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991.
992.
理想弹性介质并不能解决许多复杂的实际问题。在实际介质中,地震波的传播过程存在吸收作用,使地震波能量发生了损耗、频带变窄、相位延迟、频率降低,尤其是高频部份。这种特性可以用传播矢量和衰减矢量来表示,衰减矢量越大,介质的吸收越强。这里通过引入广义平面波、纵横波品质因子以及衰减角,利用应力应变关系和连续性条件,推导了粘弹性介质精确的Zoeppritz方程,并通过求解精确的Zoeppritz方程,分析了粘弹性介质中传播矢量、衰减矢量、纵波反射系数、转换波反射系数与频率、衰减角、入射角、品质因子、速度等物理量之间的关系,详细地了解了粘弹性介质中地震波传播特征及反射特征,为粘弹性介质中储层预测问题的研究提供了理论基础。 相似文献
993.
994.
为解决"三下"压煤问题,本文以邯矿集团亨健煤矿2515工作面为研究对象,对现场进行实测,计算地表实测下沉系数;采用文克儿地基假设方法,对比分析了不同开采方法采空区上覆岩层破断规律.结果表明:采用全部垮落法开采,推进距离等于直接顶的极限跨距(l=25.7 m)时极限挠度约为1.057 m,随着工作面推进,直接顶出现破碎;... 相似文献
995.
在2003年10月27日和28日观测的太湖水质光谱试验数据的支持下,利用数值模拟方法研究了试验数据误差与水质浓度反演模型经验常数之间的关系。研究结果表明,当试验数据误差分别服从正态分布与均匀分布时,反演模型的经验常数随着试验数据误差的增加而呈发散状态。根据试验数据误差与反演精度的关系可知,26.58%的试验误差对应着30%的反演精度,这就意味着在不考虑遥感影像处理所产生误差的前提下,严格控制试验数据误差在26.58%以内,是反演精度打破±30%的技术瓶颈的关键要素之一。 相似文献
996.
997.
Renaud F Oberhänsli F Teyssié JL Miramand P Temara A Warnau M 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(5):942-947
Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates (LAS) are ubiquitous surfactants. Traces can be found in coastal environments. Sorption and toxicity of C12-LAS congeners were studied in controlled conditions (2-3500 μg C12LAS/L) in five marine phytoplanktonic species, using standardized methods. IC50 values ranged from 0.5 to 2 mg LAS/L. Sorption of 14C12-6 LAS isomer was measured at environmentally relevant trace levels (4 μg/L) using liquid scintillation counting. Steady-state sorption on algae was reached within 5 h in the order dinoflagellate > diatoms > green algae. The sorption data, fitted a L-type Freundlich isotherm, indicating saturation. Desorption was rapid but a low LAS fraction was still sorbed after 24 h. Toxic cell concentration was 0.38 ± 0.09 mg/g for the studied species. LAS toxicity results from sorption on biological membranes leading to non-specific disturbance of algal growth. Results indicate that LAS concentrations in coastal environments do not represent a risk for these organisms. 相似文献
998.
Mustafa Evren Ersahin Recep Kaan Dereli Hale Ozgun Berivan Gunes Donmez Ismail Koyuncu Mahmut Altinbas Izzet Ozturk 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(6):543-548
Baker's yeast industry has significant effects on environment due to significant water consumption and high strength wastewater production. Effluents from baker's yeast industry are characterized by high concentrations of biological oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), total dissolved solids (TDS), sulfate, and dark brown color. The aim of this study is to provide a detailed quantitative and qualitative identification and characterization of the wastewater sources from different processes of a baker's yeast industry. It is identified that the most polluted wastewater components of the facility are coming from rotary drum filter and evaporation process. However, the highest pollution loads is identified as tank and equipment cleaning effluent due to very high flow rate from this source. The efforts should be on the way to minimize the water usage for the tank and equipment cleaning process, and to recycle less polluted waste streams back to the process. 相似文献
999.
Subramani Saravanan Govindan Nagarajan Radhakrishnan Ramanujam Santhanam Sampath 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(6):515-521
The main objective of this work is to investigate the factors influencing the NOx control of a stationary diesel engine fuelled with crude rice bran oil blend with lesser effect on smoke density and brake thermal efficiency (BTE). Fuel injection timing, percentage of EGR, and fuel injection pressure are chosen as the factors for the objective and NOx emission, smoke density, and BTE are considered as the response variables. To critically analyze the effects of the chosen factors on the objective three levels were chosen in each factor and the experiments were designed by following the design of experiments method. Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array was used to conduct the tests with different combination of factor levels. Through analysis of variance (ANOVA) method, the most influencing factors and also the significance of each factor affecting each response variable were found out. Response graph was drawn for each response variable to determine the optimum combination of factor levels in achieving the objective and the obtained combination was confirmed experimentally. 相似文献
1000.
Blasting induced vibration is one of the fundamental problems in the open-pit mines and intense vibration can cause critical damage to structures and plants nearby the open-pit mines, especially to the final pit wall's stability. It is very important to study how to control vibration induced by blasting in the mitigation of negative effects of blasting in open-pit mines. This study aims to examine the propagation of blasting induced ground vibrations and find the feasible approaches to reduce the harmful effects of vibrations induced by blasting on the final pit wall's stability. For this purpose, a series of field experiments were conducted in XinQiao Mining Co. Ltd. Sixty-six events and the blasting parameters of these shots were carefully recorded. During the statistical analysis of the collected data, the predictor equation proposed by the United States Bureau of Mines (USBM) was used to establish a relationship between the Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) and the Scaled Distance (SD) factor. The relationship between PPV and SD was determined and proposed to be used in this open-pit mine. Control of maximum charge amount per delay and the selection optimum interval time to reduce the intensity of vibration by waveform interference were applied in practice. Based on the field experiments, we can determine the maximum charge amount per delay and 15 ms delay were proposed to be used in this site, and a decrease in vibration of 24.5% was obtained. 相似文献