点苍山—哀牢山带基础地质问题思考

点苍山—哀牢山是滇西重要的变质带。点苍山-罗平山断裂将点苍山分为两个结合带：东部甘孜-理塘结合带东以洱海—箐河断裂为界,包括石鼓蛇绿混杂岩带、义敦岛弧带和中咱-中甸地块。西部金沙江结合带西以乔后-西洱河断裂为界,包括古元古界沟头箐岩群结晶基底、河底-李子坪蛇绿混杂岩带及维西陆缘弧带。哀牢山东侧红河断裂是上扬子地块与金沙江接合带的分界,哀牢山断裂是一条逆冲推覆断裂,不是金沙江结合带的东界。     

云南元阳—马关地区布格重力异常及其找矿意义

评细研究区布格重力局部异常后认为:元阳哈播为金、铜、铅锌找矿有利地段,金平-新安里为金、铅锌、铜、钼多金属找矿地段,个旧老厂为锡多金属矿成矿有利部位,薄竹山为钨、银铅锌找矿区,而马关老君山为钨、铜、铅锌多金属矿有利地段。     

南海神狐海域含水合物层粒度变化及与水合物饱和度的关系

为探讨沉积物粒度与水合物饱和度的关系,对南海神狐海域水合物钻探区2个获取水合物的钻孔岩心沉积物进行了粒度分析及粒度与水合物饱和度对比分析.结果表明,含水合物沉积物具有粉砂含量72％～82％、黏土含量小于30％、砂含量一般小于10％的基本特征,其中粉砂中以8～32和32～63 μm粒级的中细一粗粉砂占优势;该特征与上下不...     

Ecosystem-based marine spatial management: Review of concepts, policies, tools, and critical issues

Conventional sectoral management and piecemeal governance are considered less and less appropriate in pursuit of sustainable development. Ecosystem based marine spatial management (EB-MSM) is an approach that recognizes the full array of interactions within an ecosystem, including human uses, rather than considering single issues, species, or ecosystem services in isolation. Marine spatial planning and ocean zoning are emerging concepts that can support EB-MSM. EB-MSM is driven by high-level goals that managers aim to achieve through the implementation of measures. High-level goals and objectives need to be translated into more operational objectives before specific targets, limits and measures can be elaborated.Monitoring, evaluation and adaptation are necessary to ensure that marine management measures are both effective and efficient. Solid monitoring frameworks are the foundation of adaptive management, as they provide the necessary information to evaluate performance and the effectiveness of management actions. Marine protected areas (MPAs) - possibly set up in networks - constitute a key component in EB-MSM policies and practises and have been applied as a cornerstone in conservation of marine biodiversity, management of fish populations, development of coastal tourism, etc. Moreover, MPA experiences have provided methods and concepts (such as zoning) to a wider EB-MSM context. The assignment of values to biophysical features of the marine environment allows the direct assessment of related management choices and may assist EB-MSM.A range of monetary valuation techniques have been proposed to reduce attributes of goods and services to a single metric. However, in the marine environment such an approach is often over simplistic, and thus less reductive techniques may be necessary. Rather than producing a single metric, the results of non-monetary assessments guide policy allowing weight to be given as necessary to potential areas of conflict and consensus.Strategies to take into account climate change effects and geohazard risks in EB-MSM have been applied or proposed worldwide. EB-MSM regimes must be alert to such risks and flexible to account for changes.     

Assessment of charcoal driven deforestation rates in a fragile rangeland environment in North Eastern Somalia using very high resolution imagery

Multi-temporal very high resolution satellite images and field work have been used for quantifying the tree cutting rate over a 5 years period in a very arid tiger bush area of North Eastern Somalia with intensive charcoal production activities. By applying both a classical area frame sampling approach with visual interpretation of the samples and a semi-automatic tree detection algorithm, it was possible to create baseline tree density layers for the 2 years of observation and to quantify the tree cutting rates for the period from 2001 to 2006. An average annual tree loss of −2.8%, coupled with the total absence of regrowth during the 5 years study period, confirm the tremendous ecological impacts of charcoal driven tree cutting on tiger bush vegetation. Analysis of the results evidences spatial and temporal patterns in the cutting locations and poses the basis for a better understanding of the ecological and human dimensions of deforestation in the fragile rangeland environment of Northern Somalia.     

重庆市三峡库区工业园区土地集约利用评价

通过对所选的6个样本园区,运用多因素综合评价方法计算相应的土地集约利用指数,对重庆市三峡库区工业园区土地集约利用指数进行研究.分析结果表明三峡库区内6个样本园区的土地集约利用指数差异较大,与重庆其他地区相比较,三峡库区生态经济区的土地集约利用指数最低.据此,提出提高重庆市三峡库区园区土地集约利用水平的建议.     

辽河西部凹陷欢喜岭地区沙河街组沉积特征及其演化

在充分利用岩芯、录井、测井等相关资料的基础上,总结辽河西部凹陷欢喜岭地区沙河街组的沉积相类型,首次提出运用相对单因素综合作图法来绘制各沉积时期的沉积相平面图,综合探讨了沙河街组的沉积特征及空间沉积演化规律。结果表明:欢喜岭地区沙河街组主要发育扇三角洲相、湖底扇相、滨浅湖相和半深湖—深湖相4种沉积相类型;扇三角洲砂体为欢喜岭地区主要的储集砂体,在沙河街组沉积时期持续发育,主要发育于盆地缓坡部位;湖底扇主要发育在SQ3和SQ4沉积时期,主要分布在广阔的半深湖—深湖环境内;相对单因素综合作图法可以弥补传统的沉积相作图方法精度低的不足;沙河街组的沉积相垂向演化的旋回性明显,自下而上分为两个水进旋回,分别为SQ2～SQ5沉积时期和SQ6、SQ7沉积时期;每个水进旋回初期,盆地构造活动相对较弱,水体较浅,扇三角洲沉积广泛发育,湖底扇沉积规模较小;每个水进旋回中后期,盆地构造活动强度大,湖盆水体加深,扇三角洲规模减小,而湖底扇沉积规模明显扩大,形成非常有利的储集砂体,在研究区广泛发育,是研究区深层勘探的有利目标之一。     

基于iHCO通信卫星的CAPS星座优化研究

中国区域定位系统(Chinese Area Positioning System,CAPS)把寿命末期的地球静止轨道(Geostationary Earth Orbit,GEO)通信卫星推到比GEO轨道高约200 km的倾斜高圆轨道(inclined Highly Circular Orbit,iHCO),卫星相对地球向西漂移。利用该类卫星组建CAPS导航星座,可以实现全球范围内的导航通信覆盖。重点开展基于iHCO通信卫星的CAPS星座优化研究,结果表明:利用GEO通信卫星和iHCO通信卫星组成的星座可以实现较好的空间星座布局,可以满足一般导航用户的需要。     

基于海量地理信息的网络存储系统设计与实现

概述了合肥测绘院网络存储系统的设计与实现过程,为城市勘测单位与相关行业海量地理信息的存储提供了有效的借鉴.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Vanishing Farmland Crisis, Critical Views of the Movement to Preserve Agricultural Land . John Baden Protecting Farmlands . Frederick R. Steiner and John E. Theilacker Ecological Effects of Fire in South African Ecosystems . Peter de V. Booysen and Neil M. Tainton Geography in China . Wu Chuanjun , Wang Nailiang , Lin Chao and Zhao Songqiao Resource Inventory and Baseline Study Methods for Developing Countries . Francis Conant , Peter Rogers , Marion Baumgardner , Cyrus Mc Kell , Raymond Dasmann, and Priscilla Reining Principles of Remote Sensing . Paul J. Curran Famine As A Geographical Phenomenon . Bruce Currey and Graeme Hugo The Suburban Squeeze: Land Conversion and Regulation in the San Francisco Bay Area . David E. Dowall Senses of Place . John Eyles Uneven Development and the Geographical Transfer of Value . D. K. Forbes and P. J. Rimmer Issues in Wilderness Management . Michael Frome Land-use and Prehistory in South-east Spain , The London Research Series in Geography 8. Antonio Gilman and John B. Thornes with Stephen Wise Regions in Question, Space, Development Theory and Regional Policy . Charles Gore The Colorado River: Instability and Basin Management . William L. Graf Hazardous Waste Sites: The Credibility Gap . Michael R. Greenberg and Richard F. Anderson Peasants, Subsistence Ecology, and Development in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea . Lawrence S. Grossman Silver Cities: The Photography of American Urbanization, 1839-1915 Peter B. Hales Silicon Landscapes . Peter Hall and Ann Markusen Remaking Ibieca: Rural Life in Aragon under Franco . Susan F. Harding The European Energy Challenge: East and West . George W. Hoffman The Global Climate . John T. Houghton The Urban Jobless in Eastern Africa . Abel G. M. Ishumi . The Tourist: Travel in Twentieth-Century North America . John A. Jakle City and Society: An Outline for Urban Geography . R. J. Johnston Residential Segregation, The State and Constitutional Conflict in American Urban Areas . R. J. Johnston Accessibility and Utilization: Geographical Perspectives on Health Care Delivery . Alun E. Joseph and David R. Phillips To the Heart of Asia: The Life of Sven Hedin . George Kish North American Culture , Vol 1. Ary J. Lamme III Past and Present in the Americas: A Compendium of Recent Studies . John Lynch Ethnicity in Contemporary America: A Geographical Appraisal . Jesse O. Mc Kee The Shell Countryside Book . Richard Muir and Eric Duffey 1990 Planning Conference Series. Proceedings of the National Geographic Areas Conference . Proceedings of the Regional Geographic Areas Conferences Wood, Brick, and Stone: The North American Settlement Landscape . Vol. 2: Barns and Farm Structures . Allen G. Noble Bangladesh: Biography of a Muslim Nation . Charles Peter O'donnell