Relative importance of wind and buoyancy forcing for interdecadal regime shifts in the Pacific Ocean

Interdecadal variations in the Northern Hemisphere and the North Pacific have been documented in many studies[1 4]. The connection between the subtropical North Pacific and the tropics is regarded as the most important process triggering and maintaining t…     

Shallow-water loading tides in Japan from superconducting gravimetry

Gravity observations from superconducting gravimeters are used to observe loading effects from shallow-water tides on the Japanese east and west coasts. Non-linear third-diurnal and higher-frequency shallow-water tides are identified in the tide-gauge observations from these coastal areas. The most energetic constituents in the tide gauge observations are also seen in the gravity observations due to their loading effects on the deformation of the Earth. Even though the shallow-water tides at the Japanese east coast have an amplitude of only a few millimetres, they are still able to generate a loading signal at gravity sites located several hundred kilometres inland. In particular, the S₃, S₄ and S₅ solar tides occur in both gravity and tide gauge observations. It is indicated that in other shelf regions with large shallow water tides, the shallow water loading signals account for a significant signal, which should be taken into account.Acknowledgement The authors would like to thank the Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department (Japan Coast Guard), Japan Meteorological Agency and Hokkaido Development Agency for access to the tide-gauge data. Also, the Global Geodynamic Project Information System and Data Center (GGP-ISDC) is acknowledged for providing the gravity data.     

降水对热带西南太平洋海温异常响应的数值试验

本文应用IAP9-AGCMⅡ九层大气环流数值模式，通过数值试验，研究了降水对热带西南太平洋SSTA(海温异常)的响应。结果表明：海温正异常下，夏季北半球热带中太平洋降水明显偏多；我国东部地区降水正常或偏多。海温负异常下，夏季赤道中太平洋降水偏少，我国大部地区降水正常或略偏少。当该区域SST异常时，从总体看降水对该异常响应最敏感的地区为北半球热带中太平洋、我国华中和西南、孟加拉湾和中南半岛。     

GISS海气耦合模式的基本气候态评估

该文简单介绍了GISS海气耦合模式, 并且利用该模式进行数值模拟, 以此来判断其模拟能力, 尤其是对亚洲地区的模拟。结果表明:该模式模拟的亚洲地区大气和海洋的气候状况比较接近实况, 具有一定的气候模拟能力。同时, 由于其较粗的分辨率, 对计算机要求不高, 容易利用目前国内中小型计算机进行长期运转, 是一个简易的数值模拟工具。文章也讨论了该模式模拟的不足之处, 如亚洲地区模拟的地面气温偏低, 海温略偏高, 青藏高原南部夏季降水过大, 中国华北夏季降水偏少等。     

Travel time of accreted igneous assemblages in western Pacific orogenic belts and their associated sedimentary rocks

Accreted igneous assemblages in orogenic belts maybe divided into three types depending on whether they derive from seamounts, ocean ridges or subduction-related ophiolites. Seamount type basalts are associated with shallow water sediments—mostly reefoidal limestones. Ocean ridge type basalts are generally overlain by pelagic cherts. Subduction-related ophiolitic eruptives, often underlain by gabbroic and ultramafic rocks, are associated with hemipelagic mudstones. The age of such diverse eruptive lithologic assemblages reflects the time taken for them to have traveled from their locus of generation to their place of accretion at a continental margin. This relationship has been established for each type of accretionary complex, examples being taken mostly from Japan and the western Pacific rim in order to represent evolutionary processes at a typical active plate margin. In general, the seamount types are older, ridge types are of intermediate age, and the ophiolitic types are by far the youngest, usually close to zero age. Seamount type basalts are accreted by shallower scraping of the seamount's sediment apron together with fragments of seamount basalt, ridge type, by peeling due to permeability contrast, and the ophiolitic types by deeper scraping as a consequence of an inflected temperature gradient. Accordingly, it is concluded that the ophiolitic rocks are generated close to the trench and may be accreted as a result of ridge subduction.     

西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带--深部地球物理结构给出的启示

通过跨越缝合带的综合地球物理和地质调查研究，查明了地质上推测的“班公湖一怒江缝合带”的深部结构和构造，提出了下述观点：现有资料尚不足以证明，“班公湖一怒江缝合带”是严格意义上的缝合带，而趋向表明是一个老的弧后拉张区，在后来的印度大陆与拉萨地块碰撞挤压过程中，先是沉积了巨厚的第三纪地层，仅在20Ma(?)以来才转变成挤压体制，形成多条逆冲断裂；纳木错一申扎逆冲的蛇绿岩片带代表着侏罗纪洋的主要缝合带位置，在其闭合过程中洋壳与陆壳一起向北发生俯冲，并形成班戈岩带所代表的岩浆弧，在岩浆弧后出现了拉张区；下地壳向北挤压增厚，物理性质不同的上、下地壳之间相互运动而形成了一条缓倾的剪切片理化带，南北长达300km，命名为主羌塘逆冲断裂带(MQT)；并使班戈岩片整体向南逆推上去，致使地壳分层增厚；在拉张期伦坡拉小地块向下运动，20Ma以后转变成压缩体制后又开始向上逆推，再加上后期的剥蚀，致使班戈深成岩体出露于地表；唐古拉山、各拉丹冬等年轻的火山岩浆带与地表显示的构造活动无直接关系，推测应是地壳深层作用引起的构造岩浆活动的显示。     

国际港口结构抗震设计标准

从设计思想、设计方法和设计步骤等方面介绍了国际航海协会制定的国际港口结构抗震设计标准。该设计标准全面引入了性态设计的思想，对不同港口结构在不同地基基础条件下的地震反应给予考虑。在应用上，该标准同时具有成熟性和灵活性，对于从事相关设计的人员是一种有益的参考。     

Role of the Land Plume in the Transport of Ozone Over the Ocean During Indoex (1999)

Observations from aircraft, an island station, and tworesearch vessels are used to investigate the development of an elevated mixed layeror land plume over the Arabian sea during the Indian Ocean Experiment Intensive FieldPhase 1999 (INDOEX) through air mass modification. Much of the transport of aerosolsand gases occurs in this plume located above a well-mixed convective marine boundary layerwith a depth of 800–1000 m. The depth of the land plume isapproximately 2000 m with the peak ozone concentrations occurring near the centre of this land plume.Significant latitudinal variations in the concentration of ozone occur in the marineboundary layer and in the plume. Mean ozone concentrations in the land plume decreasedwith distance from the Indian coastline.     

内蒙古锡林格勒杂岩的地球化学研究:从Rodinia聚合到古亚洲洋闭合后碰撞造山的历史记录

内蒙古东部出露的锡林格勒杂岩主要由中元古代原岩为火成岩的黑云母片麻岩和斜长角闪岩透镜体组成。片麻岩显示轻稀土元素富集的中等分异特征 ,具明显的Eu负异常 ,其不相容元素特征与平均地壳类似但相对亏损Ba和Sr。斜长角闪岩构成一条Sm -Nd等时线 ,其年龄值为12 0 2± 6 5Ma ,εNd(1.2 0Ga)值为 6 .8。角闪岩的亏损地幔模式年龄 (tDM,1.2 6～ 1.32Ga)与其Sm -Nd同位素等时线年龄接近。角闪岩的Rb -Sr同位素等时线年龄为 393± 14Ma ,其87Sr/ 86 Sr初始比值为 0 .70 379± 0 .0 0 0 0 7,此Rb -Sr等时线年龄与本区出露的篮片岩Ar-Ar年龄 (～ 383Ma)一致 ,记录了中亚造山带东南部洋壳俯冲结束后由大陆碰撞造山引起的变质作用事件。黑云母片麻岩的Rb -Sr同位素等时线年龄为 2 79.5± 6 .4Ma ,87Sr/ 86 Sr初始比值为 0 .70 85 1± 0 .0 0 0 10 ,此Rb -Sr等时线年龄与本区广泛分布的早二叠世火山岩的Rb -Sr等时线年龄 (～ 2 77± 15Ma)一致 ,因此可能是由大规模岩浆活动诱发的变质作用的记录。锡林格勒杂岩因此不仅记录了Rodinia超大陆聚合的地质事件 ,并且通过对比研究本地区蛇绿岩和晚古生代岩浆岩的演化历史 ,可以恢复从Ro dinia超大陆聚合 (～ 1.2 0Ga)到古亚洲洋关闭 (～ 4 30Ma)、大陆碰撞造山 (～ 39     

印度洋9.0级大地震激发的基频地球球型振荡

分析了中国数字地震台网（CDSN）改造后的余山台（SSE）甚长周期地震仪（STS-1，瑞士生产）观测到的大地震后3天的VHZ波形资料，利用功率谱密度估计方法，在没有对资料进行去固体潮处理的情况下，准确获得了2004年12月26日印度洋地震激发的基频球型振荡，并与地球初步参考模型（PREM）的理论自由振荡周期进行了对比，发现实测振荡周期与PREM预测的振荡周期其本符合。其细微差异可以用来研究和解释地球介质的横向不均匀性和各向异性等现象。