吉林南部荒沟山、南岔金矿的地质特征和地球化学研究

吉林南部老岭群中产出的金矿分为三种类型,其中以荒沟山和南岔金矿为代表的微细浸染型和金硫化物浸染型最具规模。地球化学研究表明,该类矿床是与岩浆热液活动有关的中高温热液矿床。主要控矿因素是韧性剪切带和闪长岩脉的侵入,以及成矿热液的温度和容矿空间。     

伊犁盆地水西沟群冲积扇-扇三角洲沉积体系研究

以沉积岩石学、陆相沉积盆地分析和现代水成铀矿理论为指导,运用详实的地质资料和前人的研究成果,系统研究水西沟群沉积物的微观和宏观地质信息,恢复沉积时期的地貌特征和沉积过程,重新展示碎屑物的形成过程及其演化.将水西沟群的岩石及沉积构造特征与现有资料对比,初步认为中下侏罗统水西沟群是冲积体系的产物,即冲积扇-扇三角洲沉积体系综合作用的产物.每一种沉积体系均已细分到亚相和微相,冲积扇体系有扇根、扇中、扇端3个亚相和河床充填、漫流沉积、辫状河道、沼泽沉积等微相.扇三角洲沉积体系有扇三角洲平原、扇三角洲前缘、前扇三角洲3个亚相和辫状河道、河漫沼泽、河口坝、远砂坝等微相.     

甘肃中西部龙首山一带“韩母山群”的重新厘定

关于甘肃龙首山一带“韩母山群”的划分和时代归属,前人曾有不同的认识。依据沉积建造、古生物化石、变质变形等资料,对韩母山群进行解体。将该群下部变质变形较强的烧火筒沟组(钙质砾岩、细碎屑岩夹碳酸盐岩建造)厘定为震旦系,上部变质变形较弱的草大坂组(碎屑岩、碳酸盐岩建造)厘定为寒武系,并将后者与鄂尔多斯西缘下、中寒武统对比。     

西昆仑塔什库尔干陆块赞坎铁矿赋矿地层形成时代及其地质意义

布伦阔勒岩群既是西昆仑塔什库尔干陆块的主体组成部分,也是该区域铁矿床的赋矿地层,在其中已经发现了赞坎、老并、莫喀尔和叶里克等大型磁铁矿床。文章通过对塔什库尔干陆块内赞坎铁矿区布伦阔勒岩群及侵入地层的岩浆岩进行精细的岩相学和SHRIMP年代学研究,确定赋矿地层的形成时代,进而探讨该矿床的形成时代。研究表明布伦阔勒岩群斜长角闪片岩中岩浆结晶锆石的的形成年龄为(1845.0±11.0)Ma,限定了地层的形成时代可能晚于(1845.0±11.0)Ma。再根据次斜长花岗斑岩侵入体的形成年龄(544.5±4.7)Ma,限定地层的形成时代要早于(544.5±4.7)Ma。因此推测赞坎铁矿区布伦阔勒岩群的形成年龄介于1845.0~544.5 Ma,为元古宙。而且在英安岩中的部分锆石核部还发现有3048.0~3054.0 Ma和2032.0 Ma的年龄信息,说明地层中还保留有更古老的基底物质(古元古代甚至中太古代基底岩石),也进一步说明塔县—瓦恰隆起带所出露的布伦阔勒群岩是最古老的地层之一,为塔什库尔干古陆块的存在提供了依据。由于赞坎磁铁矿床的形成主要与沉积成矿作用密切相关,其主要矿体是与布伦阔勒岩群底部含铁岩系同生的,因此铁矿床的形成时代应与布伦阔勒岩群含铁岩系的形成时代一致,为元古宙全球性前寒武纪铁矿成矿事件的产物。     

Inliers of banded iron‐formation in the Proterozoic Wyloo Group sediments near Paraburdoo,Western Australia

Two inliers with a total outcrop length of 3000 m and a maximum width of 200 m, consisting of a sedimentary klippe (olistolith) and an olistostrome (both composed of banded iron‐formation and shale belonging to the Hamersley Group) occur within the Mininer Turbidite Member of the Wyloo Group, south of Paraburdoo, W.A., 2500 m from the top of the Hamersley Group proper. The olistostrome is a typical debris slide produced by slumping of unconsolidated material. The klippe was rafted into position as a solid block by a turbidity current.

The pattern of mineralisation within the banded iron‐formation part of the klippe, which is identified as being from the Brockman Iron Formation, together with evidence from the basal conglomerate of the Wyloo Group, shows that the formation of the Hamersley iron ore deposits commenced prior to the deposition of the Wyloo Group sediments.     

The dipole anisotropy of the 2 Micron All-Sky Redshift Survey

We estimate the acceleration on the Local Group (LG) from the 2 Micron All-Sky Redshift Survey (2MRS). The sample used includes about 23 200 galaxies with extinction-corrected magnitudes brighter than   K _s= 11.25  and it allows us to calculate the flux-weighted dipole. The near-infrared flux-weighted dipoles are very robust because they closely approximate a mass-weighted dipole, bypassing the effects of redshift distortions and require no preferred reference frame. This is combined with the redshift information to determine the change in dipole with distance. The misalignment angle between the LG and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole drops to  12°± 7°  at around  50  h ⁻¹ Mpc  , but then increases at larger distances, reaching  21°± 8°  at around  130  h ⁻¹ Mpc  . Exclusion of the galaxies Maffei 1, Maffei 2, Dwingeloo 1, IC342 and M87 brings the resultant flux dipole to  14°± 7°  away from the CMB velocity dipole. In both cases, the dipole seemingly converges by  60  h ⁻¹ Mpc  . Assuming convergence, the comparison of the 2MRS flux dipole and the CMB dipole provides a value for the combination of the mass density and luminosity bias parameters  Ω^0.6_m/ b _L= 0.40 ± 0.09  .     

秦岭造山带宽坪群中的变铁镁质岩的成因、时代及其构造意义

地球化学分析结果显示,宽坪群变基性火山岩和斜长角闪岩SiO2含量均小于53%,TiO2的含量分别是0.87%~2.03%和0.92%~2.12%,MgO含量较低（Mg#=29~49）,原岩类型为亚碱性TH系列玄武质岩石。宽坪群变基性火山岩和斜长角闪岩的轻稀土、重稀土元素无明显分异,LREE呈现亏损—略富集,稀土元素配分模式呈平坦型,与E-MORB的配分模式相似。相对于N-MORB,宽坪群变基性火山岩和斜长角闪岩的大离子亲石元素（LILE, 如Sr、K、Rb和Ba）轻度富集,高场强元素（HFSE,如Ta、Nb、Zr、Hf、Ti等）既不富集也不亏损, 显示与E-MORB相类似的地球化学特征。宽坪群变基性火山岩和斜长角闪岩的初始锶比值比较分散,但其初始钕比值(143Nd/144Nd)(t)比较集中和均一,分别为0.511962~0.512192和0.512028~0.512157,??Nd(t)值均为正值,分别是+5.7~+10.2和+7.0~+9.5,表明2类岩石来自轻稀土和大离子亲石元素略呈亏损的源区。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代分析揭示,宽坪群变基性火山岩形成于晚新元古代Ediacaran期（611Ma±13Ma）,较老的残余晶核锆石可能是岩浆活动过程中捕获古老地壳成分的记录。黑云母40Ar/39Ar热年代学分析表明,宽坪群原岩变质时代为石炭纪Serpukhovian期（319.1Ma±3.6Ma）。认为宽坪群中的变铁镁岩块/片形成于晚新元古代被动陆缘裂谷洋盆,是华北陆块南缘大陆裂解作用的产物。     

辽东半岛早元古宙枕状熔岩特征

辽东半岛枕状熔岩位于辽河群大石桥组底部的变质基性岩中。呈椭球状个体,具白色硅铝质外壳。岩枕分带明显,由外向内可分为枕壳、冷凝边、枕内相。枕状熔岩的岩石学、岩石化学和地球化学研究表明,它是海底玄武岩的产物。枕状熔岩的发现为揭示广泛发育于辽东半岛早元古宙变质基性岩的成因提供了证据。     

辽东地区早元古代火山岩特征及其形成的动力学背景

辽东地区早元古代火山岩是下元古界辽河群地层的重要组成部分,它们由酸性和基性两套火山岩组成。前者形成于辽河裂谷发育早期的拉张裂陷阶段,属于壳源岩浆成因;后者形成于辽河裂谷发育中晚期的强烈拉张裂陷阶段,属于幔源岩浆成因。重点讨论了基性火山岩的岩石学、矿物学、岩石化学和地球化学特征,结果表明,这些基性火山岩主要为一套海底喷发的基性枕状熔岩,具有大陆拉斑玄武岩和大洋拉斑玄武岩的双重特征,是辽河裂谷由大陆壳向大洋壳演化过程中的产物。火山岩形成的动力学背景与早元古代时期热地幔对流形式的出现以及郯-庐断裂带发生右旋平移剪切活动密切相关。     

K–Ar and 40Ar/39Ar phengite ages of Sanbagawa schist clasts from the Kuma Group, central Shikoku, southwest Japan

Conglomerates of the Kuma Group, central Shikoku, southwest Japan contain Sanbagawa schist clasts with a variety of metamorphic grades and lithologies. K–Ar and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating of phengite show all the pelitic schist clasts from low- to high-grade zones have similar phengite ages (82–84 Ma) that are significantly older than those from the in situ Sanbagawa sequence of central Shikoku. This is because the Kuma–Sanbagawa sequence was exhumed earlier than the in situ Asemi sequence with an exhumation process intermediate between those for the Kanto Mountains and the in situ Asemi sequences. ⁴⁰A/³⁹Ar plateau ages (103 and 117 Ma) of phengite in amphibolites indicate the timing of the early stage of the exhumation of the metamorphic pile, probably close to the peak metamorphic age.