In-situ survey of nanomolar manganese in seawater using an autonomous underwater vehicle around a volcanic crater at Teishi Knoll,Sagami Bay,Japan

We present the results of a chemical survey at a submarine volcano, Teishi Knoll, obtained using a submersible in-situ Mn analyzer (GAMOS) mounted on an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) platform. During this survey, high-resolution data of dissolved Mn were obtained in three dimensions in nearly real time. The AUV enabled continuous detailed observations along a preprogrammed pathway, which could not have been performed with conventional CTD hydrocasts. During this observation, anomalously high dissolved Mn concentrations were obtained within the crater, corresponding to high water temperatures. The anomalies might be a hydrothermal signature due to volcanic activity from the crater.     

新疆准东煤田库兰喀孜干勘查区赋煤特征分析

该文以准东东部库兰喀孜干勘查区煤田钻探资料和勘探成果资料为基础,对区内煤炭资源分布特点、赋存特征和赋煤规律等方面进行了研究。区内主要含煤地层为中侏罗统西山窑组和下侏罗统八道湾组,含煤层23层,西山窑组19层,平均厚度45.55m,八道湾组3层,总厚度7.30m,其中2,9,13,15,17,21,23煤层为可采煤层,结合煤层厚度、岩性特征和测井结果,对区内煤层进行了对比。同时,从剖面纵向上总结了西山窑组和八道湾组煤层的垂向分布特征、含煤特征,总结了二者的平面展布特征,认为西山窑组煤层总厚度呈中间厚、四周薄的趋势,八道湾组煤层仅分布在井田中部和南部,厚度由南向北逐渐变薄。在此基础上,从沉积学特征、构造环境和沉积环境方面,对赋煤规律进行了浅析,认为煤层发育总体受沉积环境和基底沉降等地质条件的控制。     

内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原古冰缘遗迹科学考察研究进展

冰缘遗迹(特别是冷生楔形构造及融冻褶皱)是重建古气候及第四纪晚期多年冻土环境的重要证据.内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原是我国北方地区冰缘现象最为发育的地区之一.为准确了解鄂尔多斯高原冰缘遗迹类型及其分布特征、区域冻土演化历史等,中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院和荷兰自由大学共同组成科研小组,于2018年5—6月组织了"鄂尔多斯高原...     

震源系统小震调制比（r＿m）和异常面积（Sr＿m）起伏加剧的时空特征与强震的中、短期预报

本文对强震前震源系统的调制比ｒ＿ｍ和调制比异常面积Ｓｒ＿ｍ随时间变化的起伏加剧现象进行回顾性研究，得到下列研究结果：（１）强震前近源区以及中强震前近源区大多出现调制比ｒ＿ｍ的起伏加剧，并大多在起伏频次达三次时有大震或中强震发生。（２）大多数中、强地震前ｒ＿ｍ异常面积Ｓｒ＿ｍ围绕震源区呈现由小至大、由大至小的过程，因此引入最小异常面积Ｓｒ＿（ｍｉｎ）和最大异常面积Ｓｒ＿（ｍａｘ）之比γ作为中、短期预报指标，根据统计得到异常指标［γ］如下式某些震例在震前出现异常面积Ｓｒ＿ｍ起伏的加剧过程，初步认为是震源区周围调整单元调整能力较差导致的结果。（３）ｒ＿ｍ、Ｓｒ＿ｍ起伏加剧开始时间与震级有关，震级愈大，起伏加剧出现愈早。根据半年步长逐月滑动得到的ｒ＿ｍ－Ｔ图，起伏加剧开始至发震的时间与震级Ｍ的统计，得到如下关系（Ｔ以月计）Ｍ＝４．２９＋０．１１Ｔ（４）强震前场区异常一般呈现随机异常型、波动型和衰减型三种。若场区某统计区出现ｒ＿ｍ的三次起伏加剧时，说明该统计区未来有强震发生。（５）由自治系统和非自治系统原理初步解释了震前震源区周围调整区调制比ｒ＿ｍ及调制比异常面积Ｓｒ＿ｍ起伏现象的周期特征。     

Geochemistry of the Baishitouquan Amazonite—and Topaz—bearing Granite in the Mid—Tianshan Belt,Xinjiang,China

The Baishitouquan amazonite and topaz-bearing granite is one of the typical high-rubidium and high-fluorine granites in the eastern part of the Mid-Tianshan belt. This intrusion is in sharp contact with Mid-Proterozoic schists, gneisses and marbles, and is composed of four zones transitional from the bottom upwards: leucogranite, amazonite granite, topaz-bearing amazonite granite and topaz quartz albitite. The Baishitouquan granite contains highly ordered K-feldspar, Li-rich mica, Mn-rich garnet, α-quartz and low temperature zircon and is chemically high in Si, K, Na, Al, Li, Rb, Cs and F, and low in Ti, Fe, Ca, Mg, P, Co, Ni, Cr, V, Sr and Ba, with Na₂O<K₂O. Amazonite from the amazonite granite zone contains 1867 ppm Rb. The F contents of bulk rocks are 3040 and 4597 for the amazonite granite and topaz-bearing amazonite granite zones, respectively. These two zones have δ¹⁸O values of 8.97–9.85‰ (SMOW) and show flat REE distribution patterns with strong Eu depletion. K-Ar and Rb-Sr ages of this intrusion are 226. 6 Ma and 209. 6 Ma respectively, with an initial⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio of 0.987±0.213. The Baishitouquan granite is the product of crystallization of a low temperature, and water, rubidium and fluorine-rich magma, which may have been derived from partial melting of muscovite-rich crustal rocks. Consolidation of this granite involved two contrasting and successive stages: melt crystallization and hydrothermal metasomatism and precipitation. Various geological features of this granite were formed during the transition from the magmatic to the hydrothermal stage.     

内蒙甲生盘层控硫铅锌矿床汞的岩石地球化学特征

本文以526个岩石样品的Hg、Zn测定及闪锌矿单矿物Hg的热释温度测定为基础,探讨了甲生盘层控硫铅锌矿床Hg的岩石地球化学异常特征,提出了以Hg×100/Zn为指标研究成矿后侵入体的热力对Hg的驱赶作用的可能性。从岩体向外250m的距离内,该比值逐渐从2升高到7。原生Hg异常的研究有利于解释该地壤中汞气异常的形成。已经证实,壤中汞气测量对寻找这类矿床是有效的。     

新疆某地超基性岩体构造控矿的初步分析

本文运用了地质力学方法,试图分析新疆某超基性岩的控岩控矿构造。该区可分三个构造带:东西带,北西西带和南北向带,后二者控制岩体。本文讨论了构造运动的型式、断层与铬铁矿成矿关系以及局部应力场特征。     

Mapping and initial dilution estimation of an ocean outfall plume using an autonomous underwater vehicle

A monitoring mission to study the shape and estimate initial dilution of the S. Jacinto outfall plume using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) was performed on July 30, 2002. In order to reduce the uncertainty about plume location and to concentrate the vehicle mission only in the hydrodynamic mixing zone, outputs of a near-field prediction model, based on effective real-time in situ measurements of current speed and direction and density stratification, were opportunistically used to specify in real time the mission transects. The surface characteristics of the outfall plume were found to be influenced strongly by the relatively weak stratification and low current velocities. Dilution was estimated using a temperature–salinity (TS-) diagram with initial mixing lines between wastewater and ambient waters. Effluent dilutions were at least 30:1 in this study. In order to efficiently map the plume dispersion we applied the least-squares collocation method technique. Our results demonstrate that AUVs can provide high-quality measurements of physical properties of effluent plumes in a quite effective manner and valuable considerations about the initial mixing processes under real oceanic conditions can be further investigated.     

宁夏贺家口子地区晚新生代地层序列及其构造意义

对宁夏贺家口子新生代剖面进行了详细的岩石地层和磁性地层研究，并重点标定了晚第三纪和早第四纪地层的年代。结合相应的地层接触关系和沉积相研究，获得了该剖面构造事件序列信息。认为：青藏高原东北边缘的海原－同心弧形构造束地区强烈的新生代构造变形开始于10MaBP左右，并经历了多个变形阶段。贺家口子剖面所揭示出来的这种构造变形特征，在青藏高原东北边缘地区具有区域意义。     

沙地渗灌系统的自动监测与控制

通过沙地渗灌系统的应用实践以及与沟灌、漫灌进行的比较研究,着重介绍了其对水分实行自动监测与控制的功能;分析了其可向植物根群区直接供给水分和养分,减少水分蒸发,保持沙地良好水分状态的优越性。