河北涿鹿矾山水氡映震能力探讨

介绍了河北涿鹿矾山泉所处的地质构造环境、水文地质条件和水质类型等,对该泉近30年来的原始水氡观测数据进行了处理,对矾山水氡的干扰因素及映震能力进行了分析。结果表明:自1975年水氡观测以来,水氡一直保持夏高冬低的规律,虽因季节性排水有一定影响,但年变形态受干扰较小,在唐山7.8级地震和张家口地区个别中等地震前有一定异常反映,但对20世纪80年代后发生在张家口地区及邻近区域的中强地震反映不明显。     

静宁东峡泉水氡资料年动态及映震能力的评价

静宁东峡泉水氡昌１９８７年投入观测的。资料连续可靠,１９９０－１９９７年连续在全省地台资料评比中被评为Ⅰ类观测资料。用计算机对该泉多年资料进行处理后,有一个完整的夏高冬低的正弓形年动态图像,而且与历年观测值的多次拟合函数有较好的显性。     

Simultaneous measurements of X-rays and electrons during a pulsating aurora

The PULSAUR II rocket was launched from Andøya Rocket Range at 23.43 UT on 9 February 1994 into a pulsating aurora. In this paper we focus on the observations of precipitating electrons and auroral X-rays. By using models it is possible to deduce the electron energy spectrum from X-ray measurements. Comparisons are made between the deduced electron fluxes and the directly measured electron fluxes on the rocket. We found the shape of the observed and the deduced electron spectra to fit very well, with almost identical e-folding energies in the energy range from 10 keV to 60–80 keV. For the integrated fluxes from 10.8 to 250 keV, we found a discrepancy of 30%. By combining two models, we have found a good method of deducing the electron precipitation from X-ray measurements. The discrepancies between calculations and measurements are in the range of the uncertainties in the measurements.     

天水城市扩张的时空特征及动因分析

以不同时期的天水市地形图和TM遥感影像为基础,提取城市建设用地信息。并利用年均扩展指数（AGI）分析各时期城市空间扩展的分异特征。结果表明：天水城市用地由小范围到大范围、AGI 强度由低到高再趋缓。1996 年前,城区人口密度一直下降,此后又开始上升,与AGI 的变化相对应。受“两山夹一川”的地形限制,天水经历了由二点向多点分散扩展、内部填充与沿河谷延伸的空间演变过程。形成了南北窄、东西长的带状格局,不同于平原型城市以同心圆外扩模式。不同时期城市扩张的动因不同,初期是人口和工商业迁入,中期是行政力量和市场机制,近期是人口、经济的增长带来的社会需求。为了适应重点开发的需要,天水需要走出河谷、开发新区,提升综合功能。     

胶州湾海月水母(Aurelia sp.1)丰度周年变化及对浮游动物群落的影响

2009年2—12月间在胶州湾大沽河口邻近海域的逐月现场调查中,利用垂直拖网研究了海月水母碟状体和水母体的时空分布情况以及对其它浮游动物类群的影响,并探讨了海月水母的生态适应性。结果表明:海月水母的碟状体4月份开始在胶州湾出现,并且丰度逐渐增加,到6月份达到最高峰。海月水母的水母体集中在7月份大量出现。碟状体和水母体高峰期的月平均丰度分别为2.9和1.3ind/m3。碟状体开始出现时的水温平均为11.5℃,数量高峰期的水温为20.6℃,而水母体高峰期的水温为25.2℃。该海域的浮游动物总丰度(不含夜光虫)在5—7月份有个高峰期,其中5月份最高值为486.9ind/m3。7月份海月水母高峰期,浮游动物的丰度没有明显下降,两者丰度的地理变化之间也没有显著的相关性。但是通过对2006—2010年间的浮游动物各类群丰度对比,2009年海月水母暴发时夜光虫和桡足类春季丰度高值显著低于其它年份。     

四川汶川8．0级地震前山西昔阳地震台体应变特征和同震效应研究

该文对2008年5月12日四川汶川8．0级地震前山西昔阳地震台体积应变仪出现的异常变化进行了初步分析,结果表明,从3月29日出现的异常变化完全符合在实验研究岩石破裂时,主破裂前和破裂时显示出的突变变化特征。     

A Coupled Calibration and Modelling Approach to the Understanding of Dry-Land Lake Oxygen Isotope Records

Comparisons between climate proxies and instrumental records through the last two centuries are often used to understand better the controls on palaeoarchives and to find relationships that can be used to quantify changes in pre-instrumental climate. Here we compare an 80-year-long annually resolved oxygen isotope record from Nar Gölü, Turkey, a varved lake sequence, with instrumental records of temperature, precipitation, wind speed, relative humidity and calculated values of evaporation, all of which are known to be possible controls on lake oxygen isotope systems. Significant relationships are found between the isotope record and summer temperatures and evaporation suggesting these are dominant controls on the isotope hydrology of this non-outlet lake. Modelling the stable isotope hydrology of the lake system allows these relationships to be tested independently. We show that the isotope record follows the same trends in the temperature and evaporation records but that, even when combined, these two climatic factors cannot fully explain the magnitude of change observed in the isotope record. The models show the lake system is much less sensitive to changes in evaporation and temperature than the climate calibration suggests. Additional factors, including changes in the amount of precipitation, are required to amplify the isotope change. It is concluded that proxy-climate calibrations may incorrectly estimate the amplitude of past changes in individual climate parameters, unless validated independently.     

江苏前兆观测年变周期异常与中强地震研究

从前兆观测资料的年变规律着手，选择了江苏前兆观测台网中资料精度较高、年变周期显著的新沂地电阻率和南通短水准两个手段5条测向1990—2002年的观测资料，建立它们的年变周期模型，与实际观测进行对比研究，结合震例，分析其年变畸形的预测效能和映震特征。结果表明：有正常背景年变规律的测向，可以建立年变周期模型，一旦实际观测出现了偏离年变周期模型的变化，就往往是地震前兆异常的一种反映，如果出现与理论值相差60天以上的异常变化时，其预报效能明显提高，可作为一项中短临异常指标进行地震预报。     

利用地热异常定性预测年度降水之方法

将“地气图”方法引入年度降水的定性预测中,在分析了1955－1996年共42a的气修资料及地球自转速度的变化与同期地热涡族轴线走向之间的关系后,发现地热族轴线与我国东部雨带的走向基本一致,且多（少）雨带轴线与地热（冷）涡族轴线基本相合,即轴线呈南北向时,雨带亦呈南北向,反之亦然。在地球自转的减慢年,雨带往往呈南北向。