广州地区近地层湍流输送的特征

利用风温梯度观测资料,以相似理论为基础,采用迭代方法得到普适函数Φ（ｚ／Ｌ）的半径验表达式,对近地层总体输送系数的牲进行了分析,求得了与风速、温度的拟合关系,并利用实测资料地其适用性作了检验。     

Idealized simulation of the Colorado hailstorm case: comparison of bulk and detailed microphysics

One of the purposes of the Fourth Cloud Modeling Workshop was to compare different microphysical treatments. In this paper, the results of a widely used bulk treatment and five versions of a detailed microphysical model are presented. Sensitivity analysis was made to investigate the effect of bulk parametrization, ice initiation technique, CCN concentration and collision efficiency of rimed ice crystal–drop collision. The results show that: (i) The mixing ratios of different species of hydrometeors calculated by bulk and one of the detailed models show some similarity. However, the processes of hail/graupel formation are different in the bulk and the detailed models. (ii) Using different ice initiation in the detailed models' different processes became important in the hail and graupel formation. (iii) In the case of higher CCN concentration, the mixing ratio of liquid water, hail and graupel were more sensitive to the value of collision efficiency of rimed ice crystal–drop collision. (iv) The Bergeron–Findeisen process does not work in the updraft core of a convective cloud. The vapor content was always over water saturation; moreover, the supersaturation gradually increased after the appearance of precipitation ice particles.     

Geology of epithermal silver-gold bulk-mining targets,bodie district,Mono County,California

The Bodie mining district in Mono County, California, is zoned with a core polymetallic-quartz vein system and silver- and gold-bearing quartz-adularia veins north and south of the core. The veins formed as a result of repeated normal faulting during doming shortly after extrusion of felsic flows and tuffs, and the magmatic-hydrothermal event seems to span at least 2 Ma.Epithermal mineralization accompanied repeated movement of the normal faults, resulting in vein development in the planes of the faults. The veins occur in a very large area of argillic alteration. Individual mineralized structures commonly formed new fracture planes during separate fault movements, with resulting broad zones of veinlets growing in the walls of the major vein-faults. The veinlet swarms have been found to constitute a target estimated at 75,000,000 tons, averaging 0.037 ounce gold per ton. The target is amenable to bulkmining exploitation.The epithermal mineralogy is simple, with electrum being the most important precious metal mineral. The host veins are typical low-sulfide banded epithermal quartz and adularia structures that filled voids created by the faulting. Historical data show that beneficiation of the simple vein mineralogy is very efficient. On the cover: Southeast view of Bodie mining district in Mono County, California, one of the more famous pioneer epithermal gold producers in the western U.S. Recent exploration drilling suggests an additional resource of 2 million ounces of gold. The townsite is at the intersection of roads near the center of the photo. The foreground is mainly tuff breccia of the Bodie Hills volcanic field. Arcuate lines in the valley beyond the hills are old Mono Lake shorelines. The White Mountains form the ridge on the skyline. Photo by Frank Kleinhampl, about 1970.     

1972年8月事件期间四个耀斑引起的日球层扰动的模拟研究

1972年8月发生的太阳耀斑事件是第20太阳周期内最重大的事件,我们在改进Hakamada-Akasofu方法（以下简称HA方法）的基础上,对事件期间四个较大的耀斑所引起的行星际扰动进行了计算机模拟研究,并取得了令人满意的结果。这些模拟包括赤道平面上一系列二维的激波形状、激波传播以及空间飞船先驱者9号、先驱者10号（以下简称P9、P10）和地球位置上的粒子速度-时间曲线。最后,本文还将该模拟结果与Dryer等人所做的同一事件的一维MHD模拟结果做了比较,并对模拟结果和HA方法本身做了一些讨论。     

Hydrogeological evolution of the Luni river basin,Rajasthan, western India: A review

The Luni river basin has been evolved as a result of typical hydrogeomorphic processes of arid zone, operating under the influence of active tectonic lineaments. A detailed analysis of stream morphology in relation to geology and lineaments carried out on selected windows indicated the morphological control of the streams while flowing over the lineaments from the eastern to the western part of the basin. Typical valley fills indicated by dark green tone on digitally processed images and the pediments showing greenish white tone appear in sharp contrast and indicate respectively the graben and horst structures. A detailed identification of lineaments for the georesources and geological evaluation has been carried out. Earlier analysis carried out on Bouguer anomalies correlate with graben and horst structures in the subsurface. Quaternary sequences have been dated from 80 ka to 3 ka indicating a range of fluvial to aeolian deposits reflecting prevailing climatic conditions. However, the changes in sediment type from coarse and mixed of all size grades to fine in a vertical litho-column warrant further studies on fine resolution stratigraphy and high resolution stratigraphy for understanding climatic variations in the region     

数字河道测量系统的研究与开发

河道测量作为河流治理和开发的基础，其技术发展和研究已引起有关部门的高度重视，在河流治理开发和水资源利用中占有极其重要的地位。文中介绍了GPS导航定位数字河道测量系统RISS的开发背景和意义，简述了该系统的总体结构、功能、特点和应用。     

Tectonic controls on spatio-temporal development of depositional systems and generation of fining-upward basin fills in a strike-slip setting: Kyokpori Formation (Cretaceous), south-west Korea

Abstract The Kyokpori Formation (Cretaceous), south‐west Korea, represents a small‐scale lacustrine strike‐slip basin and consists of an ≈ 290 m thick siliciclastic succession with abundant volcaniclasts. The succession can be organized into eight facies associations representing distinctive depositional environments: (I) subaqueous talus; (II) delta plain; (III) steep‐gradient large‐scale delta slope; (IV) base of delta slope to prodelta; (V) small‐scale nested Gilbert‐type delta; (VI) small‐scale delta‐lobe system; (VII) subaqueous fan; and (VIII) basin plain. Facies associations I, III and IV together constitute a large‐scale steep‐sloped delta system. Correlation of the sedimentary succession indicates that the formation comprises two depositional sequences: the lower coarsening‐ to fining‐upward succession (up to 215 m thick) and the upper fining‐upward succession (up to 75 m thick). Based on facies distribution, architecture and correlation of depositional sequences, three stages of basin evolution are reconstructed. Stage 1 is represented by thick coarse‐grained deposits in the lower succession that form subaqueous breccia talus and steep‐sloped gravelly delta systems along the northern and southern basin margins, respectively, and a sandy subaqueous fan system inside the basin, abutting against a basement high. This asymmetric facies distribution suggests a half‐graben structure for the basin, and the thick accumulation of coarse‐grained deposits most likely reflects rapid subsidence of the basin floor during the transtensional opening of the basin. Stage 2 is marked by sandy black shale deposits in the upper part of the lower succession. The black shale is readily correlated across the basin margins, indicating a basinwide transgression probably resulting from large‐scale dip slip suppressing the lateral slip component on basin‐bounding faults. Stage 3 is characterized by gravelly delta‐lobe deposits in the upper succession that are smaller in dimension and located more basinward than the deposits of marginal systems of the lower succession. This lakeward shift of depocentre suggests a loss of accommodation in the basin margins and quiescence of fault movements. This basin evolution model suggests that the rate of dip‐slip displacement on basin‐margin faults can be regarded as the prime control for determining stacking patterns of such basin fills. The resultant basinwide fining‐upward sequences deviate from the coarsening‐upward cycles of other transtensional basins and reveal the variety of stratigraphic architecture in strike‐slip basins controlled by the changes in relative sense and magnitude of fault movements at the basin margins.     

灰土碎石振动挤密桩在杂填土地区的地基处理施工方法和作用

在新近杂填土上建厂，因杂填土松散、厚度大、基岩埋深大，若采用基岩作天然地基即用人工挖孔桩或机械成孔灌注桩，则很不经济，施工也存在安全隐患，易坍孔，且工期长。经过比较，采用灰土碎石挤密桩对杂填土进行处理后，作复合地基，施工易于操作并极大的缩短了工期，取得了良好的效果。     

The effects of survey frequency on estimates of scour and fill in a braided river model

An erratum has been published for this article in Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 27(7) 2002, 795. Estimates of scour and fill in rivers that are derived by differencing topographic surfaces are known to be negatively biased by local compensation of scour and fill between surveys but the magnitude of bias is not well known. This study examines the effect of survey frequency on volumes of scour and fill over a period of active channel braiding in a small‐scale river model. A 100 min, high temporal resolution time series of digital elevation models is artificially coarsened by selectively removing models. The resulting four overlapping time series have survey intervals of 10 min, 20 min, 50 min and 100 min. Cumulative scour and fill volumes for the 100 min period are compared between the four series. It is concluded that the decay in measured volumes of scour and fill with increased survey interval can be described using inverse functions. Cumulative scour–fill volumes are approximately 420 per cent greater over the study period for 10 min survey intervals than for a 100 min interval. After the 100 min period of competent flow, nearly 65 per cent of the channel area experienced significant compensation of scour and fill. Several compensation mechanisms were identified in association with braided channel kinetics, including lateral channel migration, the migration of bed forms, and channel avulsion. It is demonstrated that by negatively biasing scour, fill and net estimates, this error significantly affects morphological approaches to the estimation of bed load sediment transport. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

准噶尔盆地北部古近系挤压推覆构造与沉积耦合分析

通过对准噶尔盆地北部古近系沉积充填特征及古近纪-新近纪挤压推覆构造的分析，初步确定了准噶尔盆地北缘同沉积挤压推覆作用下构造与沉积的联系，讨论了的挤压背景下后生轴成矿的问题，并试图确定古近系沉积和准噶尔盆地北缘逆冲挤压断裂带的时空对应关系。