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991.
1 INTRODUCTION Bioavailability to the biota and the biogeo-chemistry of trace metals in marine environment areaffected by their chemical speciation in the naturalsystem (Bruland et al., 1991; Van den Berg andDonat, 1992; Wells et al., 1998). Therefore, thesetwo parameters, the ligands concentrations andconditional stability constants, are important todetermine the complexing capacity. Sea surface microlayer (SML), the thin interfa-cial boundary between ocean and atmosphere, playsan imp… 相似文献
992.
以发光细菌法监测了粤东柘林湾水体和表层沉积物生物毒性的周年变化,结果表明,所有站位的周年调查中,最低相对发光度为84%,最高为131%,各站位的表层水、底层水和沉积物的相对发光度的年均值都在100%以上,其水体和沉积物均属于低毒或无毒水平,表明该海域尚未被有毒物质污染。由于海水对海洋发光细菌的活化作用,大部分检测样品的发光度都超过对照样品的发光度。监测样品的相对发光度在周年和季节变化上没有规律性,与细菌季节变化的关系不明显,相对发光度的高低与细菌生理群数量的大小没有必然的联系。沉积物样品生物毒性的发光细菌监测方法有待于进一步改善。 相似文献
993.
Jiaozhou Bay data collected from May 1991 to February 1994, in 12 seasonal investigations, and provided the authors by the Ecological Station of Jiaozhou B ay, were analyzed to determine the spatiotemporal variations in temperature, light, nutrients (NO-3-N, NO-2-N, NH+4-N, SiO2-3-Si, PO3-4-P), phytoplankton, and primary production in Jiaozhou Bay. The results indicated that only silicate correlated well in time and space with, and had important effects on, the characteristics, dynamic cycles and trends of, primary production in Jiaozhou Bay. The authors developed a corresponding dynamic model of primary production and silicate and water temperature. Eq.(1) of the model shows that the primary production variation is controlled by the nutrient Si and affected by water temp erature; that the main factor controlling the primary production is Si; that water temper ature affects the composition of the structure of phytoplankton assemblage; that the different populations of the phytoplankton assemblage occupy different ecologica l niches for C, the apparent ratio of conversion of silicate in seawater into phytoplankton biomas and D, the coefficient of water temperature's effect on phytoplankton biomass. The authors researched the silicon source of Jiaozhou Bay , the biogeochemical sediment process of the silicon, the phytoplankton predominan t species and the phytoplankton structure. The authors considered silicate a limit ing factor of primary production in Jiaozhou Bay, whose decreasing concentration of silicate from terrestrial source is supposedly due to dilution by current and up take by phytoplankton; quantified the silicate assimilated by phytoplankton, the intrins ic ratio of conversion of silicon into phytoplankton biomass, the proportion of silicate uptaken by phytoplankton and diluted by current; and found that the primary production of the phytoplankton is determined by the quantity of the silicate assimilated by them. The phenomenon of apparently high plant-nutrient concentrations but low phytoplankton biomass in some waters is reasonably explained in this paper. 相似文献
994.
995.
The environmental problems in the Bohai Sea have become more serious in the last decade. High nutrient concentration contributes
much to it. A Sino-German cooperation program has been carried out to improve the understanding of the ecosystem by observations
and modelling. A three-dimensional ecosystem model, coupled with a physical transport model, is adopted in this study. The
simulation for the year 1982 is validated by the data collected in 1982/1983. The simulated annual mean nutrient concentrations
are in good agreement with observations. The nutrient concentrations in the bohai Sea, which are crucial to the algal growth,
are high in winter and low in summer. There are depletion from spring to summer and elevation from autumn to winter for nutrients.
The nutrients’ depletion is a response to the consumption of the phytoplankton bloom in spring. Internal recycle and external
compensation affect the nutrient cycle. Their contributions to the nutrient budgets are discussed based on the simulated results.
Production and respiration are the most important sink and source of nutrients. The process of photosynthesis consumes 152
kilotons-P and 831.1 kilotons-N while respiration releases 94.5 kilotons-P and 516.6 kilotons-N in the same period. The remineralization
of the detritus pool is an important source of nutrient regeneration, It can compensate 23 percent of the nutrient consumed
by the production process. The inputs of phosphates and nitrogen from rivers are 0.55 and 52.7 kilotons respectively. The
net nutrient budget is −3.05 kilotons-P and 31.6 kilotons-N. 相似文献
996.
997.
1:150万山东省地下水资源评价空间数据库,是全国地下水资源评价空间数据库的重要组成部分,是在新一轮山东省地下水资源评价的基础上建立的。本文简要论述了建库的准备、图形数据采集、属性数据采集、数据的集成4个阶段的工作方法流程。该库的建立,实现了山东省地下水资源评价空间信息的集中管理、数据的网络查询、统计分析及全国范围内的信息共享。 相似文献
998.
999.
山东省地质遗迹资源丰富 ,种类繁多 ,可划分为地质剖面古生物化石产地类、溶洞 (群 )类、泉 (群 )瀑布类、异石名山奇峰类、海岛浴场湖泊类、火山 (口 )类、湿地类等 7大类。地质遗迹是地球发展演化过程中遗留下来的自然遗产 ,是极其珍贵的不可再生的自然资源。人们通过各种地质遗迹现象 ,可以追溯地质演化历史以及各地质历史时期的古地理、古气候、古生态环境状况。地质遗迹在科研、教学、科普教育和旅游观赏等方面具有极为重要的意义。地质遗迹保护应坚持积极保护与合理开发相结合 ,加强管理与宣传教育相结合 ,长期规划与短期安排相结合以及总体部署、分步实施的原则 相似文献
1000.
P.B. Kozelka S. Sañudo-Wilhelmy A.R. Flegal K.W. Bruland 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1997,44(6):649-658
The speciation of lead at a site in the South San Francisco Bay was determined using a combination of physical size fractionation and electrochemical analyses. The ‘ total dissolvable ’ Pb was 8·1 nM from analysis of an acidified unfiltered sample. The ‘ dissolved ’ Pb was equal to 0·20 nM (41 ng l−1), only 2·5% of the ‘ total dissolvable ’ Pb. The difference yielded the ‘ particulate ’ Pb equal to 7·9 nM (1·6 μg l−1). Results from crossflow ultrafiltration indicated that almost all (0·19 nM) of the dissolved Pb was ‘ in solution ’ [<10K nominal molecular weight (MW)] and that colloidal Pb (10K MW to 0·2 μm)accounted for onlyc. 1% of the dissolved Pb at this station. This small concentration (0·01 nM) of colloidal Pb may be attributed to the low amount of organic carbon associated with colloid size fraction as determined by dissolved organic carbon analyses.The chemical speciation of lead was determined in the dissolved sample and ultrafiltered sub-sample. Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) on a thin mercury film (TMF) rotating glassy carbon disk electrode (RGCDE) was used to distinguish the kinetically labile inorganic species (Pb′) from the Pb-chelated by organic ligands (PbLi). Lead titration results were similar for both samples revealing that Pb′, PbLiand excess unbound ligands were present primarily in the ultrafiltrate, rather than in the colloidal phase. The titration data can be interpreted as dissolved Pb being influenced by two classes of Pb-binding ligands. In the dissolved sample, the concentration of the stronger class of ligands was [L1]=0·89±0·35 nM, with a conditional stability constant ofKcondL1,Pb′=3±1×1010M−1. The weaker class was [L2]=12·8±1·9 nM, withKcondL1,Pb′=4±1×108 M−1. The presence of these ligands, in excess of the dissolved Pb, resulted in [Pb′]=7±2 pM and [Pb2+]=0·3 pM (62 pg l−1). While less than 2·4% of the ambient Pb was ‘ in solution ’, it existed chiefly in the form of organic complexes with [PbL1]=0·15 nM and [PbL2]=0·03 nM. More significantly, there were large concentrations of unchelated Pb-binding ligands, (Li′), available to buffer the free Pb2+concentration in the event of perturbations in dissolved Pb. 相似文献