Dynamic responses of a saturated poroelastic half-space generated by a moving truck on the uneven pavement

A truck–pavement–ground coupling model was established to study the dynamic responses of a saturated poroelastic half-space generated by a moving heavy truck on the uneven pavement. The ground was simulated as a fully saturated poroelastic half-space governed by Biot’s theory. The overlying pavement was simplified as a Kirchhoff thin plate. With the assumption of a sinusoidal pavement surface, the dynamic wheel–pavement force was obtained through a linear Hertizian contact model. The numerical results showed that this dynamic load could make considerable contributions to the stress and excess pore water pressure responses in the ground. Furthermore, the effective stress path of the soil unit beneath the pavement caused by the moving truck was firstly calculated and presented. It was found that the differences between the total stress path and the effective stress path became significant as the truck speed increased, thus the effective stress path was more suitable than total stress path to reflect the stress history of soil elements in the saturated ground during the passage of high-speed traffics.     

自由场典型液化特征数值模拟试验

应用FLAOD实现自由场液化数值模拟试验.试验结果验证了砂土液化典型特征:超静孔隙水压升高,有效应力降低,体积压缩积累增大.证实了液化的隔振作用:砂土在液化状态变为流体,不能传递剪力,液化时砂土位移、速度、加速度振幅显著降低,剪应力降低,动水向上渗流,土体向下沉降,水平残留不可恢复位移.球压应力、有效压应力、动水压力满...     

Artificial neural network forward modelling and inversion of electrokinetic logging data

An artificial neural network method is proposed as a computationally economic alternative to numerical simulation by the Biot theory for predicting borehole seismoelectric measurements given a set of formation properties. Borehole seismoelectric measurements are simulated using a finite element forward model, which solves the Biot equations together with an equation for the streaming potential. The results show that the neural network method successfully predicts the streaming potentials at each detector, even when the input pressures are contaminated with 10% Gaussian noise. A fast inversion methodology is subsequently developed in order to predict subsurface material properties such as porosity and permeability from streaming potential measurements. The predicted permeability and porosity results indicate that the method predictions are more accurate for the permeability predictions, with the inverted permeabilities being in excellent agreement with the actual permeabilities. This approach was finally verified by using data from a field experiment. The predicted permeability results seem to predict the basic trends in permeabilities from a packer test. As expected from synthetic results, the predicted porosity is less accurate. Investigations are also carried out to predict the zeta potential. The predicted zeta potentials are in agreement with values obtained through experimental self potential measurements.     

弹性波在流体与饱和孔隙固体界面上的反射

针对流体与孔隙介质边界可能出现闭孔边界的情况,研究了从理想流体入射到黏滞流体饱和孔隙介质的弹性波反射问题,计算考察了采用顾及喷射流动动力学机制的BISQ模型下介质参数对反射系数的影响,并与开孔边界的情况和采用Biot模型的结果进行了对比。结果表明边界状况对采用BISQ模型的反射系数影响更明显。     

条形荷载下高饱和土地基的固结与沉降

以Biot（1941）提出的理想土体的三维固结理论为基础,在水流连续条件中增加了考虑孔隙流体本身的压缩变形,并将这一因素以高饱和度土体的饱和度的变化为表征,写入文中建立的平面应变下的Biot二维固结方程。通过实施Laplace变换和Fourier正余弦变换获得基本方程组,求解得到初始函数表达式;再利用数值反变换得到任意时刻、任意一点的数值解,并侧重分析了高饱和土饱和度的变化对孔隙流体的压缩性能的影响,以及由此而产生的固结全过程的变化,表明了考虑孔隙流体的压缩对分析高饱和度土体的固结行为的意义。该解可以进一步推广到其它类型荷载作用在土体不同位置,以及不同边界条件下多层地基的二维固结分析。     

复合加筋排水褥垫加固路基有限元计算

复合加筋排水褥垫是针对沿海缺砂地区开发的,具有水平排水与加筋作用的一项新型专利技术,可取代软基加固中的排水砂垫层。采用二维平面应变Biot固结有限元模型对复合加筋排水褥垫软土路堤进行了数值模拟,结果表明复合加筋排水褥垫可以满足水平排水要求,另外与传统的水平排水砂垫层相比,该技术可降低地基附加正应力和超孔隙水压力,有效抑制路基侧向变形的发展,减小路基沉降与不均匀沉降,提高路基稳定性,加筋效果显著。     

地下水开采与地面沉降控制三维全耦合模型研究

针对第四纪松散沉积层中地下水开采所引起的地面沉降问题,以比奥固结理论为基础,考虑到土体的非线性特征及土体的渗透性随应力状态的动态变化,引入邓肯-张非线性模型和渗透率动态模型,将地下水渗流场和土体应力场耦合起来,并以吴江市浅层地下水开采为例,建立了浅层地下水开采与地面沉降三维全耦合数值模型。在对模型进行校正、识别的基础上,以微承压含水层未来10 a内地下水位埋深不低于含水层顶板、地面沉降量不超过50 mm为约束条件,预测了吴江市各镇的地下水可采资源量合计为1 203.59×10⁴m³/a。     

Biot理论的唯象修正对S波特性的影响

将复模量引入Biot方程后，在一维条件下通过S波的波动方程研究了S波的传播特性，S波的数值分析显示在频率域或温度域上都能获得热弛豫衰减峰和Biot衰减峰. 在频率域上由于温度的变化引起两峰相向位移,在温度域上,因频率的变化也发生相对移动. 随着温度和频率的不断提高，两峰发生叠加，叠加后两峰互换位置. 低频或低温段的热弛豫峰移到了高频或高温段，高频或高温段的Biot峰移到了低频或低温段.由于两峰的衰减机制不同，导致S波波速随频率或温度变化规律的复杂性. 这些规律已部分被共振实验所证实，证实该理论模型具有实验基础.     

Biot固结理论在地面沉降计算中的应用

在回顾地面沉降研究现状的基础上,提出采用Biot固结理论进行由降水形成的渗流场与应力场的耦合分析,并运用二维Biot固结平面有限元程序计算因开采地下水而引起的地面沉降问题,最后通过工程实例验证了该方法的可行性。     

三相周期成层Patchy模型中地震波频散和衰减

本文基于White周期层状模型,将传统两相流体（气,水）模型扩展至三相流体（油、气、水）周期层状模型,在Biot理论框架下将其延伸至高频,研究介观尺度地震频带下纵波在三相Patchy模型中的传播规律.应用孔隙介质弹性波波动方程解耦方法,结合等效边界条件,得到Biot1956年理论框架下的纵波速度频散与衰减的解析解.利用频率域有限差分方法,将Biot1941年、1956年理论方程中的微分算子离散化,正演得到纵波速度频散与衰减的数值解,结合由Biot-Gassmann-Hill公式和Biot-Gassmann-Wood公式计算得到的纵波速度上下限,证明了三相流体模型解析解的正确性.随后,研究了三种流体排列顺序对于纵波速度频散和衰减的影响.从受力分析角度来看,油层抵消部分水流对气层的力,使其受力减小,反之水流促进油流入气层,气层受到叠加力,因此改变流体顺序后气层受力情况不同,造成纵波频散和衰减结果有所差异.最后研究了含气饱和度变化对于纵波速度频散和衰减影响.