遥感数据(TM)的地空相关性研究及其在成矿预测中的应用

在合理的大气物理假设前提下,本文通过对遥感方程的推导,论证了遥感传感器各通道接收的亮度R_ij与地物的反射亮度W_ij呈线性相关。依据这一地空波谱数据的相关关系,笔者在对典型铜多金属矿床的野外波谱实测基础上,经与TM遥感数据进行相关分析,建立了典型矿床的地面波谱反射率数据与TM图像最佳波段数据的相关模型,并据这些相关模型,将TM图像反演成与矿床地面波谱有关的地空相关图像,同时建立了矿床光谱识别模型,并据其进行了计算机图像矿床光谱异常识别。TM数据的地空相关性研究的应用结果表明,矿床的地面波谱研究及其与遥感TM数据的相关分析方法在成矿预测、找矿靶区定位中应用效果颇佳,是多金属矿产信息提取值得借鉴的方法。     

地下管线普查监理工作方法及现状探讨

本文主要介绍了地下管线普查监理基本原理、工作方法、实施措施和目前地下管线普查监理现状，并对目前地下管线普查监理中存在的问题进行探讨。     

遥感方法对黄土地区隐伏控油构造的评价

本文提出了判断黄土地区隐伏断裂的标志,并将研究区的隐伏断裂划分为基岩断裂、新构造或继承性构造、断裂破碎带或岩脉以及深层构造4种类型。在此基础上提出了与传统观点不同的区域构造格局及三级构造单元划分。然后,根据油气藏的类型、圈闭原理及研究区的构造背景,提出了隔水性构造可以圈闭油藏、为控油构造的结论。最后,以3条隐伏断裂为例,说明了隔水性和漏水性构造的遥感信息特征及其形成机制,并在研究区内圈出了3个油田预测区。     

黄淮海平原地貌结构特征及其演化

本文对黄淮海平原地貌从地表到地下随时间变化进行了四维空间的研究，着重探讨了平原地貌结构和它的发育、演化规律，为本区地下水资源评价、国土整治和环境保护提供了一定的理论依据。     

地震叠前深度偏移方法流程及应用

针对复杂介质的成像问题,提出了一套地震资料叠前深度偏移方法流程,主要包括三部分：（１）地震资料精细预处理;（２）速度－深度模型建立;（３）叠前深度偏移成像．以Ｋｉｒｃｈｈｏｆｆ偏移理论为基础,强调地质与地球物理的综合以及地震处理与解释的一体化．在ＺＸ地区成功地实现了二维地震资料叠前深度偏移,所获得的ＮＥ２０６叠前深度偏移剖面揭示了复杂的ＺＸ古潜山及其内部构造,并清楚地展示了逆掩断层的存在．     

高寒地区浅基础埋深问题

运用工程实例论述了影响高寒地区浅基础埋深的重要因素, 提出了基础埋深的具体计算方法。     

GIS,multi‐criteria and multi‐factor spatial analysis for the probability assessment of the existence of illegal landfills

This work deals with the identification of potentially contaminated areas using remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS) and multi‐criteria spatial analysis. The identification of unknown illegal landfills is a crucial environmental problem in all developed and developing countries, where a large number of illegal waste deposits exist as a result of fast, and relatively unregulated, industrial growth over the past century. The criteria used to perform the spatial analysis are here selected by considering the characteristics which are ‘desirable’ for an illegal waste disposal site, chiefly related to the existence of roads for easy access and to a low population density which facilitates unnoticed dumping of illegal waste materials. A large dataset describing known legal and illegal landfills and the context of their location (population, road network, etc.) was used to perform a spatial statistical analysis to select factors and criteria allowing for the identification of the known waste deposits. The final result is a map describing the likelihood of an illegal waste deposit to be located at any arbitrary location. Such a probability map is then used together with remote sensing techniques to narrow down the set of possibly contaminated sites (Silvestri and Omri, 2008 Silvestri, S. and Omri, M. 2008. A method for the remote sensing identification of uncontrolled landfills: formulation and validation.. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 29(4): 975–989. [Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]), which are candidates for further analyses and field investigations. The importance of the integration of GIS and remote sensing is highlighted and represents a key instrument for environmental management and for the spatially‐distributed characterization of possible uncontrolled landfill sites.     

Stress analysis of buried steel pipelines at strike-slip fault crossings

Existing analytical methods for the stress analysis of buried steel pipelines at crossings with active strike-slip faults depend on a number of simplifications, which limit their applicability and may even lead to non-conservative results. The analytical methodology presented herein maintains the well-established assumptions of existing methodologies, but also introduces a number of refinements in order to achieve a more wide range of application without any major simplicity sacrifice. More specifically, it employs equations of equilibrium and compatibility of displacements to derive the axial force applied on the pipeline and adopts a combination of beam-on-elastic-foundation and elastic-beam theory to calculate the developing bending moment. Although indirectly, material and large-displacement non-linearities are also taken into account, while the actual distribution of stresses on the pipeline cross-section is considered for the calculation of the maximum design strain. The proposed methodology is evaluated against the results of a series of benchmark 3D non-linear analyses with the finite element method. It is shown that fairly accurate predictions of pipeline strains may be obtained for a wide range of crossing angles and fault movement magnitudes encountered in practice.     

新疆境内部分地质年代数据反映的现代构造运动

由地质样品的年代及其埋深，得到样品所在地的沉降速率。一般情况下，一个剖面上只有一个数据，可得到一个地区的沉降速率。昆仑山的沉降速率最大，阿尔泰山次之，天山最小，但特克斯是个例外。少数剖面上有2—3个数据，由同一剖面上的不同数据，可得到阶段性的沉降速率。阶段速率图(the picture of phase rate—PPR图)清楚地表示了晚更新世至全新世4不同阶段不一样的沉降速率。