中国双壳类古生物学研究近百年来的发展

近百年来,中国化石双壳类的研究经历了从无到有,从基础资料的积累到向基础理论方向发展和关门自守到走向世界的过程,逐渐摆脱了“标准化石”和从属地位,走上古生物学发展的道路。新中国成立后,经过我国几代双壳类古生物学工作者们的努力,中国各地质时期的双壳类组成总貌和双壳类化石的层序地层学已经得到揭示和确定,双壳类的起源、演化、埋葬、古生态和古生物地理学也受到不同程度的研究或探讨。双壳类古生物学已经并正在积极而有效地指导或支持地质生产。顾知微院士是我国化石双壳类学科最重要的承传和奠基人。     

中国海帮斗蛤科一新种——中华帮斗蛤

在1985年进行长江口调查时,采到了数个双壳类标本,经鉴定认为系帮斗蛤科一新种——中华帮斗蛤Pandora(Frenamya)sinica sp. nov.。新种左壳前主齿和中主齿为一横向的隔板相连结。右壳中主齿发达,后主齿短小。模式标本保存于中国科学院海洋研究所内。     

Late Miocene freshwater mussels from the intermontane Chota Basin,northern Ecuadorean Andes

Prior to the development of the modern Amazonian drainage network during the Late Miocene-Early Pliocene, large areas of western Amazonia may have been occupied by an extensive lacustrine and wetland environment known as the Pebas and Acre systems. These depositional systems are thought to have formed in response to foreland subsidence east of the uplifting Andes. Based on the occurrence at a present-day elevation of 1600 m of fossil pearly freshwater mussels of the genus Anodontites (indet. species) in intermontane Chota Basin of northern Ecuador (the westernmost South American fossil record for this genus), we discuss their potential implications for understanding of westernmost limit of the Miocene wetland ecosystem and consequently a later timing for the regional uplift of the Eastern Cordillera.     

我国重要帘蛤科(Veneridae)贝类的16S rRNA序列系统学分析

本文对我国隶属于帘蛤科(Veneridae)10个亚科、17个属、20种贝类的16S rRNA基因片段进行了系统学分析, 上述动物的16S rRNA片段长度在438—648bp之间, 利用PAUP软件包在对序列比对基础上构建了邻接系统树(NJ)和最大拟然系统树(ML)。16S rRNA数据显示, 我国帘蛤科贝类由三个主要分支组成, 美女蛤亚科中的加夫蛤属(Gafrarium)可能是一个单型属, 该属与美女蛤属合并为加夫蛤属比较恰当。帘蛤亚科与雪蛤亚科应属于不连续的分类单元。另外, 青蛤亚科与仙女蛤亚科均应作为独立的亚科存在。本文的研究结论与修订后的帘蛤科形态分类观点一致。