天球有效大气角动量中的周年和半年项估计

为了讨论大气对非刚体地球章动周年和半年项的贡献,本文将大气有效角动量(1980.0～1998.33)从地面参考系转换至空间参考系得到大气的天球有效角动量CEAM,低通滤波后用最小二乘方法拟合得到顺、逆向周年和半年项的振幅估计。     

皖南地区加里东运动构造特征

前人认为皖南地区加里东运动仅表现为抬升造陆运动。文中从构造运动不整合接触关系证据、盖层构造、劈理及变形变质程度,以及古构造应力场特征等方面开展研究。于皖南地区多处发现了上泥盆统与下伏志留系呈角度不整合接触,表明了区内发育加里东褶皱。通过区域地质调查和构造解剖,揭示了区内复式褶皱为加里东和印支两期褶皱叠加的产物。其中,加里东期构造样式主要为区域性开阔褶皱,规模巨大,其轴迹呈北东东向或近东西向延伸,然而,印支期构造样式为线性中常褶皱,规模较小,其轴迹主要呈北东向展布。应用赤平极射投影法对研究区内的褶皱轴面产状、劈理产状要素进行统计分析,结果显示发育加里东期、印支期等多期变形构造;并利用该法求得褶皱两翼优势产状,应用数学计算法计算出区内3期构造应力场特征值,显示华南地块自南而北向扬子地块俯冲挤压的陆内造山动力学过程。早古生代盖层造山属性为陆内造山。区内加里东期褶皱构造属性的厘定和深入研究,对区域构造格架的建立具有重要意义。     

班公湖-怒江结合带中段上三叠统确哈拉群与下伏岩系角度不整合关系的发现及意义

在位于班公湖-怒江结合带中段的西藏班戈县白拉乡拉纳沟-带,首次发现上三叠统确哈拉群与下伏岩系呈角度不整合接触.该接触关系的发现,证实在班公湖-怒江结合带内有古特提斯蛇绿岩的存在,说明以班公湖-怒江结合带为代表的新特提斯域是在古特提斯域基础上继承和发展起来的.     

论全吉运动

全吉运动发生于柴北缘地区的全吉山一带,除角度不整合的自然现象外,接触面上下岩层之岩性载然不同、变质程度迥异,同位素测试值显示,是一次强烈的区域动力变质构造运动。     

淹没不整合型碳酸盐三级旋回层序——兼论碳酸盐台地的“凝缩作用”

与层序地层学定义的类型Ⅰ层序(LST+TST+CS+HST)及类型Ⅱ层序(SMT+TST+CS+HST)不同,淹没不整合型碳酸盐三级旋回层序以凝缩段直接覆盖在层序界面之上形成的,"CS+HST"序列为特征,而且其底界面为一淹没不整合面或加深饥饿间断面。该类型三级旋回层序是碳酸盐台地淹没事件产生的凝缩怍用过程的产物,它以总体向上变浅的非对称相序为特征。华北北部晚寒武世地层中发育的四个淹没不整合型三级旋回层序的相序特征表明,台地淹没事件及其相关的凝缩作用,只要沉积背景适合,并非三级旋回层序所独有,高频率海平面变化也常产生"瞬时淹没",因而凝缩段并非都发育在最大海侵期,并且凝缩段也存在级别归属问题。     

据牙形石论鄂西茅口组顶部古岩溶不整合面形成时代

鄂西二叠纪茅口组顶部古岩溶不整合面粘土层中产丰富的牙形石，计有3属3种2未定种，标本色泽和被磨损特征等显示它们均为再沉积产物，通过对上述牙形石属种的演化特征、地质时限及产出层位的研究，认为该古岩溶不整合的形成时代为二叠纪Wordian晚期-Capitanian早期（M.aserrata带上部-M.postserrata带）。     

中国及邻区现代地块运动的数值模拟

本文利用板块几何学的方法研究中国及邻区地块间的相对运动,用数值方法计算了地块运动的角速度及边界断层的滑动速率。计算结果与活断层数据相当吻合,本文还利用地块运动速度讨论了我国现代构造活动     

“磨拉石建造”和“不整合”在地层对比中的意义——以扬子地块及其北缘晚前寒武纪地层为例

扬子地块及其北缘晚前寒武纪地层划分对比争议较大,主要是对“地层不整合”和“磨拉石建造”存在认识上的分歧,笔者据现代构造理论,对地壳变形和沉积建造的控制作用认为,地层不整合可以发育在被动大陆边缘形成初始阶段的裂谷期和裂谷期后,又可产生于造山作用过程;磨拉石建造应按构造动力学背景划分为拉张型、挤压型和剪切型三类;它们分别代表了威尔逊旋回不同阶段的产物。     

Limitations of sequence stratigraphic correlation between marine and continental deposits: a 3D experimental study of unconformity-bounded units

Experiments have been carried out in a model basin 16 × 1·2 × 0·9 m to address the effect of base‐level and discharge changes on actively growing alluvial‐shoreline wedges. Two distinct types of erosive surfaces were investigated: one produced by base‐level fluctuations in the coastal zone and the other by discharge and supply fluctuations in the upstream alluvial basin. In the first experiment, three similar base‐level cycles were simulated keeping sediment supply and basin tilting constant within each cycle, and changing discharge from one cycle to the next. In the second experiment, rises and falls of base level were instantaneous and discharge changes were in phase (high discharge linked to high water levels in the basin). In the third experiment, base level and discharge changed gradually, at different rates and they were out of phase, resembling a typical glacio‐eustatic cycle in which sea‐level rises and falls are linked to increased and decreased discharge, respectively. The resulting stratigraphy of the alluvial to deltaic sedimentary wedge was analysed in terms of the development of unconformities and the evolving depositional geometry. An intervening decoupled zone between parts of the model basin dominated by alluvial processes and that at the coastal zone is identified. Within this decoupled zone, unconformities in the alluvial succession tend to vanish basinward, and base‐level generated coastal unconformities disappear landward. The two types of unconformity can be generated at different times during a glacio‐eustatic cycle, and it is thus erroneous to correlate them, even though they may appear to form a continuous surface. Unconformities within the modelled stratigraphy do not constitute time lines nor do they consistently separate younger from older beds, as they require a significant time to form and they have thick sedimentary packages as depositional correlatives. The experiments also support a fourfold division of sequences, showing the development of a significant sedimentary package during base‐level falls.