关于提高微震事件自动识别效率的一个注记

利用美国国家地震信息中心的地震早期警报系统，通过对数字化地震记录的分析，针对各种可能出现的情况，对微震的自动识别和计算机实时处理进行了讨论。有关结论对地震的自动识别和震源参数的计算测定精度的提高，有重要的参考意义。     

自动气象站实时资料上传浅析

对影响自动气象站数据传输的各个环节进行分析，总结出保证自动气象站实时资料及时上传的经验。     

Karst subzone division in vertical cycle zone and its significance

Vertical cycle karst zone has been studied for more than 100 years, however karst subzones in the zone have never been divided and affected depth of CO2 from rainwater in the zone has never been studied. On the basis of field observation, survey and chemical analysis, the difference of karst processes indicated by CaCO3and pH values in fine and loose sedimentary strata as well as limestone strata, and the vertical cycle zone ascertained by predecessors can be divided into three subzones, that is, the upper first subzone, characterized by unsaturated water solution and strong dissolution processes, the middle second subzone, characterized by supersaturated water solution and precipitation, and the lower third subzone, characterized by unstable water solution and weak dissolution or weak precipitation. The three subzones can indicate the vertical co2 cycle. In fine and loose sediment strata, the bottom of the first subzone is the lower boundary strongly influenced by co2 from rainwater, soil and air; all co2 from rainwater, soil and air is almost exhausted in the second subzone. In the early developmental period of karst process in limestone strata, karst funnels and vertical caves do not form, vertical seeping of rainwater and soil water is very slow, and co2 from soil, rainwater and air almost can reach the third subzone, but in the middle and late developmental periods, karst funnels and vertical caves occur, co2 from soil, rainwater and air can reach deep seasonal change zone and horizontal cycle zone and quicken development of karst morphology. Deep karst morphology near groundwater level under vertical cycle zone develops better in the middle and late periods of karst process.     

Studies on DMC geometry

Since the ISPRS Congress 2000 in Amsterdam, there are great expectations in matrix-CCD based digital cameras for aerial photogrammetry and mapping applications. During the last two years the number of DMC cameras in the market has raised significantly (32 cameras were sold until March 2006). This paper discusses the DMC accuracy focusing on the role of self-calibration parameters and the assessment of automatic DEM quality. This investigation concluded that under the current status of DMC an appropriate set of self-calibration parameters is necessary in order to achieve theoretical accuracy and precision, which were discussed in early literature.In the following discussions, the accuracy of the DMC is analyzed comparing its performance in automatic DEM generation to that of an analog camera using a Lidar DEM as reference. Despite the fact that the higher image quality of the DMC should overcome the poorer base-to-height ratio, the presented results did not reach the expected accuracies. However, our current study is not yet conclusive on this topic because the DMC, the analog images and the LIDAR data have not been acquired at the same time.     

直接转矩控制系统中自学习控制器的研究

交流电动机是一非线性、多变量、强耦合的控制对象,其数学模型较难精确建立,为了克服常规模糊控制器隶属函数不变的缺陷,本文设计了一种具有自学习功能的控制器。在模糊原理的基础上,本控制器借助自学习机制,实现非线性PID控制器参数的实时优化调整,直到系统性能达到预期性能要求为止。把该控制器应用于直接转矩控制系统,通过自学习模糊推理,获得速度环的自适应控制。同常规PID控制器相比,它可以在一定程度上提高系统的动态控制性能。     

陕西大范围雷暴850hPa能流场特征分析

本文对降水自记纸数字化处理系统所产生的各种数据格式进行了认真细致的分析,为用户充分利用这些降水数据提供了重要的参考依据。     

内蒙古自动站与人工观测数据差异对比分析

利用2006年内蒙古自治区共36个自动站和人工站平行观测资料,对观测得到的气象要素进行了统计和评估。通过分析气温、气压、相对湿度、风等要素的对比差值及其标准差、对比差值的频次分布和空间分布等,探讨自动站与人工观测数据差异的可能原因。结果表明：内蒙古自动观测与人工观测各气象要素均存在一定的差异,对所有台站平均而言,其差异均在自动站差值允许范围之内。产生差异的原因：观测仪器结构与观测原理差异、观测时空差异、观测方式差异等,在将人工观测数据与自动观测数据连续使用时,需要根据当地情况进行适当订正,以确保资料的连续性。     

国家一般气象站自动站月报表预审经验谈

山西省临汾市有6个县（市）气象局均采用的是天津气象仪器厂生产的DZZ2型自动气象采集设备,该自动气象采集设备地温的采集由温度采集器和通信控制器2部分组成,其传感元件为PT100型温度传感器,可同时将采集到的12路浅层地温及深层地温温度数据通过地温变送器传送到主采集器中。本例故障从地温传感器（PT100铂电阻）的测温工作原理、其阻值以及采集原理,地温变送器的组成及接线方式人手,进行了详细分析。用万用表对传感器阻值进行测量、判断,继而排除故障。     

CAWS600型自动气象站温湿度传感器故障诊断及维护

本文从内蒙古目前自动气象站采用的HMP45A和HMP45D温湿度传感器的构造和工作原理出发,详细阐述了温湿度传感器故障的诊断方法及日常维护。     

自动站与人工站常规气象要素的对比分析

对自动气象站资料和人工气象站资料进行了对比分析。并通过统计对比分析方法．找出它们之间的相互关系,从而为自动气象站单轨运行作些准备。研究结果认为．自动站温度比人工站平均偏高0．3℃,气压平均偏低0．5hPa,湿度平均偏小4％;用回归分析和经验公式方法对两者进行换算时,效果接近．但随着样本量的增加,应对回归分析法中的回归系数进行修订。