On terrain corrections in terrestrial heat flow

The theory of heat-flow variation over a Lees-type hill is well known for evaluating terrain effects on terrestrial heat flow. However, a hill cannot be converted into a valley by simply changing the sign of one of the terrain-defining parameters, nor can several Lees' hills be superposed to simulate a series of hills and valleys for correcting a terrain-induced disturbance of heat flow. The proper derivations for a Lees-type valley are presented and the superposition is compared with analytic solutions for two parallel semi-cylindrical valleys and two semi-spherical basins embedded in an otherwise planar ground. Generally, heat flux climaxes over central valleys or basins, and dips toward their margins where rapid change in topography occurs. Variation of heat flux induced by a three-dimensional terrain is relatively large, as compared to two-dimensional features, but its areal extent is relatively limited. The two-dimensional effects also extend relatively deeper. In applying two-dimensional algorithms to a three-dimensional terrain, the correction may be over- or underestimated depending on the distance from a borehole to prominent terrain features in the surrounding area.     

逆冲推覆带储层波阻抗反演方法研究

由于在逆冲推覆带上主要发育逆冲断层,其上下盘层位重叠严重、由根部至顶部倾角变化大,影响储层建模的精度。针对这一问题,笔者以三维地震资料为基础,结合钻井资料,利用波阻抗反演技术实现逆冲推覆带的储层预测与评价。波阻抗反演的关键步骤是初始波阻抗模型的建立。通过上下盘分开、将断层转换为层位并与地层层位相融合的建模方法,有效提高了逆冲推覆带初始波阻抗模型的精度;采用上、下盘分开反演方案进行波阻抗反演;利用体融合的方法完成波阻抗反演。经已钻井验证,运用该方法进行的波阻抗反演准确度较高,为逆冲推覆带储层预测和目标评价奠定基础。     

琼州海峡发现海底火山锥

琼州海峡位于雷州半岛和海南岛之间,其规模仅次于渤海海峡和台湾海峡,为我国第三大海峡。平均宽度约30km,最窄处仅19.5km,东西长约80km。海底普遍发育陡坎、深穴,地形非常复杂。特别是在海底地形图上,常见有一些略呈卵形的孤丘,引人注目。这种孤丘地貌,有的学者曾经怀疑是海底火山锥,甚至在     

渤南凹陷渤深6块潜山储层描述技术

渤深6块潜山储层位于沾化拗陷渤南凹陷北部,埋藏深度4100~4900 m,储层发育及成藏规律复杂。为了高效开发渤深6块,必须引进和优化潜山油藏描述技术,然后根据自身特点选择优化并创新使用。采用地震资料目标处理、叠前深度偏移、高精度三维地震采集处理解释等基础资料处理技术;用多井地震合成记录综合标定、变速成图等技术准确描述潜山形态。多井采用了斯伦贝谢成相、核磁共振测井、多尺度边缘检测平面预测等先进技术,最后根据录井、测井等多项信息进行综合判识并量化。应用结果表明,渤深6块15口新井全部钻遇设计油层,且均自喷生产,投产平均产油能力84 t/d,产气5×104m3/d,油藏开发效果好。     

辽东湾北部潜山走滑转换带特征及其对规模性储层的控制

潜山走滑转换带在渤海海域发育较为广泛,但其发育特征及控储作用研究薄弱。利用钻井、测井、三维地震等各类资料,对辽东湾北部地区构造转换带发育特征、成因机制及其对潜山规模型储层控制作用进行分析。研究认为,燕山末期左旋走滑背景下,辽东湾北部潜山发育多种类型转换带;根据走滑断层的相互作用以及转换带的形态,可以将辽东湾北部潜山转换带分为单支弯曲型和双支叠覆型两种类型;根据局部应力状态可以进一步细分为单支反“S”型、单支“S”型、双支左旋右阶以及双支左旋左阶转换带4个亚类,其中单支反“S”型和双支左旋右阶型转换带属增压型转换带,单支“S”型和双支左旋左阶型转换带属释压型走滑转换带。增压型走滑转换带提供的压扭性动力破碎作用使得潜山发育大规模裂缝型储集层,是潜山规模型储层发育的关键。     

Land Use Evolution in Hill Regions of the Dominican Republic*

This study combines data from a social survey and an air photo time series to gain both a temporal and spatial understanding of Dominican hill land use evolution. Research results indicate that disparities in present land use and productivity between two hill land study sites stem from their different stages of development along a common land use continuum. The authors emphasize the importance of understanding land use history when identifying key constraints to long-term sustainability of hill land farming systems.     

济阳坳陷潜山断裂带地震采集设计探讨

济阳坳陷潜山断裂带的隐蔽油气藏模式复杂,勘探难度大;本文从地质角度分析研究了该区复杂潜山断裂带勘探中存在的主要难点。利用正演模拟技术重点研究了济阳坳陷典型的潜山带模式。提出了适用于潜山断裂带油气藏勘探的高精度采集目标设计及全三维地震等方法,并以潜山油气藏勘探为例,探讨了目标采集设计、宽方位采集、以及点激发和点接收等技术及其应用效果。     

Antiplane response of isoceles triangular hill to incident SH waves

In this paper, antiplane response of an isosceles triangular hill to incident SH waves is studied based on the method of complex function and by using moving coordinate system. The standing wave function, which can satisfy the governing equation and boundary condition, is provided. Furthermore, numerical examples are presented; the influences of wave number and angle of the incident waves and the angle of the hill's peak on ground motion are discussed.     

辽河断陷古潜山古生界的厘定及其地质意义

辽河断陷以碳酸盐岩和砂页岩为主的古潜山地层一直全部划归中、新元古界。由于在该套地层的部分岩石薄片中发现交代残余的动物化石碎片，因此提出辽河断陷有古生界存在的新观点。通过牙形石、微古植物、动物化石和岩性组合的研究，对这套地层进行了重新厘定，建立了古生代寒武纪、奥陶纪、石炭纪和二叠纪地层层序。研究成果表明，辽河断陷存在古生界储层，古生代潜山并非单斜．而是由被断裂改造的褶皱组成的断块。这一成果为重新认识潜山的内幕构造特征和油气储层分布规律奠定了基础。