皖南蓝田组碳酸盐岩碳和氧同位素地球化学研究

为了认识新元古代雪球地球事件之后地球表面气候和环境的变化,前人对华南震旦系地层中的陡山沱组和灯影组灰岩进行了大量的古生物地层学和稳定同位素地球化学研究,特别对碳同位素漂移与冰期之间的对应关系提出了很多假说和模型.本文就出露在皖南地区的震旦系蓝田组灰岩进行了方解石和白云石的碳氧同位素分析,分析结果为其沉积环境研究提供了重要的地球化学依据.     

苏鲁造山带东北端超高压变质花岗岩中低δ18O值锆石的发现

大别-苏鲁造山带是扬子陆块与华北陆块之间在三叠纪时期俯冲碰撞所形成的超高压变质带.     

白垩纪碳酸盐稳定同位素的分形和混沌分析

应用分形与混沌理论对白垩纪海相碳酸盐岩碳同位素δ13C进行了非线性分析,认为碳同位素δ13C变化序列均为混沌演化序列,在相空间维数m＞8时出现混沌吸引子,混沌吸引子的分维数在3.74左右;它的演化为混沌动力过程,描述它的变化至少4个独立变量的动力学系统.     

东沙海区浅层沉积物中黄铁矿异常及其意义

东沙海区浅层沉积物的两个岩心出现大量的黄铁矿。GC10岩心中的黄铁矿在300cm以下含量增加，在700am的区段达到最高，主要为管状、棒状、莓球状；HD319岩心黄铁矿则相对较低，只在最底部730cm的区段突然增加，以莓球状为主。GC10岩心黄铁矿含量异常层位与甲烷含量增加层位一致，而在Corg-Ssulfide^2-含量变化图上，S^2-含量与有机碳含量线性关系不明显，显示了该岩心黄铁矿的形成主要受高甲烷流通量影响；而HD319岩心的有机碳高的层位，S^2-含量也高，表明HD319岩心黄铁矿的形成与沉积物中有机质降解密切相关。GC10岩心黄铁矿的δ^34S（‰）值在-17．149～-33．240CDT之间，显示了非常负的硫同位素比值和宽的区间；HD319的矿S（‰）值-36．363～-39．162CDT之间，相对比较稳定。GC10岩心黄铁矿的δ^34S（‰）值特征，可能与富甲烷环境有关，而HD319受其影响稍弱。     

岩溶断陷盆地不同海拔植物水分利用效率分析

为探讨不同海拔高度的养分、环境要素与植物水分利用效率变化的关系，以岩溶断陷盆地云南小江流域的乔木、灌木、草本为研究对象，分析水分利用效率和叶片养分浓度随海拔的变化情况。结果表明:（1）研究区内海拔2 000 m处的草本植物的叶片δ13C值最高，2 200 m处的乔木的叶片δ13C值最低；（2）海拔高度对乔木、灌木的植物水分利用效率影响大于草本植物，草本植物的水分利用效率随海拔高度的变化甚微，两者之间的拟合度较小；高值区出现在海拔为2 200 m处的乔木；低值区出现在海拔为2 000 m处的草本植物；（3）不同海拔水分利用效率与叶片N、P浓度的相关性较弱（与叶片的N浓度呈弱正相关，与叶片的P浓度呈弱负相关）；（4）不同海拔水分利用效率与各气候因子的相关性较弱，与多年平均气温、多年平均降雨量、多年平均日照时数均呈弱正相关。      

Genesis of the Changba–Lijiagou Giant Pb-Zn Deposit, West Qinling, Central China: Constraints from S-Pb-C-O isotopes

The extensive Changba-Lijiagou Pb-Zn deposit is located in the north of the Xihe–Chengxian ore cluster in West Qinling. The ore bodies are mainly hosted in the marble, dolomitic marble and biotite-calcite-quartz schist of the Middle Devonian Anjiacha Formation, and are structurally controlled by the fault and anticline. The ore-forming process can be divided into three main stages, based on field geological features and mineral assemblages. The mineral assemblages of hydrothermal stage I are pale-yellow coarse grain, low Fe sphalerite, pyrite with pits, barite and biotite. The mineral assemblages of hydrothermal stage II are black-brown cryptocrystalline, high Fe shalerite, pyrite without pits, marcasite or arsenopyrite replace the pyrite with pits, K-feldspar. The features of hydrothermal stage III are calcite-quartz-sulfide vein cutting the laminated, banded ore body. Forty-two sulfur isotope analyses, twenty-five lead isotope analyses and nineteen carbon and oxygen isotope analyses were determined on sphalerite, pyrite, galena and calcite. The δ34 S values of stage I(20.3 to 29.0‰) are consistent with the δ34 S of sulfate(barite) in the stratum. Combined with geological feature, inclusion characteristics and EPMA data, we propose that TSR has played a key role in the formation of the sulfides in stage I. The δ34 S values of stage II sphalerite and pyrite(15.1 to 23.0‰) are between sulfides in the host rock, magmatic sulfur and the sulfate(barite) in the stratum. This result suggests that multiple S reservoirs were the sources for S2-in stage II. The δ34 S values of stage III(13.1 to 22‰) combined with the structure of the geological and mineral features suggest a magmatic hydrothermal origin of the mineralization. The lead isotope compositions of the sulfides have 206 Pb/204 Pb ranging from 17.9480 to 17.9782, 207 Pb/204 Pb ranging from 15.611 to 15.622, and 208 Pb/204 Pb ranging from 38.1368 to 38.1691 in the three ore-forming stages. The narrow and symmetric distributions of the lead isotope values reflect homogenization of granite and mantle sources before the Pb-Zn mineralization. The δ13 CPDB and δ18 OSMOW values of stage I range from-0.1 to 2.4‰ and from 18.8 to 21.7‰. The values and inclusion data indicate that the source of fluids in stage I was the dissolution of marine carbonate. The δ13 CPDB and δ18 OSMOW values of stage II range from-4 to 1‰ and from 12.3 to 20.3‰, suggesting multiple C-O reservoirs in the Changba deposit and the addition of mantle-source fluid to the system. The values in stage III are-3.1‰ and 19.7‰, respectively. We infer that the process of mineralization involved evaporitic salt and sedimentary organic-bearing units interacting through thermochemical sulfate reduction through the isotopic, mineralogy and inclusion evidences. Subsequently, the geology feature, mineral assemblages, EPMA data and isotopic values support the conclusion that the ore-forming hydrothermal fluids were mixed with magmatic hydrothermal fluids and forming the massive dark sphalerite, then yielding the calcite-quartz-sulfide vein ore type at the last stage. The genesis of this ore deposit was epigenetic rather than the previously-proposed sedimentary-exhalative(SEDEX) type.     

黑龙江老祚山金矿区片麻状花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素特征及其地质意义

黑龙江老柞山金矿床是佳木斯地块中北部的大型热液叠加夕卡岩型矿床.对矿区东矿带赋矿片麻状花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS的U-Pb定年和Hf同位素分析，共获得3组年龄，分别为697.1±8.0、703.0±8.8和484.7±2.7 Ma.其中前2组为捕获的锆石年龄，暗示佳木斯地块南缘可能存在新元古代的结晶基底.第三组锆石年龄代表片麻状花岗岩结晶年龄.锆石原位Hf同位素测试显示，片麻状花岗岩的ε_Hf（t）值为-2.4~+3.6，T_DM2为1620~1390 Ma，指示片麻状花岗岩原岩可能是中元古代陆壳物质重熔.结合区域构造演化，认为片麻状花岗岩可能形成于晚泛非-早加里东期的碰撞造山作用，是麻山群深熔岩浆结晶作用的产物.     

黑龙江省翠中铁钨多金属矿床成岩成矿年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义

为了厘清翠中铁钨多金属矿床浅部的粗粒碱长花岗岩和深部的细粒碱长花岗岩与成矿之间的关系，本次工作对这2种岩浆岩分别进行了岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素分析，对岩石和矿石开展了Pb同位素研究.粗粒碱长花岗岩和细粒碱长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为503±2.9 Ma和201±6.4 Ma，表明其侵入时代分别为加里东中期和印支晚期-燕山早期.辉钼矿Re-Os同位素模式年龄为202±2.9 Ma，与细粒碱长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄基本一致.粗粒碱长花岗岩中锆石的ε_Hf（t）值变化于-8.31~0.57，指示其来源于中元古代古老地壳部分熔融，细粒碱长花岗岩中锆石的ε_Hf（t）值为2.84~4.78，表明其起源于亏损地幔中新增生的年轻地壳物质的部分熔融.综合成岩成矿时代、成矿元素趋势面分析以及岩矿石Pb同位素对比，我们认为翠中铁钨多金属矿床的成矿作用与深部的细粒碱长花岗岩有关.结合区域构造演化历史，推测成矿作用可能形成于佳木斯地块向松嫩地块俯冲挤压的构造环境.      

黄土高原稳定同位素与古环境研究

黄土高原黄土地层已被证明是大陆上最完好的记录了过去环境信息的载体。通过黄土地层的碳,氧同位素作为气候替代指标研究古植被,降雨量,古环境温度及古季风演化方面取得了长足的进展,本文拟就主要研究成果作一综述,并对今后的研究方向做一前瞻。     

元素同位素质谱测定新方法及其应用研究

该项研究成果总结了利用石墨的非还原热离子发射特性所建立的高精度热电离质谱测定硼氯溴同位素的方法,实现了硼氯溴同位素重要突破。该成果对质谱中的热电离理论进行了较深入地讨论,建立了高精度质谱测定锂铟同位素的方法。