Prediction of the median IDA curve by employing a limited number of ground motion records

A methodology has been proposed which can be used to reduce the number of ground motion records needed for the reliable prediction of the median seismic response of structures by means of incremental dynamic analysis (IDA). This methodology is presently limited to predictions of the median IDA curve only. The reduction in the number of ground motion records needed to predict the median IDA curve is achieved by introducing a precedence list of ground motion records. The determination of such a list is an optimization problem, which is solved in the paper by means of (1) a genetic algorithm and (2) a proposed simple procedure. The seismic response of a simple, computationally non‐demanding structural model has been used as input data for the optimization problem. The presented example is a three‐storey‐reinforced concrete building, subjected to two sets of ground motion records, one a free‐field set and the other a near‐field set. It is shown that the median IDA curves can be predicted with acceptable accuracy by employing only four ground motion records instead of the 24 or 30 records, which are the total number of ground motion records for the free‐field and near‐field sets, respectively. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

西霞院反调节水库控制网的布设及优化

采取平面网与高程网相结合的方法布设了施工控制网，并引用工程控制网优化设计的有关理论，结合实际对平面网的网形进行了机助优化。在网形确定的基础上，文中采用可靠因子为质量指标对网中的观测量进行优化，最终得到了满足精度和可靠性要求的最优布设方案。     

遗传算法在水环境灰色非线性规划中的应用

利用常规最优化方法解水环境中的灰色非线性规划问题难度较大。尝试利用遗传算法与传统非线性规划解法相结合的混合数值算法对此类问题的求解进行了探索。在实例的应用中,该方法有效性得到了验证。     

重磁遗传算法三维反演中动态数组优化方法

将地下场源划分成很多规划小单元，并且反演这些单元的物性变化是重磁反演，特别是三维反演的重要方向。在应用遗传算法进行该类反演过程中，隐含着数据量大时高维动态数据内存管理问题。为此，作者在本文中提出了简单、有效的动态内存优化方法。     

Water resources optimization and eco-environmental protection in Qaidam Basin

In order to realize sustainable development of the arid area of Northwest China, rational water resources exploitation and optimization are primary prerequisites. Based on the essential principle of sustainable development, this paper puts forward a general idea on water resources optimization and eco-environmental protection in Qaidam Basin, and identifies the competitive multiple targets of water resources optimization. By some qualitative methods such as Input-output Model & AHP Model and some quantitative methods such as System Dynamics Model & Produce Function Model, some standard plans of water resources optimization come into being. According to the Multiple Targets Decision by the Closest Value Model, the best plan of water resources optimization, eco-environmental protection and sustainable development in Qaidam Basin is finally decided.     

Water resources optimization and eco-environmental protection in Qaidam Basin

During the development of Qaidam Basin, which is an arid area in Northwest China, rational water resources utilization and optimization are primal prerequisites, and the main restrictive factors include the following facts: scarcy water resources are non-substitutional and uneven distributed in time and space. Based on the essential principle of sustainable development, this paper adopts Multiple Targets Decision by the Closest Value Model, and succeeds in getting the best plan, which can o…     

地下水观测网的若干问题与基于信息熵的研究方法

观测站点分布的任意性、随意性和层次不清以及观测数据的冗余性等是中国地下水观测网普遍存在的问题 ,这些问题制约着观测网提供可靠和有效数据信息的能力。文章以河北平原地下水观测网为例 ,分析了观测网几个问题的表现和原因 ,并对国内外观测网优化设计的指导思想、技术方法的现状和进展作了简要介绍。在参考大量国内外研究成果的基础上 ,主要介绍了基于信息熵原理研究观测网优化设计的方法 ,包括基本概念、原理和解决观测孔层次分类、信息冗余以及空间优化布局的技术思想。笔者认为 ,信息熵方法是一种能够评价地下水观测网信息 (而不是数据 )收集能力和优化观测网布局的很具发展潜力的技术方法。     

土体渗流固结参数识别方法

根据土体固结过程中超孔隙水压力观测资料，建立了基于遗传算法的土体渗流团结参数非线性识别方法，解决了经典高斯－牛顿极小化问题所存在的局部极小问题和最小二乘法所存在的当初始值选择不合适时迭代过程发散的问题，提出了根据观测仪器的精度，建立 工终止条件的方法，数值计算结果表明，本文所提出的非线性反演方法适合于土体团结参数识别等类似的反问题。     

加强地震监测预报工作应密切关注的几个问题

目的，科技进步和社会发展对防震减灾部门提出了更高的工作目标和要求。在未来的一段时期内，一方面需要把地震预报工作从经验基础预报向完善的物理模型推进，另一方面要切实加强地震台网的优化工作，保证研究工作的顺利开展。纵观当前的政治经济形势和地震科学研究现状，文章提出了在“十五”期间应特别关注的几个问题：①正确处理“继承和发展”的关系，努力造就跨世纪的监测预报人才；②监测台网优化和监测技术的发展必须重视预报对监测技术的需求；③分析预报工作的基础建设对提高预报工作质量的作用不容忽视。     

监测网优化设计的必要性及内容

本文详细分析了监测网优化设计的必要性，并针对监测网的特点，叙述了监测网设计的有关问题。