. High‐P metamorphism of the Payer Land gneiss complex resulted in formation of the assemblages Grt + Cpx + Amp + Qtz + Ru ± Pl in mafic rocks, and Grt + Ol + Cpx + Opx + Spl in rare ultramafic pods. Associated metapelites experienced anatexis in the kyanite stability field. Peak metamorphic assemblages formed around 800–850 °C at pressures of c. 1.4–1.7 GPa, corresponding to crustal depths of c. 50 km. Mafic granulites contain abundant reaction textures, including the replacement of garnet by symplectites of Opx + Spl + Pl, indicating that the high‐P event was followed by decompression while the granulites remained at elevated temperatures. Charnockitic gneisses from Payer Land show evidence of late Archean (c. 2.8–2.4 Ga) crustal growth and subsequent Palaeoproterozoic (c. 1.85 Ga) metamorphism. The gneiss complex experienced intense reworking during the Caledonian continental collision. On the basis of Caledonian monazite ages recorded from the high‐P anatectic metapelites, the clockwise P–T evolution and formation of the high‐P granulite facies assemblages is related to Caledonian crustal thickening, which resulted in formation of eclogites approximately 300 km north of Payer Land. The Payer Land granulites comprise a metamorphic core complex, which is separated from the overlying low‐grade supracrustal rocks (the Neoproterozoic Eleonore Bay Supergroup) by a late Caledonian extensional fault zone, the Payer Land Detachment. The steep, nearly isothermal, unloading P–T path recorded by the granulites can be explained by erosional and tectonic unroofing along the Payer Land Detachment.     

浙江江山奥陶纪岩相古地理及其构造控制

根据岩石学、古生态学、地球化学特征及沉积序列,结合区域地质资料的系统研究,本文论述了浙江江山地区奥陶纪沉积相与沉积环境的演变规律,并对本区东侧华夏古陆的存在和加里东运动的作用方式、活动时间提出了可信的论证。     

大别造山带加里东期高压超高压变质作用的确定及其意义

文中综述了对大别造山带高压超高压变质作用形成时代的 3种观点。重点从高压超高压变质作用同位素定年技术、方法的完善与更新和大别造山带早古生代区域地质构造背景两个方面论证了大别造山带加里东期高压超高压变质作用的存在 ,得出了大别造山带高压超高压变质作用主要为加里东期的结论。这一认识对揭示世界一些大型造山带构造演化规律、研究中国加里东期区域构造格局和在大别造山带及邻区寻找金刚石、金红石、各种宝石、金、铜等矿产都有积极的意义。     

Seismic evidence of Caledonian deformed crust and uppermost mantle structures in the northern part of the Trans-European Suture Zone, SW Baltic Sea

Collisional structures from the closure of the Tornquist Ocean and subsequent amalgamation of Avalonia and Baltica during the Caledonian Orogeny in the northern part of the Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ) in the SW Baltic Sea are investigated. A grid of marine reflection seismic lines was gathered in 1996 during the DEKORP-BASIN '96 campaign, shooting with an airgun array of 52 l total volume and recording with a digital streamer of up to 2.1 km length. The detailed reflection seismic analysis is mainly based on post-stack migrated sections of this survey, but one profile has also been processed by a pre-stack depth migration algorithm. The data provides well-constrained images of upper crustal reflectivity and lower crustal/uppermost mantle reflections. In the area of the Caledonian suture, a reflection pattern is observed with opposing dips in the upper crust and the uppermost mantle. Detailed analysis of dipping reflections in the upper crust provides evidence for two different sets of reflections, which are separated by the O-horizon, the main decollement of the Caledonian deformation complex. S-dipping reflections beneath the sub-Permian discontinuity and above the O-horizon are interpreted as Caledonian thrust structures. Beneath the O-horizon, SW-dipping reflections in the upper crust are interpreted as ductile shear zones and crustal deformation features that evolved during the Sveconorwegian Orogeny. The Caledonian deformation complex is subdivided into (1) S-dipping foreland thrusts in the north, (2) the S-dipping suture itself that shows increased reflectivity, and (3) apparently NE-dipping downfaulted sedimentary horizons south of the Avalonia–Baltica suture, which may have been reactivated during Mesozoic normal faulting. The reflection Moho at 28–35 km depth appears to truncate a N-dipping mantle structure, which may represent remnant structures from Tornquist Ocean closure or late-collisional compressional shear planes in the upper mantle. A contour map of these mantle reflections indicates a consistent northward dip, which is steepest where there is strong bending of the Caledonian deformation front. The thin-skinned character of the Caledonian deformation complex and the fact that N-dipping mantle reflections do not truncate the Moho indicate that the Baltica crust was not mechanically involved in the Caledonian collision and, therefore, escaped deformation in this area.     

Recent research on the Brabant Massif

Summary The Brabant Massif is the southeastern part of the Caledonian fold belt known as the Anglo-Brabant Massif, which extends from East Anglia to central Belgium and is a major constituting part of the Eastern Avalonia microcontinent. Recent research in Lower Palaeozoic stratigraphy and in geophysical interpretation led to a new subcrop map of the Brabant Massif. Palaeogeographical analysis supports the rapid movement of this Massif to lower latitudes and towards Baltica in Ordovician times. Structurally, the Brabant Massif appears as a faulted antiform, flanked longitudinally to the southwest by a magmatic arc of late Ordovician to early Silurian age. An elongated gravity low points to concealed granitic intrusions below a part of the magmatic arc.     

早古生代镇淅地块与秦岭多岛小洋盆的演化

本文根据古地理、古生物地理、古地磁、地球化学及火山岩工作成果，提出镇安－淅川地块是早古生代自南秦岭裂离而较早缝合于北秦岭的一小型地块、早古生代秦岭是个多岛小洋盆，具有包括镇淅 地块在内的五列岛屿。     

小兴安岭地区与加里东期花岗岩类有关的矿床成矿系列

加里东期花岗岩类岩浆活动及其有关的成矿作用，在小兴安岭地区形成了一批铁、铜、锌、铅、锡、钼和钨等矽卡岩型和热液型的矿床。这些成因上紧密相关的矿床形成时间相近。不过，在不同的岩浆活动阶段和不同的地质环境中形成的矿床，，其矿化特征又有明显的差别，而且，矿种和矿化类型在空间的分布上，呈现有规律的分带象。本文着眼于研究上述的矿床所处的地质背景、成矿条件和成矿作用，用成矿系列的观点，对矿床进行矿亚系列和矿床