广西夜雨特征及其农业利用

通过对广西历年降水资料的分析,找出全区的夜雨地域分布和季节分布特征,并提出合理利用夜雨资源的建议。     

月相对江南春雨年际变率的可能影响

验证华南气候谚语“六月逢双暑,有米无柴煮”的符号正确率达到90％,其内部隐含的物理本质可能反映的是月球相对于地球的位相（月相）的年际变化对华南前汛期降水的影响。将其推广到一般情况,求得月相与华南前汛期降水以及江南春雨的相关分布图,表明相关显著,特别是与江南春雨的关系更为密切。计算了月相与江南春雨的30年滑动相关,发现该相关具有很高的稳定性。小波分析表明两者具有相同的2～3年显著周期,说明它们之间内部可能存在物理联系。因此,月相可以作为江南（华南）预测春季（前汛期）降水的一个重要的预报参考判据。月相对降水影响的内部物理机制目前尚不清楚,可能是日月的引潮力的年际变化引起的。     

基本气流和边界层顶高度对低纬大气数值模拟的影响

本文研究了一个包含波动CISK(Convective Instability of the Second Kind)机制的扰动方程数值模式中,基本气流对低频振荡数值模拟的影响。结果显示,当基本气流为纬向均匀风场U时,振荡周期随U的增加而减小:当U取2 m s-1时,周期从50～60 d减小到30 d;当U减小到-1 m s-1时,振荡周期增加为70～80 d。这是由于低频振荡是从西向东传播,西风基本气流能加快扰动东传,反之东风基本气流会抑制扰动东传,使振荡周期增加。同时,模式中的边界层顶出现误差时,模拟结果会有敏感的响应。若边界层顶取值比标准值高,对流加热反馈作用过大,出现扰动增长过快的现象,传播到80°～90°E附近时,扰动不再继续传播,而是无限增长;而边界层顶取值比标准值低时,对流加热反馈过小,扰动增长小且衰减加快,扰动传播不远便耗散到零,扰动循环周期表现为热源的周期。     

Quality of rainwater: A geochemical process of water-air-rock-life interaction

This paper discusses the quality of rainwater from a chemical-physical viewpoint, linking the acquisition of solutes to the interaction processes among different geochemical spheres. The role played by dust in the formation of raindrops and their stability is highlighted. Emphasis is also placed on the solubilization mechanisms of gases and solids responsible for the mineralization and acidity of atmospheric precipitation. The quantitative relationship between the pH of rainwater and its chemical composition is defined by the formulation of a geochemical model, which allows the initial pH of rainwater to be identified before that contamination, such as the addition of substances with high buffering capacity, changed their hydrogen ion composition.     

Expanding networks for the urban poor: Water and telecommunications services in Lima, Peru

In many cities of the developing world, poor residents occupy land and build their dwellings before infrastructure is provided. Expanding the infrastructure networks for the poor is a long, expensive and complicated affair. Before the 1990s, the public sector was generally in charge of the basic services; but these services have been liberalized and, in many cases, privatized since then. In this new context, a relevant question is: have these reforms contributed to urban integration? Or, on the contrary, have they contributed to deepen urban fragmentation? This study presents the case of water and telecommunications services in Lima, Peru, the most contested and politically sensitive urban sectors. The objective is to test Graham and Marvin’s claims about the splintering of networked infrastructures expressed in Splintering Urbanism.The findings show that the reforms have improved the situation at aggregate level, but there is still no sustainable solution for the crucial dilemma of cities with high poverty restrictions: self-financed network expansions versus service affordability. The diverging paths of the utilities reform in Lima illustrate that privatization is not the main issue in the discussion to expand the networks for the poor. The main conclusion is that sensible policies complemented with carefully targeted subsidies and continuous regulation can successfully provide water for all. Good governance practices at the urban level help to achieve this goal. Water and telecommunications in Lima also show that are no general solutions for the universalization of the services; each city is different and some sectors are much more complex and problematic than others. This demands careful and continuous technical and political consideration of the local circumstances to reform the utilities.     

关于《毕奥理论中3个基本参数显式解》一文的错误

１９９７年第４期《西北地震学报》发表题为《毕奥理论中３个基本参数显式解》一,中在概念和公式推导中都有不妥与错误之处,在此提出看法,疑义相与析。     

2013年初夏长江下游降水低频分量延伸期预报的多变量时滞回归模型

用长江下游降水低频分量和南半球中纬度地区850 hPa低频经向风主成分,建立多变量时滞回归 (multivariable lagged regression, MLR)模型,对2013年6—7月长江下游降水低频分量进行延伸期逐日变化预报试验。结果表明, 20~30 d时间尺度的长江下游低频降水预测时效可达25~30 d。进一步对2001—2012年资料分别构建的MLR模型的历史回报预测试验表明,对于20~30 d振荡较强和正常的年份,南半球中纬度绕球遥相关(south circum global teleconnection, SCGT)波列是预测初夏长江下游低频降水未来30 d变化的显著信号。基于南半球SCGT的发展和演变,对于提前20 d以上预报长江下游地区2013年7月上旬持续强降水过程异常变化过程很有帮助,南半球热带外环流低频变化是影响初夏长江下游地区延伸期强降水变化的重要因子之一。     

用VB编程绘制台站日常数据曲线

简要介绍了一种处理台站日常观测资料的方法。应用Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ语言编 程,利用打印机将数据曲线打印输出,比用绘图仪输出效率更高。并且给出了一个简 单的程序实例。     

GIS在地震应急基础数据库建设中的应用

GIS适用于存储、管理、分析和描述与空间和地理分布有关的数据信息,主要介绍了GIS在地震应急基础数据库建设中的应用,利用GIS信息技术的各项功能,对地震应急基础数据库建设实现了从输入、编辑、处理、分析到输出进行系统的、科学的可视化分析与管理,为抗震救灾指挥部震后尽快做出决策提供了数据保障。     

建筑抗震设计中的小,中,大震烈度研究

作者以地震学的观点，在研究地震复发周期与震级－频度关系式中的ｂ值的基础上，研究了建筑抗震设计中的小、中、大震之间的烈度差值。指出该烈度差值只与ｂ值有关，因此是因地而异的。建议今后修改规范时考虑。