黄淮海平原地貌结构特征及其演化

本文对黄淮海平原地貌从地表到地下随时间变化进行了四维空间的研究，着重探讨了平原地貌结构和它的发育、演化规律，为本区地下水资源评价、国土整治和环境保护提供了一定的理论依据。     

上海及长江口第四纪沉积层中埋盖的古河道

在第四纪时期,上海及长江口由于地质构造、古气候、海面升降等综合作用,第四纪沉积层中与之相适应的埋盖了七期古河道。文中指出埋盖古河道的形成与发育是因袭了基底深切沟谷的走向。古河道的摆动、延缩、埋盖,是受古气候冷热交替制约。文中还指出研究埋盖古河道的演变规律,不仅对上海及长江口变化、海陆变迁有着指导意义,而且对城市供水及长江口外大陆架供水有着重大经济意义。     

Environmental significance of bedrock jointing in Southern Ontario,Canada

The bedrock surface of many glaciated areas is obscured by thick drift deposits. In southern Ontario, Canada, the buried bedrock surface is dissected by channels, infilled with glacial deposits as much as 150 m thick, that are part of a wider mid-continent preglacial fluvial system that predates formation of the modern Great Lake basins. The infills of bedrock channels form major groundwater aquifers, influence regional groundwater flows and contaminant migration to Lake Ontario, and may localize the release of thermogenic methane and radon within heavily urbanized surface environments. A quantitative comparison of the regional pattern of bedrock joints and the orientation pattern of buried bedrock channels and modern river valleys shows that all these orientation patterns are virtually coincident. Buried bedrock channels in south-central Ontario are not part of a simple antecedent drainage system but were likely predesigned by bedrock joint patterns that have subsequently been propagated upward into overlying Pleistocene sediments. Joints in sediments are of considerable environmental significance (for example, subsurface contaminant and gas migration in fine-grained clayey sediments) and of many origins (stress release, desiccation, etc.) but are widely assumed to be a predominantly surface-related phenomena; the existence of deeper joints has been noted by some authors but their origin is obscure. Data presented herein from south-central Ontario confirm that, in addition to surface-related joints, a second population of bedrock-related joints, reflecting the upward propagation of bedrock fractures, is present in Pleistocene sediments of south-central Ontario.     

A semi-analytical method of stress-strain analysis of buried steel pipelines under submarine landslides

A semi-analytical method of the stress-strain analysis of buried steel pipelines under submarine landslides was proposed, considering the nonlinearities of the pipe-soil interaction and mechanical properties of the pipe steel. The pipeline was divided into three parts according to different loading conditions, and the corresponding differential equations were established based on a combination of the beam-on-elastic foundation and elastoplastic-beam theories. According to the second-order central difference method, the transverse horizontal displacement was calculated, and then the bending strain was obtained based on the relation between bending strains and curvatures. Considering the interaction between the axial and bending strains, the axial strain can be derived from the equilibrium condition by equating the axial force. The proposed method was verified through the comparison of obtained solutions to ANSYS results, with minor deviations which do not exceed about 4.6%. Additionally, the effects of the slide width, the buried depth of pipelines, the internal friction angle of soils, the cohesion of soils and the bulk density of soils are investigated through parametric studies.     

隐伏断层电性特征及浅层电法探测

探讨了不同类型隐伏断层的电性特征及其在浅层电法测试中可能的表现形式,并通过实例阐述了浅层电法探测隐伏断层的步骤及异常识别方法。研究表明浅层电法对某些类型的隐伏断层的探测是有效的,但先验知识非常重要,对于隐伏断层的探测效果与解译起关键作用。     

地下管线普查监理工作方法及现状探讨

本文主要介绍了地下管线普查监理基本原理、工作方法、实施措施和目前地下管线普查监理现状，并对目前地下管线普查监理中存在的问题进行探讨。     

隐伏断层性状的汞地球化学标志研究

本文介绍了自１９８６年以来用汞探测隐伏断层性状及在工程地震应用中的部分结果，通过研究这些结果作者认为，用土壤中气汞可以准确地确定隐伏断层的位置，而根据土壤中气汞和土汞的异常特征确定隐伏断层的位置；而根据土壤中气汞和土汞的异常特征确定隐伏断层的倾向也是有效的。这些结论被浅层物探、石油地震勘探及探槽等资料所证实。文中还从实际资料出发，对用汞来确定隐伏断层的性状，断层顶端的埋深等其活动性分段及汞异常特征     

遥感方法对黄土地区隐伏控油构造的评价

本文提出了判断黄土地区隐伏断裂的标志,并将研究区的隐伏断裂划分为基岩断裂、新构造或继承性构造、断裂破碎带或岩脉以及深层构造4种类型。在此基础上提出了与传统观点不同的区域构造格局及三级构造单元划分。然后,根据油气藏的类型、圈闭原理及研究区的构造背景,提出了隔水性构造可以圈闭油藏、为控油构造的结论。最后,以3条隐伏断裂为例,说明了隔水性和漏水性构造的遥感信息特征及其形成机制,并在研究区内圈出了3个油田预测区。     

Piled embankment to prevent damage to pipe buried in soft grounds undergoing lateral flow

Lateral flow of soft ground occurs when embankment filling is performed on reclaimed land of foreshore. If a utility pipe is buried in soft ground undergoing the lateral flow, severe damage to the pipe can be caused. A pile-supported embankment has been used to support embankment to minimize lateral flow of the soft soil by transferring the embankment loads through the piles to the firm layer. To prevent damage to the buried pipe subjected to lateral force of the soft ground, full-scale field experiments on the piled embankment were conducted for 70 days. The test results show that the piled embankment effectively reduces both the settlements of the ground and the lateral displacements of the buried pipe. Although additional load was not imposed on the embankment after finishing embankment filling, the settlement and lateral displacement of soft ground simultaneously increased. This coupling behavior was observed at the toe of the embankment and the back of the buried pipe. To quantitatively evaluate the coupling effect of the movement, the coupling area (CA) was coined and analyzed with the efficiency of load transfer. The efficiency evaluated by the CA was in good agreement with the efficiency by the soil arching mechanism.     

Sequence Stratigraphy Study of the Late Quaternary Activity of the Nankou-Sunhe Fault in Its Northern Segment,Beijing

A test drilling exploration was implemented across the northern segment of the Nankou-Sunhe fault in the Beijing plain, and a combined borehole section was built by sequence stratigraphy, lithologic facies analysis, magnetic susceptibilityand absolute chronology to investigate the episodic activities of the fault since 60 ka BP. The results show that the active stages of the fault are 60 ka to 47 ka BP, 36 ka to 28 ka BP, and 16 ka BP to present. Other intervals are relatively stable. The average vertical slip rate is 0.35 mm/a from 60 ka to 37 ka BP, 0 mm/a from 37 ka to 3：2 ka BP,0.78 mm/a from 32 ka to 12 ka BP,and 0.35 mm/a since 12 ka BP. Compared with the conventional analyses on lithology and sedimentary facies, the sequence stratigraphy method has certain advantages in the studies of borehole strata comparison and episodic activity of buried faults.