利用无人船测量系统检测钱塘江护岸工程水下块石

水下块石检测与识别作为钱塘江海塘护岸工程的关键环节,对保障板桩施工工效至关重要。本文首先在研究无人船测量系统岸基通信、数据采集核心技术基础上,推导了NORBIT多波束声呐分辨率估计模型及附加块石粒径约束条件的最大波束开角、最小数据更新率、最大航速间的关系式和推荐值;然后结合钱塘江水下多波束扫测点云数据三维特性,对区域生长算法进行改进,以实现块石点云识别和提取。工程实践结果表明,优化的无人船测量系统多波束声呐参数可实现水下细小块石精准检测,能如实反映水下块石及周边微地形地貌真实情况,改进的区域生长算法能从众多河床点云数据中高效提取水下块石点云,为板桩施工提供准确的块石分布情况,具有很好的工程应用意义。     

达深CP302开窗侧钻水平井钻井实践与认识

达深CP302井是大庆油田自主设计和施工的第一口深层小井眼欠平衡套管开窗侧钻水平井,该井集中了深井、小井眼井、欠平衡井、套管开窗及水平井的所有技术特点与难点。通过技术方案优化,确定了斜向器配合复式铣锥磨铣开窗方式,详细介绍了套管开窗侧钻技术和井眼轨迹控制技术。达深CP302井的钻探成功,取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

张八岭隆起北段金矿MORPAS证据权重法成矿预测

文章在构建张八岭隆起北段地质、地球物理和地球化学数据库的基础上,建立了较为详实的地质-地球化学空间信息结构模型;利用MORPAS3.0软件中常用的证据权重法,从地层、构造、岩浆、地球化学4个方面优选找矿标志,并开展了金矿找矿远景区预测和找矿靶区的优选。按照成矿地质条件的优劣程度、金矿床(点)的空间分布、金矿化的直接标志与间接标志、地质研究程度、示矿异常程度等因素的不同,把找矿靶区划分为3级8个区域。     

江西某铀矿堆浸工艺参数的设定及工艺参数优化

铀矿堆浸浸出法进行铀矿采集生产时存在着矿料浸出率过低、溶解酸耗量过大、产生较大环境污染等问题。以江西某铀矿作为研究对象,通过堆浸试验进行分析研究,优化铀矿堆浸的工艺参数:铀矿堆浸高度宜为3.5~4.0m,矿石粒径级配为6~8mm,在喷淋浸出初期(0~30d)采用20g/L的浓硫酸进行喷淋,喷淋强度宜为15L/(h·m2),在喷淋浸出期(30d~60d)采用20g/L的浓硫酸进行喷淋,喷淋强度宜为20L/(h·m2),在喷淋浸出后期(60d~120d)采用10g/L的浓硫酸进行喷淋,喷淋强度宜为8L/(h·m2)。     

Optimizing dewatering design for a metro station on the Chengdu Metro Line 7

At present, most calculation results regarding foundation pit dewatering are ideal values, making construction resources prone to being wasted. In order to optimize the traditional pipe well design of large wells, the linear programming solution module in Excel is used, with the total water inflow taken as the objective function, the water level drawdown used as the constraint and test condition, and a station project on the Chengdu Metro Line 7 serving as the subject of this study. The total water inflow of the traditional pipe well design is optimized by the simplex method, producing a total water inflow of 4 040.65 m3/d, which, compared with 4 829.79 m3/d, the total water inflow calculated by means of the traditional design optimization method, engenders a reduction of roughly 16% per day. The feasibility of the optimization methodology is verified by the drawdown constraint, which reveals the decrease of construction costs and the diminution of the influence that the lowered groundwater level has on the surroundings of the metro station. Finally, references are provided as to optimizing the dewatering designs for other metro stations in similar engineering and hydrogeological conditions.     

印度洋深海沉积物可培养放线菌分离样品预处理条件的优化

海洋沉积物微生物资源丰富,放线菌是其中的优势类群之一,但是海洋放线菌纯培养难度较大.本文利用响应面法对采自印度洋的深海沉积物样品进行湿热处理条件优化,实验中选取了5个因素设计实验,生长的放线菌经纯化培养后,针对16S rRNA基因进行测序分析,以每种优化条件下培养出的放线菌种类数为响应值,优化结果最终为:湿热处理温度5...     

Analysis of effects of operating parameters on rate of penetration in drilling process with air down-the-hole hammer

Air down-the-hole(DTH)hammer drilling has long been recognized to have the potential of drilling faster than conventional rotary drill,especially in some hard rocks such as granite,sandstone,limestone,dolomite,etc.with the same weight on bit(WOB)and rotations per minute(RPM).So,it has been widely used in many drilling fields including mineral resource exploration drilling,oil and gas drilling and geothermal drilling.In order to reduce drilling cost by selecting optimal drilling parameters,rate of penetration(ROP)should be estimated accurately and the effects of different factors on ROP should be analyzed.In this research,ANN model with several multi-layer perception back propagation(BP)networks for predicting ROP of air DTH hammer drilling was developed using controllable parameters such as impact energy,impact frequency,WOB,RPM and bit operating time for the formations with a certain drillability index of rock.Several BP neural networks with the different neurons in hidden layers were developed and compared for selecting optimal architecture of ANN.The effects of the drilling parameters such as impact energy,impacting frequency,WOB,RPM and bit operating time on the ROP of air DTH hammer drilling were investigated by trained ANN.From the analyses,the optimum range of drilling parameters for providing high ROP were determined and analyzed for a formation with a certain drillability index of rock.The methodology proposed in this study can be used in many mathematical problems for optimization of drilling process with air DTH hammer.     

磁法数据处理中的扩边和优化中值滤波方法的研究

依据地质体在地面上引起磁异常的特点,提出了三方向扩边方法,这种方法能够减小边界效应,使处理结果更可靠。在实际的测量中,磁法数据受外界的干扰比较大,干扰因素给数据处理和资料解释工作带来了影响。首次将中值滤波技术引入到磁法数据处理中,提出了一种新的滤波方法,即优化中值滤波方法,来解决这个问题,并给出了优化中值滤波的模型以及计算公式。最后利用优化中值滤波方法对实际磁测数据进行处理,取得了较好的效果。     

首钢曹妃甸钻孔桩海水泥浆应用研究

在滨海浅滩进行钻孔灌注桩施工时,能否应用海水配制泥浆、应用什么样的造浆材料和处理剂、泥浆指标的合理应用是钻孔灌注桩成功施工的重要因素。通过对几种造浆材料的比选,泥浆配比的优化,对使用海水配制膨润土泥浆的可行性进行了分析。结合首钢曹妃甸2号高炉区钻孔桩施工实例,简要介绍了膨润土海水泥浆的成功应用,对施工过程中的控制方法做了说明,以达到指导类似工程施工的目的。     

基于最优化算法的北京市新一代天气雷达Z-R关系研究

运用最优化方法,选取北京市新一代天气雷达2007年4场降雨的基数据资料与对应的雨量计资料进行Z-R关系研究,对不同类型的降雨和不同距离范围的雷达估测点分别优化.结果表明:运用优化后的Z-R关系估测降水量的误差要比缺省的Z-R关系式直接计算出降水量的误差小得多;层状云降水的估测结果优于对流云降水的估测:距离雷达站较近的地区其估测结果优于较远的地区.