瑞雷面波方法在皖北地区高速公路桥梁勘察中的应用

通过徐州至明光高速公路(安徽段)淮河特大桥场地波速测试,分别采用钻孔孔内单孔波速试验和瑞雷面波试验的方法,获得岩土体弹性波速度,进行划分建筑场地类别、评价地震效应的研究。通过安徽省皖北地区厚层粉土、粉细砂地段,采用瑞雷面波试验方法有效性和可行性分析,表明它是一种简便、快速、准确、高效的经济方法。     

AgI焰剂对层状云催化的数值模拟

使用包含详细微物理过程的一维层状云全分档模式,并加入AgI焰剂催化方案,对2007年吉林省长春市一次层状云降水过程进行AgI播撒试验。分别选取云内过冷水含量峰值区(4000 m)、最大冰面过饱和度区(5000 m)和低温度区(5500 m)作为播撒试验区,播撒时间选择云体未充分发展阶段和充分发展阶段。结果显示,在同等播撒剂量下,地面降水对云内AgI播撒高度较为敏感。ST2方案模拟400 min后地面累计降水量增加10.4%。同等条件下,播撒时间越早,催化效果越佳。在充分发展的云体内播撒AgI焰剂,40 min后云内过冷水含水量减少70%以上,表明云内过冷水消耗量与地面雨强增加量之间具有良好的正相关性。4种播撒方案均显示,云内AgI主要靠凝华核化机制产生冰晶,而接触核化机制对AgI核化过程贡献较小。与未催化云体相比,催化后云内冰晶粒子总凝华速率增加明显。同时,地面雨强增加,最大雷达回波强度减小。地面水滴粒子谱分布显示,相比于未播撒时,各播撒方案均使直径400 μm左右的水滴粒子浓度增加1个数量级以上,而水滴粒子谱宽均略有下降,这表明AgI播撒后主要通过增加可降水粒子数量来影响地面降水强度和累计雨量,而对降水粒子谱型拓宽的贡献有限。     

巴尔喀什-准噶尔斑岩铜(钼、金)成矿带、矿带及主要特征

研究区共划分出4个斑岩-矽卡岩成矿省(区),21个成矿带,49个矿带.对各成矿带、矿带中的代表性矿床作了描述.从成矿时代看,多数矿床形成于石炭-二叠纪,少数形成于早古生代,成矿构造环境多数位于有隐伏刚性基底之上,形成于造山旋回构造岩浆活化带.从成矿类犁看,斑岩体多形成斑岩铜(钼)矿,但由于围岩的性质差异,有时可形成矽卡岩型(卡拉塔斯Ⅰ,Ⅱ)或块状硫化物型.此外,由于斑岩体酸性程度不同和区域地球化学性质的差异,除铜矿外,少数矿床以钼为为(阿克库都克矿床),个别的以金为主(吉尔吉斯斯坦塔尔迪布拉克).     

利用划分方法进行混合数据聚类

目前常用的几种基于划分的聚类方法主要处理数值型数据,能有效处理实际应用领域中常用的包括数值和符号混合数据的聚类算法则较少。基于此问题,文章根据k均值、k中心点和k众数等基于划分的聚类方法各自的特点,对其进行集成与改进,提出一种能够应用于混合类型数据的聚类分析方法,即将所有的混合类型变量转换到共同的标度区间[0.0,1....     

The monsoon imprint during the ‘atypical’ MIS 13 as seen through north and equatorial Indian Ocean records

Previous studies have suggested that Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 13, recognized as atypical in many paleoclimate records, is marked by the development of anomalously strong summer monsoons in the northern tropical areas. To test this hypothesis, we performed a multi-proxy study on three marine records from the tropical Indian Ocean in order to reconstruct and analyse changes in the summer Indian monsoon winds and precipitations during MIS 13. Our data confirm the existence of a low-salinity event during MIS 13 in the equatorial Indian Ocean but we argue that this event should not be considered as “atypical”. Taking only into account a smaller precession does not make it possible to explain such precipitation episode. However, when considering also the larger obliquity in a more complete orbitally driven monsoon “model,” one can successfully explain this event. In addition, our data suggest that intense summer monsoon winds, although not atypical in strength, prevailed during MIS 13 in the western Arabian Sea. These strong monsoon winds, transporting important moisture, together with the effect of insolation and Eurasian ice sheet, are likely one of the factors responsible for the intense monsoon precipitation signal recorded in China loess, as suggested by model simulations.     

上海经营性土地储备规划若干问题探讨

土地储备规划是土地利用总体规划的重要组成,是为城市建设发展服务和指导土地供应计划的重要实施性专项规划,将在引领城市发展、规范土地市场运作、提升土地调控能力等方面发挥重要作用。通过分析土地储备规划的定位,确定土地储备规划的范畴和目标,探索土地储备规划编制的基本方法;结合城市土地储备机构工作特点,构建土地储备规划管理的动态机制。     

生物多样性相关传统知识的类型与惠益分享

2010年在日本名古屋召开的《生物多样性公约》第10次缔约方大会通过《名古屋议定书》,而与生物多样性相关传统知识的获取与惠益分享成为该议定书的核心内容。然而,国际上对传统知识的概念尚未一致,将影响其获取与惠益分享的实施。本文根据国际公约的相关概念和中国传统知识的实际,将生物多样性相关传统知识分为5个类型。进而介绍和分析了《名古屋议定书》有关传统知识获取与惠益分享的条款与规定,特别是分析了土著与地方社区之外获得的、历史上已文献化并进入公知的传统知识其惠益分享问题。还阐述了中国在传统知识保护方面的国家战略,提出了保护、传承和推广应用传统知识的措施。     

一种英语地名机器翻译方法

针对大量英文地名急需实现中文翻译及目前英语地名自动翻译研究较少、翻译结果质量低下的问题,该文提出了一种英语地名机器翻译方法。首先对于不同类别地名语料基于点互信息和有向无环图数据结构提取地名模板,然后基于统计模板模型解析地名词法结构实现翻译。实验结果表明:该方法翻译精度相对较高,可有效应用于地名生产。本方法解决了地名翻译中通专名合理区分的难题,同时利用地名类别属性辅助翻译,大大节省了人工成本,对我国地名翻译及生产领域具有一定参考意义。     

Comparing English,Mandarin, and Russian hydrographic and terrain categories

The paper compares hydrographic and terrain categories in the geospatial data standards of the United States, Taiwan, and Russian Federation where the dominant languages used are from different language families. It aims to identify structural and semantic differences between similar categories across three geospatial data standards. By formalizing the data standard structures and identifying the properties that differentiate sibling categories in each geospatial data standard using well-known formal relations and quality universals, we develop a common basis on which hydrographic and terrain categories in the three data standards can be compared. The result suggests that all the three data standards structure categories with a mixture of relations even though most of them are well-known relations in top-level ontologies. Similar categories can be found across all the three standards. Cases of categories from different standards carrying identical meaning are rare. Partial overlaps in the meaning of the similar categories can be a direct result of different quality universals at work in defining and distinguishing these categories, or in the case of these categories being ordered by size, the threshold values for distinguishing the categories are ambiguous and language-dependent. Understanding these differences avoids incorrect mappings of categories in multilingual applications. More importantly, it provides a starting point for more effective mapping between hydrographic and terrain categories between English, Mandarin, and Russian.     

影像解译在第二次土地调查中的应用

针对宁夏第二次土地调查工作,结合宁夏地区的地形特征和经济状况,研究分析了影像解译所采取的方法及解译过程中应注意的问题.